Earth and Life Science SHS 8.1 Earth's Internal Heat.pptx

Earth and Life Science SHS 8.1 Earth's Internal Heat.pptx

1. Lesson 8.1 Earth's Internal Heat

2. 1 At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: describe where Earth’s internal heat comes from.

3. The internal heat of the Earth fuels the planet’s dynamic processes including plate movements, earthquakes, and volcanism. Earth’s internal heat is produced by residual heat (extraterrestrial impacts and gravitational contraction) and radiogenic heat. Internal Heat of the Earth

4. Extraterrestrial Impacts As proposed in the Nebular theory, the Earth was formed through accretion of particles from a rotating cloud. Residual Heat The accretion of fragments that results from formation of a planet.

5. Extraterrestrial Impacts The great amount of kinetic energy is produced by the moving extraterrestrial objects which were then converted to heat energy. Residual Heat The accretion of fragments that results from formation of a planet.

6. Gravitational Contraction Collapsed clouds occur because accretion of more materials led to an increase in the gravitational attraction causing the contraction of the Earth into a smaller volume which will then enable them to spin faster. Residual Heat

7. Gravitational Contraction The compaction of dust clouds resulted in the conversion of gravitational energy into heat energy. Residual Heat A collapsed cloud due to the influence of gravity.

8. Unstable elements undergo radioactive decay to attain a more stable form. The process of radioactive decay produces heat as a byproduct. Radiogenic Heat Radiogenic heat is a by-product of radioactive isotope decays.

9. Earth’s thermal budget is the measure of the amount of heat that is released at the surface and produced in the interior. Earth's Thermal Budget Most of the energy produced by Sun is absorbed and scattered by Earth on the ground and on its atmosphere.

10. Around 30% of the solar energy that reaches the surface of Earth is reflected back to space by the clouds, atmosphere and light-colored areas (deserts and areas covered with ice and snow). The r emaining 70% of the solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere, land, and oceans. Earth's Thermal Budget

11. The internal heat of the Earth fuels the planet’s dynamic processes. 1 Earth’s internal heat is produced by residual heat (extraterrestrial impacts and gravitational contraction) and radiogenic heat. 2 3 Earth’s thermal budget is the measure of the amount of heat that is released at the surface and produced in the interior.

12. What is the total percentage of solar energy reflected? What type of surfaces reflect incoming solar energy? What is the total percentage of solar energy absorbed? Are all the energy absorbed radiated back to space? How much energy is reflected by the atmosphere? absorbed? Answer the following questions. Use the illustration below as a guide.

13. Where does the heat from Earth’s interior come from?

14. Department of Geological Sciences, San Diego State University. “How Volcanoes Work The Earth’s Internal Heat Energy and Interior Structure.” Accessed February 14, 2017. http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Heat.html Hefferan, Kevin and O’Brien, John. 2010. Earth Materials. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication. Korenaga, Jun. 2011. Earth’s Heat Budget Clairvoyant Geoneutrinos. Macmillan Publishers. Accessed February 15, 2017. http://people.earth.yale.edu/sites/default/files/korenaga11nv.pdf Patrick, Randy Roy and Howe, Robert Crombie. 1994. Volcanism on the Terrestrial Planets. Journal of Geological Education. Tarbuck, Edward J. and Lutgens, Frederick K. 2015. Earth Science. 14th edition. Pearson Education Inc.

15. Taylor, Alexander H. 2014. The Foundation of Modern Geology. University of Illinois Board of Trustees. Accessed February 15, 2017. https://publish.illinois.edu/foundationofmoderngeology/ Taylor, Alexander H. 2014. Plutonism | The Foundation of Modern Geology. University of Illinois Board of Trustees. Accessed February 15, 2017. https://publish.illinois.edu/foundationofmoderngeology/plutonism/