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1. Representation and the Philippine Canon Group 6

2. Oppression is a familiar word in the Filipino vocabulary. There have been many uses for this term, whether it describes the oppression of the less priviledged by the elite, or the oppression in gender by a patriarchal society.

3. In a way, Filipinos have always had to face oppression is some form or another, beginning with our own history of colonization. Eventually, these colonizers would become conquerors and would pop up themselves at our expense.

4. Oppression, and the struggle against it, our commom themes in Philippine Literature. Oppression, as a topic would rise again and again in Philippine Literature.

5. This is Cirilo F. Bautista, the one who wrote the “Third World Geography” poem.

6. He is a poet, fictionist, and essayist with exceptional achievements and significant contributions to the development of the country’s literary arts.

7. Beacause of this, he was acknowledged by the nation at large as the foremost writer of his generation,

8. And entitle him as the National Artist for Literature 2014.

9. One of his most popular works is the “Third World Geography”.

10. THIRD WORLD GEOGRAPHY By Cirilo F. Bautista

11. A country without miracles sits heavy on the map, thinking of banana trees rotting in the sunlight.

12. The man who watches over it has commandeered all hopes, placed them in a sack, and tied its loose end. He goes around carrying it on his back.

13. When asked what is inside, he says, “Just a handful of feathers, just a handful of feathers.”

14. That’s how light the burden of government is in peace time– any tyrant can turn it into a metaphor.

15. You kneel on the parched earth and pray for rice. Only the wind hears your useless words.

16. The country without miracles tries to get up from the page, but the bold ink and sharp colors hold it down.

17. 1. The figure of speech used in the lines “A country without miracles sits heavy on the map, thinking of banana trees rotting in the sunlight” is Metaphor Personification Simile Hyperbole

18. 2. What has happened to hope in the poem, as described by the lines “The man who watches over it has commandeered all hopes, placed them in the sack, and tied its loose end. He goes around carrying it on his back.” It has been killed It has been conquered It has been stolen It has been silenced

19. 3. What are the “feathers” discussed in the poem supposed to be a metaphor of? The burden of government The dashed hopes of people The feathers of dead birds The poverty in the country

20. 4. “You kneel on parched earth and pray for rice.” This implies that the people in the poem are Angry Depressed Hungry Thirsty

21. 5. The persona speaking in the poem is A character in the poem An unbiased observer The author The man who watches over the country

22. 6. Modified True or False: The poem is written with a sarcastic tone. Explain your answer from the lines from the poem. 7. Describe the dramatic situation of the poem in no more than four sentences below. 8. List the allegorical elements in the poem and what these could relate to.

23. 9. Discuss in no more than five sentences how Bautista uses the idea of weight in the poem and how it affects the personalities in it. 10. What could the act of “getting up” refer to in the final lines of the poem? Discuss in no more than five sentences.

24. Answer a. Hyperbole c. It has been stolen d. The poverty in the country c. Hungry c. The author

25. 6. False, it wasn't written in a sarcastic tone. It was written in a tone of hope. "The man who watches over it has commanded all hopes, placed them in sack and tied its loose end." It paints a distinct picture of a poor Philippines. The poem somehow reflects the happenings during Martial Law. It also speaks how the government is that time.

26. 7. The dramatic situation of the poem is the hunger and poverty in our country. It shows how the government treats their people and how abusive they are in their power. They didn’t think what is the situation of their people because they only think is their selves and their money. In this poem the author shows how abusive the government is in our country.

27. 8. "Only the wind hears your useless words" - this shows how the government is made of corruption and bad politics. The government is aware of the needs of the people yet they seem not to hear the cries of the people. "Thinking of banana trees rotting in the sunlight" - this symbolizes those poor people who work so hard under the heat of the sun.

28. Those who live in poverty who experience so much hardships."You kneel on the parched earth and pray for rice." - this symbolizes the issue on hunger. No one can plant rice on parched earth, thus, no rice shall grow from it. And no rice means there is nothing to eat.

29. 9. In this poem it describe our society and the politics, were people are suffering from poverty. This shows how people suffer from the hand of Marcos. It depicts the selfishness of government, selfishness in human rights and freedom. The message shows hopelessness of the Filipinos. It also describe how abusive the government is.

30. 10. The act of getting up can be called miracle that one day everything will change. But only God knows how and when to resolved those mentioned issues. The history of these third world countries can be changed and written in a better color under the government of God's.

31. Group 6