English ppt. on journey to the end of world and thest ppt in the world

English

1. Chapter – 3 (Vistas) JOURNEY TO THE END OF THE EARTH By: JITENDRA PATEL

2. Summary The author started her journey in a Russian research vessel, ‘ Akademic Shokalskiy ’ bound for Antarctica. Her journey began 13.09 degrees north of the Equator in Madras. She travelled over 100 hours in combination of car, aeroplane and ship before she set foot on the Antarctic continent. Akademic Shokalskiy

3. The purpose of the visit was to know more about Antarctica. The author stayed there for two weeks. It is a place which stores 90 percent of the Earth’s total ice volumes. It has no trees, billboards or buildings. The visual scene ranges from the microscopic to the mighty. Days go on and on in 24 hour austral summer light. Silence pervades everywhere. It is broken only by an avalanche or calving ice-sheet.

4. Six hundred and fifty million years ago, a giant southern supercontinent- Gondwana - did exist. It was centred roughly around present day Antarctica. There were a variety of flora and fauna. Humans had not arrived on the global scene yet. Gondwana thrived for 500 million years. Then came the time when the dinosaurs were wiped out and the age of mammals began. The landmasses to separated into countries, shaping the world much as we know it today.

5. Climate change is one of the most hotly contested environmental debates of our time. If we want to study the Earth’s past, present and future, Antarctica is the place to go as it holds half-million-year-old carbon records trapped in its layers if ice. Climate Change – Melting Earth

6. Antarctica has a simple eco-system and lacks of biodiversity. It is the perfect place to study how little changes in the environment can have big repercussions. Scientists warn that a further depletion of the ozone layer will affect the lives of the sea-animals and birds of the region. It will also affect the global carbon cycle. The burning of fossil fuels has polluted the atmosphere. It has created a blanket of carbon dioxide around the world. It is increasing the global temperature which is visible at Antarctica when we see ice bergs melting away. It shows how minor changes in the atmosphere can cause huge effect. If the global temperature keeps on increasing, the human race may be in peril.

7. The author gives us an example of phytoplankton to show how small changes in the atmosphere can be threatening. The microscopic phytoplankton are single celled plants. They nourish and sustain the entire Southern Ocean’s food chain. They use the sun’s energy to assimilate carbon and supply oxygen. Any further depletion in the ozone layer may affect this functioning and indirectly affect the lives of all marine animals. Phytoplankton

8. When the author returned, she was still wondering about the beauty of balance in play on our planet. Walk on the Ocean was the most thrilling experience of the visit. They were walking on a meter-thick ice-pack. Seals were enjoying themselves in the sun on ice. The narrator was wondering about the beauty of the place. She wished it would become a warm place again as it used to be millions of years ago. If it happens, the results can be catastrophic.

9. Students of ‘Students on Ice’ programme walking on the ocean.

10. Kudos to you boys. I hope that you all have now well understood the lesson. Let us proceed with the assignment for the day.

11. Thank you