empower woman make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men

make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men
make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of menmake them capable of deciding for themsg

1. The indicators of the
empowerment of women in the
21
st
century

2. Contents
Introduction
Women empowerment, why??
Types of women empowerment
Ways to achieve women empowerment
Indicators of women empowerment
Conclusions
1

3. Womenempowerment
Women’sempowermentisoutcomeofseveral
importantcritiquesanddebatesgeneratedbywomen
movementsthroughouttheworld,andparticularlyby
thirdworldfeminists
Itisaprocessbywhichwomenstrengthentheir
capacityindividuallyandcollectivelytoidentify,
understand,andovercomegenderdiscrimination,thus
takingcontroloftheirlives.
Introduction
2

4. Introduction
Indicators
Indicators are criteria or measures against which changes
can be assessed. They may be pointers, facts, numbers,
opinions or perceptions –used to signify changes in specific
conditions or progress towards particular objectives.
Types:
(i)QuantitativeIndicators;
(drawnfromcensuses,surveys)
(ii)Qualitative indicators;
(collected from focus groups, social mapping, and interviews)
3

5. Women Empowerment, Why ?
4

6. Women Empowerment, Why ?
5

7. Girlshavefeweropportunitiestoreceiveaneducationin
developingcountriesduetolimitedresourcesandgender
parity
Womenexperienceterrorwhenwalkingaloneundermoon
andsomeplaces,evenundersun.
Financialempowermentofwomenspurseconomicgrowth
withincountry
Ifwomenareempowered,thatfreesmenfromthe
mountingpressuretobetheprimarybread-earner
Need for Women Empowerment
6

8. Types of Women Empowerment
7

9. Ways to Empower Women
8

10. Ways to Empower Women
9

11. Constraints in Women Empowerment
10
Lackofeducation
Traditionalviewlimitparticipation
Financialconstraints
Familyresponsibilities
Lowmobility
Lowabilitytobearrisk
Lowsocialstatus
Conflictsamongwomen’sgroups

12. Qualitative indicators for women empowerment
i.Increaseinself-esteem,individualandcollective
confidence
ii.Articulationonwomen’shealth,nutrition,reproductive
rights,legalrights,literacy
iii.Changingrolesandresponsibilitiesinthefamilyandinthe
community
iv.Changingnatureandtypeofviolenceagainstwomen
v.Socialnormsandmilieuagainstwomen
vi.Negotiationsbywomenindomestic,personaland
professionalresponsibility
vii.Accesstoandabilitytogatherinformationandknowledge
11

13. vii.Cohesiveandarticulatewomen’sgroup/organizationsat
differentpoliticalandgeographicallevels.
viii.Changesinsocialattitudesamongstthecommunity
memberstowardsdiscriminationagainstwomenandthe
girl-child
ix.Awarenessandrecognitionofwomen’seconomic
contributionwithinandoutsidethehousehold
x.Women’sdecision-makingoverthekindofworksheis
doing‘isherincomeandexpenditureinhercontroloris
shestillsubservienttomalemembers
--andsoon--
Qualitative indicators for women empowerment
12

14. Quantitative indicators for women empowerment
i.Demographicdetailssuchas;
•Mental/mortalityrates
•Fertilityrates
•Lifeexpectancyatbirth
•Averageageofmarriage
ii.Womenparticipatinginpolicymakingbodiesandprograms
iii.Extentofaccesstoandcontrolovercommunity
resources/governmentschemes/services
iv.Male/femaleliteracylevels-primary,secondaryandadult
literacyenrollmentandretentionrates
v.Participationinpoliticsandhouseofparliament
--andsoon--
13

15. Indicators for women empowerment in 21
st
century
14

16. 15

17. 1.Womenrepresenthalfoftheworld’spopulationandgender
inequalityexistsineverynationontheplanet
2.Untilthewomenaregiventhesameopportunitiesthatmenare,
entiresocietieswillbedestinedtoperformbelowtheirtrue
potentials.
3.Thegreatestneedofthehourischangeofsocialattitudeto
women.
4.Dreamofwomenempowermentshallnotbefulfillunlessthey
areempoweredtoplayequaldecisiveandappropriaterolein
thefamily,whichisthebasicunitofempowerment.
Conclusions
16