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1. STEPS FOR STUDYING A TEXT Secondary school students, baccalaureate and adult students (vocational training, university, entrance exams...)

2. READING AS THE MAIN INGREDIENT

3. 6 STEPS 01 INITIAL APPROACH 02 RAPID READING 03 READING FOR COMPREHENSION 04 OUTLINE OR SUMMARY 05 INITIAL MEMORIZATION 06 MEMORIZATION AND REVIEW

4. WHAT MATTERS MOST WHEN STUDYING A TEXT READING AS THE MAIN INGREDIENT Study techniques are not just outlines and summaries. Of the many mistakes made, the most important one is the lack of reading for understanding. The following steps are usually followed: Reading superficially once or twice Drawing up an outline which does not serve as a script Trying to memorise again and again, unsuccessfully. A lot of time is usually devoted to the final point. However, reading must be the basis: it is very hard to assimilate information which is not understood

5. INITIAL APPROACH 01

6. STEP 01 INITIAL APPROACH TO THE TEXT Take a quick look before you start reading, like warming up before a race. Important to revise : The title: What is the text about? What am I going to learn? The sections and subsections it consists of Important boxes, tables or graphs Deduce in a few minutes the theme of the text. If the theme is of interest, it can be used to look for additional information, relate with prior information (for example, if it is the theme of a subject, relate with a previous or subsequent theme). If it is a theme with lots of sections and subsections, before carrying on, a short table of contents can be drawn up ONLY with the titles and leave it visible whilst carrying out the successive readings. It is important to devote the necessary time to this step: the more complex the text, the more necessary this is

7. RAPID READING 02

8. STEP 02 RAPID READING Normal or superficial reading, without stopping anywhere to underline or note down, but reading the full text from start to finish. This stage will be the warming up

9. READING FOR COMPREHENSION 03

10. STEP 03 READING FOR COMPREHENSION This is not just one reading, but there is no specific number. It means reading in detail, paragraph by paragraph, word by word, inspecting the text and taking out all the information required to understand it as clearly as possible This reading includes: Underlining and highlighting: there is no perfect way of underlining, but it is important for the underlining to offer the visual information required to, in just one glance, remember and locate relevant information, which will facilitate the next step. Notes in the margin Search for information

11. OUTLINE OR SUMMARY 04

12. STEP 04 OUTLINE OR SUMMARY Don’t do it until you have understood fully. Differentiating between the outline that you do for your teacher and the one you do for yourself. The latter should be personalised. Although there are several types (summary, development outline, key outline…), each person must use whatever helps them most (which shall also depend on the study objective) What matters most is for the outline to be used as a script to be memorised: The aim is to reduce the text information and be left with something smaller, but which contains all the information which needs to be remembered A good outline must be effective: a script so you don’t have to go back to the text every time

13. INITIAL MEMORIZATION 05

14. STEP 05 INITIAL MEMORIZATION Use the outline or summary as a script and verify whether it can be used to remember what was read. If you need to go to the text constantly to remember, then the outline is not effective. You will have to include the information that is missing

15. MEMORIZATION AND REVIEW 06

16. STEP 6 MEMORIZATION AND REVIEW You can study in a quiet voice, but talk out loud (which is called the production effect). It is more effective to move around the room talking out loud, act like the teacher, record a video or audio or present to someone else Studying in motion also promotes memorization A review is the successive memorization repetitions on subsequent days It is important to study sufficiently in advance to carry out the necessary reviews before the day of the exam

17. FINAL TIPS HOW AND HOW MUCH TO STUDY COMPLEXITY OF THE CONTEXT STUDENT’S ABILITY CONCENTRATION LEVEL STUDY OBJECTIVE The number of readings required shall depend on:

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