Educational Policies in India.pdf

Educational Policies

1. MIT World Peace University
Department of Education
M.Ed. Program
Course:-MED: Policies and Economics of Education
Topic:-Educational policies in India After Independence
Prepared By
Dr. Sachin J. Sakhare

2. We have toLearn…..
•Educational Policies
•Main Education Commissions After Post-Independence
Period
•Indian Education Commission (1964-66)
•National Education Policy (1986)
•Salient Features of National Educational Policy 1986
•Important Question

3. Educational Policies:
•OnAugust15,1947Indiagained
independencefromtheBritish
Rule.Educationbecameapriority
ofIndiangovernmentafter
independence.
•Theconstitutioncameintoforce
on26thJanuary1950andIndia
becameaRepublicandfunctional
undertheguidelinesofthe
constitution.

4. Educational Policies in India:
Afterindependencemany
educationcommissionswere
formed,educationalpolicies
wereframedandcurriculum
frameworksweremade.

6. IndianEducationCommission(1964-66):
BackgroundofUniversityEducationCommission:
✓Toachievedevelopmentofeducationatnationallevel,variouslevelsof
educationanddepartmentsshouldbethoughtinteractively.
✓Toachievethis,GovernmentofIndiaformedIndianEducationCommission
underthechairmanshipofDr.DaulatSinghKotharion14thJuly1964

7. 3.IndianEducationCommission(1964-66):
National Education Commission
(1964-1966),popularlyknownasKothari
Commission,wasanadhoccommissionset
upbytheGovernmentofIndiatoexamineall
aspectsoftheeducationalsectorinIndia,to
developageneralpatternofeducation,andto
recommendguidelinesandpoliciesforthe
developmentofeducationinIndia.

8. Kothari
Commission
1964-66
Equity and
Access
Quality
Improvement
Vocational
Education
Establishment
of National
University
Modern
Technology
in Education

9. Major Objectives of Indian Education Commission:
(1)Tomakerecommendationsonrestructuringofeducation.
(2)Toprovideguidancerelatedtotheschooladmission,evaluationscheme,
interrelationbetweeneducationandlocalcommunity,curriculumandtextbook
etc.
(3)Togivedirectionsrelatedtoclassroomteachingandteachingmethods.
(4)Tosuggestrecommendationsregardingreligiousandmoraleducation.
(5)Toprovideguidancetoschoolsrelatedtoimportanceofsubjects,work
experienceandsocialservice.
(6)Torecommendregardingco-curricularactivitiesatschoolandcollegelevel.

10. MajorRecommendationsgivenbyIndianEducationCommission:
(1)Curriculumatpre-primarylevelshouldincludevariousgames,educational
processesandactivitybasedprogrammes.
(2)Textbooksandeducationalmaterialshouldbegivenfreeofcostinprimary
schools.
(3)Thereshouldbeaseparateandautonomousmechanismforproductionof
qualitytextbooks.
(4)Atupperprimarylevel,inadditiontowrittenexamination,thereshouldbean
oralexaminationandinternalevaluation.
(5)Vocationaleducationshouldformlargeportionofsecondaryeducation.

11. MajorRecommendationsgivenbyIndianEducationCommission:
(6)Mathematicsandscienceshouldbemadecompulsoryatthesecondarylevel.
(7)Theshouldincludesocialservice,workexperienceandArts.
(8)Studentsofstandard8thto10thshouldknowthreelanguages(mothertongue,
nationallanguage(Rashtrabhasha)andEnglish).
(9)Forevaluation,theStateBoardofExaminationshouldconductexternal
examinationsandawardcertificates.
(10)Englishshouldbethemediumofinstructioninmainuniversitiesatnational
level.
(11)Co-curricularactivitiesformimportantpartoftheschoolcurriculumwhich
shouldincludeactivitieslikeBalveer,Veerbala,NationalCadetCorpsetc.

13. 4. National Education Policy (1986):
BackgroundofNationalEducationPolicy:
✓IndianEducationCommission1966hasagreatimportance.Thisisbecausethe
commissionhasmaderecommendationsforpre-primarytohighereducationlevel.
✓Theeffortsweremadeforstrictimplementationoftheserecommendationsthatwere
importantforIndianEducationSystem.
✓Keepinginmindthecompetitionwithrespecttoglobal,financialandtechnological
progressanditsconstantchangesandIndia’sneedtoimbibedemocracy,socialand
financialequality,aneedwasfelttohaveaneweducationpolicy.

15. Major Objectives of National Educational Policy 1986:
•To strive for the development of personality with respect to physical, mental,
intellectual and aesthetic aspects.
•To cultivate scientific and democratic attitude.
•To build confidence in dealing with unfamiliar situations.
•To create awareness regarding physical, social, technological, cultural and
economic situations.
•To inculcate the principles of secularism and social justice.
•To develop sound mind for the spirit of dignity of labour.
•To develop the spirit of nationalism and a sense of devotion in the honourof
nation.
•To prepare students for international understanding and cohesion.
•To inculcate moral values

16. SalientFeaturesofNationalEducationalPolicy1986:
(1)Thenationalsystemofeducationi.e.10+2+3,acommonpatternofeducation
wasaccepted.
(2)Moreemphasiswasgivenonfree,compulsoryandqualityeducationtochildren
fromageof6to14.
(3)Underthecampaign'OperationBlackboard',basicminimumphysicalfacilities
andphysicalresourceswereprovidedineveryschool.
(4)NavodayaVidyalayastobesetuptoprovideopportunityofeducationto
childrenofruralareas.
(5)Openuniversitieswillbesetupforthosewhowereeducationallydeprivedbut
willingtopursuefurthereducation.

17. SalientFeaturesofNationalEducationalPolicy1986:
(6)Qualitybooksatlowcostwillbemadeavailabletoencouragestudents'creative
writingandreadinghabits.
(7)Adistrict-basedtraininginstitutewillbesetupforprimaryschoolteachers'
training.
(8)Anopportunitywillbeprovidedtobringdifferentlyabledpeopleinthe
mainstreamofeducation.
(9)Residentialschools,ashramschoolsforthestudentsoftheScheduledCastesand
ScheduledTribeswillbesetup.
(10)Prioritywillbegiventowomen'sprimaryeducation.Aprovisionforseparate
curriculum,jobsandemploymentforwomenwillbemade

18. SalientFeaturesofNationalEducationalPolicy1986:
(11)Moreemphasiswillbegivenonworkexperienceandphysicaleducationinthe
curriculum.
(12)ItwassuggestedthatimportancetoValueEducationwillbegiven.
(13)Following10coreelementswillbeincludedinthecurriculum.
HistoryofIndia’sfreedommovement
Constitutionalobligations
Contentessentialtonurturenationalidentity
India'scommonculturalheritage
Egalitarianism,DemocracyandSecularism
Equalityofsexes
Protectionofenvironment
Removalofsocialbarriers
Observanceofsmallfamilynorm
Inculcationofscientifictemper

19. Important Questions:
Long Question:
Explain the policies on Indian Education Commission (1964-66) and National
Education Policy (1986) with recommendation. -(10 Marks)
Short Notes:
Objectives of Indian Education Commission (1964-66)
Recommendations of National Education Policy (1986)

21. ▪References:
▪AncientIndianEducation –R.K.Mikharji
▪AHistoryofEducationinIndia (duringtheBritishperiod)byJ.P.Naikand
Nurulla
▪MinistryofEducation1964-66,EducationandNationalDevelopment
ReportofIndianEducationCommission,Govt. ofIndia, New Delhi.
▪NCERT(1987) InserviceTrainingPackageforSecondary TeachersMHRD,
NewDelhi.
▪Ministry of Education- Education Commission Report- 1964-66 Dr. Kothari
Commission

22. Thank You