EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF BRUNIEI DARUSSALAM.pptx

The presentation is about the educational system of Brunei Darussalam

1. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Southern Luzon State University COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION GRADUATE SCHOOL Lucban , Quezon

2. OBJECTIVE:

3. INTRODUCTION

4. INTRODUCTION

5. Geographical Sketch The state of Brunei Darussalam is situated on the North –West Cost of Borneo Islan d, 287 miles (442 kilometers) north of the equator. It covers an area of 2,226 sq. miles (5,769 sq. km), with a coastline of about 100 miles. It is bounded on the North by the South China Sea and on all the other sides by the Malaysian State of Sarawak Brunei Darussalam is comprised of four districts, namely Brunei/Muara, Tutong, Belait and Temburong . Bandar Seri Begawan is the capital of Brunei Darussalam, situated in the Brunei Muara district with an area of about 16 sq. km.

6. Geographical Sketch It is the centre of government and business activities. Brunei Darussalam is highly dependant on the production of crude oil and natural gas (Ministry of Education, 1989, p. 4). The state is the third largest oil producer in Southeast Asia, producing 163,000 barrels per day. It is also the fourth largest producer of liquefied natural gas in the world. The centre of oil and gas industry is in the Belait district, which covers an area of 1052 sq. miles. The other two districts are Tutong, with an area of 1,052 sq. miles, and Temburong covering 504 sq miles (Ministry of Education, 1989, p. 3).

7. A Glimpse to History of Brunei…….

8. A Glimpse to History of Brunei…….

9. A Glimpse to History of Brunei…….

10. A Glimpse to History of Brunei…….

11. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICSOF BRUNEI OFFICIAL COUNTRY NAME BRUNEI DARUSSALAM (Arabic for “Abode of Peace”) CAPITAL Bandar Seri Begawan REGION OCEANIA TOTAL LAND AREA 5, 765 km 2 POPULATION 433,208 (2018) TYPES OF GOVERNMENT Absolute Monarchy or Sultanate (Locally known as Malay Islamic Monarchy Language Standard Malay (Official Language and sole medium of instruction), English Religion Islam- 74% Christianity-26%

12. Government Fund in Education  BND759 million (RM2.33 billion) budget has been allocated for the Ministry of Education’s expenditure for the financial year of 2021-2022 and another BND29 million for development expenditure,

13. Dr. Shamsiah Zuraini Kanchanawati Haji Tajuddin Permanent Secretary (Core Education) at the Ministry of Education (MOE), Brunei Darussalam

14. Aims of Education 1.To foster the all-round development of each individual from the physical, mental, spiritual as well as aesthetic point of view in order to develop a Brunei citizen who will uphold the aspirations of the country; 2.To enable each individual to be fluent in Malay and devoted to the interests of the Malay language, whilst not neglecting English, in which proficiency is also essential; 3.To inculcate the teaching of Islam so that each individual will honor and be faithful to the Islamic religion and live according to its tenets;

15. Aims of Education 4. To cultivate in each individual a sense of loyalty to the Monarch, the country and the law and awareness of responsibility as a citizen, and the obligation to act upon that responsibility; 5.To cultivate in each individual the values and cultural norms of Brunei society, centered on the principle of a Malay Islamic Monarchy. 6.To instill a love of peace, harmony and mutual help and unity among the citizens and residents of the country;

16. Aims of Education 7. To instill in each individual the desire for progress, confidence in one’s own ability, creativity, innovativeness and sensitivity to contemporary change in the interests of adaptation to the demands of the age, consistent with the cultural values, ethics and goals of the country. 8. To accelerate the development of manpower resources that are capable, rational and responsible so that people can improve of their standard of living and make a contribution to the development of the country.

17. STRUCTURE OF SCHOOLING BRUNEI 1- pre school 6- primary school 3- lower secondary 2- upper secondary 2- pre tertiary *EDUCATION IS FREE THROUGHOUT INCLUDING UNIVERSITY ABROAD AND NOT COMPULSARY

18. GRADING SYSTEM

19. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

20. LET’S SEE HOW DO THEY QUALIFY TEACHERS…

21. LET’S SEE HOW DO THEY IMPROVE QUALITY OF TEACHERS Brunei Darussalam has taken several initiatives towards ensuring that teaching quality and standards can be improved and enhanced. The MOE has introduced the Brunei Standards, which is a set of teaching competencies designed to raise the quality of teaching, to improve the attainment of all students and the overall quality of education in Brunei Darussalam.

22. LET’S SEE HOW DO THEY IMPROVE QUALITY OF TEACHERS The Brunei Darussalam Teachers Academy (BDTA) aims to provide continuous and quality professional development programs that develop and build teachers’ capacity. This program is designed to develop the expertise of teachers in their respective teaching and learning, thereby promoting students’ excellence.

23. LET’S SEE HOW DO THEY IMPROVE QUALITY OF TEACHERS To evaluate its progress in ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education, Teacher Performance Appraisal is applied as performance descriptors for teaching competencies, with SAT used to measure students’ achievements and learning in literacy and numeracy

24. LET’S SEE HOW DO THEY IMPROVE QUALITY OF TEACHERS The MOE has newly established the Department of Educators Management to ensure the Ministry is supplied with highly skilled and successful human resource (teachers, school leaders and specialists) through a comprehensive and robust human resource management that focuses on four domains: 1.Development and implementation of rigorous and comprehensive selection and recruitment process of teachers. 2.Strategic deployment and redeployment of teachers and school leaders according to the needs and priority. 3.Career progression pathway for both teachers and school leaders 4.Succession planning projection and provision of pre-retirement programs to educators who are going to retire.

25. LET’S SEE HOW DO THEY IMPROVE QUALI TY OF TEACHERS The MOE has also embarked on the Literacy and Numeracy Coaching Program towards realizing SPN21 policy objectives on improving student learning outcomes in line with National Literacy and Numeracy Standards. The strategic objectives of this program are to achieve high quality English Language and Mathematics teaching; produce highly literate and numerate students; and a system empowered to deliver sustained improvements in literacy and numeracy In July 2019, 149 English Language and Mathematics teachers, 24 % beyond the targeted number, were accredited as Coaches, thus ensuring the sustainability of the program. These coaches comprised of a pool of selected teachers of the English Language and Mathematics who have completed a Coaching Integrated Professional Development for three phases (Accredited, Specialist and Expert) for up to 12-15 months and are supported via one-on-one in-school coaching based on specialization (English Language or Mathematics) and pedagogical approach using Teaching for Mastery Framework in English Language and Mathematics.

26. Future Challenges of the ES of Brunei Darussalam Brunei’s ES will face 2 major future challenges. To expand available educational resources and choices at all levels to match the demand both from its own population and the changing economy of Southeast Asia. Continuing dilemma of integrating historical and traditional(religion, monarchy, and “colonialism” as well as modern(liberalization and globalization) elements into a coherent educational infrastructure.

27. Preparations for the Challenges of 21 st Century Redefining Teachers Quality Redesigning Programmes Restructuring Institution

28. Sustainable Development Goal in the Educational System of Brunei Darussalam

29. Sustainable Development Goal in the Educational System of Brunei Darussalam Through the “Strategic Plan for 2018-2022”, the MOE has set its mission to deliver holistic education to achieve the fullest potential for all in line with its vision of “Quality Education, Dynamic Nation”. The country’s education aims to nurture each and every child, and to help students discover and maximize their talent, as well as to develop passion for lifelong learning.

30. FREE BASIC EDUCATION FOR ALL In ensuring inclusive and equal access to quality education, all children are provided free and compulsory basic education. In 2009, the MOE embarked on a new education system, the National Education System for the 21 st Century (SPN21), which implemented several changes to the education system, namely the education structure, curriculum and assessment as well as technical education. The SPN21 ensures that within broad learning areas, learners will develop knowledge, understanding and essential skills, with the attitudes and values to ensure holistic development within the context of the 21 st century.

31. FREE BASIC EDUCATION FOR ALL Brunei Darussalam implements of a policy of providing 12 years of education to all children. This consists of 1 year of pre school education, 6 years of primary education, 3 years of lower secondary and 2 years of upper secondary or vocational and technical education. Meanwhile, the Compulsory Education Act 2007 mandates for all children aged 6 to 14, irrespective of gender, race or abilities, to attend school regularly to ensure that children receive at least 9 years of formal education. Private and International education institutions also play key roles and make significant contributions to the National Education System, education up to the higher education.

32. EARLY EDUCATION In terms of improving access to quality early education, Brunei Darussalam has seen an increasing trend in the gross enrolment rate and net enrolment rate in pre-primary and primary education . The country has successfully achieved and mainted high pre-primary enrolment of five-year old children. School leaders actively engage parents at least eight months before the school year starts. Since 2014, the MOE has enhanced parenting education through the “School and Family Engagement (SAFE) Program” . Brunei Darussalam also introduced the Assistant Teacher Volunteer Program

33. INCLUSIVE EDUCATION In ensuring inclusive quality education for all students with special needs are provided with special education program at both primary and secondary mainstream government schools. The number of current students with special needs in these schools has reached to about 2,014 students. In 2008, the Model Inclusive Schools Project was introduced and implemented in selected primary and secondary schools, with the aim of improving access and participation for students with special needs.

34. LITERACY AND NUMERACY Since the formulation of education in 1912, Brunei Darussalam has made remarkable progress in its literacy rate. The basic literacy rate has increased from 69.4% in 1971, to 96.9% in 2016 and 97.2% in 2019. The Centralized Assessment Unit (CAU) at the MOE was formed to provide evidence-based data and comprehensive reports in improving pedagogy and students’ learning outcomes based on Student Assessment Trackers (SAT). The SAT is a standardized measure on literacy and numeracy that provides data which can be used to improve students’ competency. Brunei Darussalam also participated in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) for the first time in 2018 to measure its students’ proficiency in Reading, Mathematics and Science, benchmarking against 79 other countries and economies.

35. LITERACY AND NUMERACY Among the participating ASEAN Member States, Brunei Darussalam was ranked 3 rd in all domains of the PISA 2018. Overall results have placed Brunei Darussalam in the 60 th place for Reading, 51 st for Mathematics and 50 th for Science. Since 2016, the country has implemented the Brunei Darussalam Literacy and Numeracy Standard which provides a national benchmark for all schools implementing the SPN21 curriculum which include instruction, assessment, and intervention. Brunei Darussalam also continues to undertake several initiatives to improve literacy levels and quality of teaching of Early Literacy packs in joint collaboration with various ministries. The Language and Literature Bureau conducts an Early Literacy expectant parents on the importance of reading and early literacy.

36. LIFELONG LEARNING The MOE, through its Strategic Plan 2018-2022 is committed and dedicated in supporting Wawasan Brunei 2035 to develop a knowledge-based society through increasing the opportunities to lifelong learning (LLL) and encouraging its people to embrace the concept of LLL throughout their life and work. Realizing the importance of such pursuit of knowledge in Brunei Darussalam, the MOE has established the Lifelong Learning Center, known as the L 3 Center. This center oversees the LLL programs and activities conducted by various LLL centers and providers and acts as a one-stop information center for LLL program and activities in the country. There are several other LLL centers under the MOE, which also support the Ministry’s strategic initiatives through their LLL programs and activities such as the Center for Lifelong Learning at Universiti Brunie Darussalam (UBD), Leadership and Lifelong Learning Center at Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali (UNISSA), Tri- Ced at Universiti Teknologi Brunei (UTB), and Continuing Education and Training Under the Institute of Brunei Technical Education (BTECET)

37. OPPORTUNITIES FOR FURTHER EDUCATION Brunei Darussalam offers various alternative programs for its post-secondary students to cater to their strengths and interests. Its local universities, UBD, UTB and UNISSA, offer numerous undergraduate and postgraduate degree programs. As a reflection of their progress and development, both UBD and UTB are young universities that have recently been highly ranked in the QS World University Rankings and the QS Asian University Rankings. On the other hand, Politeknik Brunei (PB) was established to cater to the needs of young Bruneians with Level 5 Diploma qualifications. Consecutively, Brunei Darussalam’s Technical Education Transformation resulted in the establishment of the IBTE.

38. OPPORTUNITIES FOR FURTHER EDUCATION Both of these Technical and Vocational Education Training institutions adhere to a demand-driven approach that follows the Brunei Darussalam Qualification Framework. This framework was developed together with stakeholders to ensure alignment with industry needs. There are also opportunities to pursue further education at private higher education institutions such as Laksamana College of Business, Kemuda Institute, Micronet International College, International Graduate Studies College, Cosmopolitan College of Commerce and Technology, Mahakarya Institutes of the Arts Asia, HADtech College and BICPA-FTMS Accountancy Academy.

39. SUSTAINABLE EDUCATION In progressing towards the acquisition of 4 th Industrial Revolution Skills, the Ministry’s Science, Technology and Environmental Partnership (STEP) Center provides a value-added platform for schools and assists teachers in encouraging and increasing the involvement of students in quality STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) activities and programs. One of their initiatives was the Green School Gardening (GSG)

40. GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP To enhance the global partnership for development, the Government offers scholarships for international students to pursue higher level education in various academic institutions in Brunei Darussalma. The UBD undergraduate Research Scholarship is awarded to outstanding scholars, students and professionals to undertake graduate study and advanced research in UBD. The scholarship provides Bruneian and non-Bruneian candidates with the unique opportunity to pursue their academic and research goals and network extensively with international researchers.

41. GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP Brunei Darussalam also continues to collaborate through policy discussions, sharing of best practices, and technical cooperation with its regional and international partners such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Asia-Pacific Economic Ministers Meeting to ensure a quality workforce that are benchmarked against global standards.

42. GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP In progressing towards Wawasan Brunie 2015, the Government will continue to invest in its people by providing equal and equitable access to education that will not only meet the needs of individuals, but also develop younger generations equipped with 21 st century skills and Malay Islamic Monarchy driven values that are required for them to be future ready.

43. CONCLUSION As the smallest country among the Southeast Asian Countries in terms of population, Brunei Darussalam clearly sets out its education policy aiming at quality education for all. One of its primary aims is to provide a minimum of 12 years of education for every Brunei a child, covering 7 years primary and pre-school , 3 years lower secondary school and 2 years on upper secondary or in a vocational /technical college. They even provide the basic needs of their citizens to make sure that all of them will be literate although schooling there is not compulsory. They don’t have serious problems when it comes to education since the government provide what they need.

44. QUESTIONS TO PONDER 1.As part of the sustainable development goal of Brunei Darussalam, how does their educational system help in ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education? 2. What are the practices in the educational system of Brunei Darussalam similar to ours in terms of projects or programs ?

45. References: 2020 United Nations High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development Voluntary National Review Report of Brunei Darussalam www.studycountry.com/guide/KR-history.htm http://www.studycountry.com/guide/BN-education.htm https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/465c/225a7070d9ff272b0d4c7be8858c00044617.pdf https://tradingeconomics.com/brunei/public-spending-on-education-total-percent-of-gdp-wb-data.html https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137455536_2 http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002460/246052E.pdf http://ice-moeth2017.seameo.org/presentation/ST1/ST1_02_Dr%20Shamsiah.pdf

46. THANK YOU!