Environmental-Challenges-Pakistan-19052025-030015pm.pptx

envrivoment

1. Environmental Challenges in Pakistan

2. Introduction Pakistan is among the top 10 most climate-vulnerable countries. Contributes <1% to global emissions, but faces severe environmental threats. Objectives of this presentation : - Identify key environmental issues. - Understand socio-economic impacts. - Explore solutions for resilience.

3. Major Environmental Issues 1. Water Scarcity – approaching absolute scarcity (<500 m³/capita). 2. Air Pollution – High AQI in cities like Lahore, Karachi. 3. Deforestation – Forest cover <5%, soil erosion, biodiversity loss. 4. Glacial Melting – GLOFs in northern areas. 5. Extreme Weather Events – Heatwaves, floods, droughts.

4. Water and Air Pollution Water Issues: - Poor management, groundwater depletion. - Impact: agriculture, food security. Air Pollution: - Causes: traffic, industry, crop burning. - Impact: respiratory diseases, reduced productivity.

5. Forest Loss and Glacial Melting Deforestation: - Urbanization, illegal logging. - Consequences: erosion, habitat loss. Glacial Melting: - Over 7,000 glaciers under threat. - Risks: flash floods, infrastructure damage.

6. Socio-Economic Impacts Agriculture: Climate-sensitive sector, rising food insecurity. Health: Pollution-related diseases, healthcare strain. Economy : Floods in 2022 cost $30+ billion. Urban Vulnerability: Flooding, heat stress in cities. Displacement: Climate migration increases urban pressure.

7. Policy and Governance for Resilience Key Frameworks: National Climate Change Policy (NCCP). Climate Change Act 2017. Actions Needed: Provincial coordination. Enforcing environmental regulations.

8. Water, Energy, and Urban Planning Water Management: - Small dams, rain harvesting, irrigation reforms. Renewable Energy: - Solar, wind, hydro to replace fossil fuels. Urban Resilience: - Green infrastructure, waste management, zoning.

9. Community Awareness & Global Support Education: Climate literacy in schools/universities. Community Involvement: Local adaptation initiatives. International Aid: Access climate finance (GCF, Loss and Damage Fund).

10. Conclusion P akistan faces environmental, social, and economic risks . Urgent action needed in policy, planning, and community awareness. Resilience is possible with collective efforts and strategic investment .