English Grammar Present Perfect Tense.pptx

It is a presentation about Present perfect tense with usages. It also contain a vocabulary section and Idioms.

1. Present Perfect Tense Mohammad Elham Azimi

2. Present Perfect Tense An aspect of the verb expressing an action that began in the past and which has recently been completed or continues into the present. Also known as the present perfective or it shows and action that has just completed. The present perfect is formed by combining has or have with a past participle (Usually a verb ending in –d, - ed , or –n).

3. Structure Subject + have/has + past participle form of verb (3rd form) + object. Example 1- He has eaten rice. 2- He has gone to college. 3- Mother has cooked rice. 4- We have played Cricket.

4. Use of Auxiliary Verb For third person singular number( He,she,It ):has For others (plural subjects, I, we, you, they): have Negative Structure Subject + have not/ has not + past participle form of verb + object/extension. Example 1- He has not eaten rice. (He hasn’t eaten rice.) 2- He has not gone to college. (He hasn’t gone to college.) 3- Mother has not cooked rice. (Mother hasn’t cooked rice.) 4- We have not played cricket. (We haven’t played cricket.)

5. Interrogative Structure Have/has + subject + past participle form of verb + object/Extension Example 1- Has he eaten rice? 2- Have I gone to school? 3- Has mother cooked rice? 4- Have we played cricket?

6. Negative Interrogative Structure Have/has + subject + not + past participle form of verb + object/extension Example 1- Has he not eaten rice? 2- Have I not gone to school? 3- Has mother not cooked rice? 4- Have we not played cricket?

7. The Usages of the Present Perfect Tense

8. The Usages of the Present Perfect Tense 1- We use the present perfect tense for those recent past actions which started in the past and completed in the past at an unknown/unstated time or where time is not important to mention. Example 1- He has gone to knadagar . 2- They have bought a new car. 3- I have eaten food. 3- We have met them.

9. The Usages of the Present Perfect Tense 2- We use the present perfect tense even with specified time when we talk about an action which happened in the recent past but still the same period continues in the present till the time of speaking. Example 1- I have met my many friends today. 2- I have worked too much this morning. 3- The scientists have made many discoveries in this century.

10. The Usages of the Present Perfect Tense It expresses an action, which started at some times in the past, continuous to the present and may or may not go to the future. • Teach, Live, know, work, be are known as durative verbs, which are used to indicate duration of an action.

11. What is the difference between Present Perfect Tense and Simple Past Tense?

12. Present Perfect Tense Simple Past Tense Focus: Links past actions to the present Focus: Emphasizes completed actions in the past Time Reference: No specific time is mentioned Time Reference: A specific time is usually mentioned. Structure: has/have + past participle (e.g., “have eaten”) Structure: Verb + -ed (for regular verbs) or irregular verb form (e.g., “ate”) Use: Actions with present relevance or impact. Use: Describes actions that are finished and not related to the present. Actions that started in the past and continue. Often includes a specific time frame (e.g., “yesterday,” last year”) Can describe experiences without specifying when. Describes completed actions in the past. Example: I have visited Paris. Example: I visited Paris last year.

13. Answer the Questions Answer these questions in Present Perfect Tense 1. Have you ever traveled to a foreign country? 2. What are some books you have read recently? 3. Have you ever seen a live concert? 4. How many languages have you learned so far?

14. Answer the Questions 5. Have you ever tried a new type of food? 6. What places have you visited during your summer break? 7. Have you met any famous people in person? 8. How often have you practiced playing a musical instrument? 9. Have you ever volunteered for a community project? 10. What experiences have you gained from your part-time job?

15. Thank You

16. Vocabulary

17. Northern ( Adj ) If something is northern, it is in the direction of north. Example : It is much colder in northern countries than it is here.

18. Remote ( adj ) If something is remote, it is very far away and difficult to get to. Example : It took many days to get to the remote island.

19. Southern ( adj ) If something is southern, it is in the direction of south . Example: Afghanistan has many southern provinces.

20. Statue (n.) A statue is an image of a person or animal made of stone or metal. Example: I saw a beautiful statue of a lion today.

21. Steam (n.) Steam is water that has become hot and has turned into a misty gas. Example: We could see the steam rise from the boiling water.

22. Submit (v) To submit to someone is to agree to do what they tell you to do Example: She submitted to her mother’s wishes and did her homework.

23. Temple (n) A temple is a building that is used for religious purposes. Example: The people visited the temple to pray.

24. Upper ( adj ) Upper means higher in position or place Example: A home’s attic is at the upper part of the structure.

25. Weed (n) A weed is a plant, especially one that is not useful or wanted Example: The yard of the house was full of ugly weeds.

26. Wing (n) A wing is the part of an animal that lets it fly. Example: The bird used its wings to fly across the water.

27. Idioms

28. Sitting duck Someone who is easy to attack or easy to cheat Example: We are sitting duck here exposed to the enemy’s fire.

29. Sell someone down the river To betray someone Example: I can never sell my friends down the river

30. Phrasal Verb

31. Dress down To wear clothes which are more informal than one normally wears Example: I think I was dressed down for that important interview.

32. Dress up To wear special Clothes Example: Everyone was dressed up for the party elegantly.