CONTENTS About the Theorist Content of the Theory MAJOR CONCEPTS IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES Metaparadigm of theory Nursing Person Health Environment Model (Theoretical/Conceptual) Application of the Theory Nursing Practice Nursing Education References
“Caritative caring means that we take “caritas” into use when caring for the human being in health and suffering.... Caritative caring is a manifestation of the love that ‘just exists’ ... Caring communion, true caring, occurs when the one caring in a spirit of caritas alleviates the suffering of the patient”(Erikssons, 1992, pp. 204,207) Introduction
Eriksson was born on November 18, 1943 , in Jakobstad, Finland . She belong to the Finland Swedish minority in Finland, and her native language is Swedish. She is a 1965 graduate of the Helsinki Swedish School of Nursing, and in 1967, she completed her public health nursing specialty education at the same institution. KATIE ERIKSSON
CAREER Eriksson’s caritas-based theory and her whole caring science thinking have developed over the course of 30 years. Characteristic of her thinking is that while she is working at an abstract level developing concepts and theory, the theory is rooted in clinical reality and teaching. The ultimate goal of caring is to alleviate suffering and serve life and health.
2. CONTENT OF THE THEORY 2.1 MAJOR CONCEPTS
Major Concepts Caritative Caring Ethics Caring Communion Suffering related to illness, to care, and to life Suffering Invitation The Act of Caring Dignity Caritas The Suffering Human Being Reconciliation Caring Culture
In the caritative caring theory, the substance and core of caring are described as ' to care is to tend, play and learn in faith, hope and love. The starting point is love, mercy, human kindness, compassion, and a caring relationship. Eriksson seeks answers to the 'what' of suffering through concept analysis, but she also discusses the 'why' question. Each suffering is unique. There is a connection between suffering and desire, where suffering gives birth to an unsuspected life power tha not seen as having any other source than suffering itself.
3. METAPARADIGM OF THEORY
NURSING Eriksson emphasizes that caritative caring relates to the innermost core of nursing. Nursing care is based on the nursing care process, and it represents good care only when it is based on the innermost core of caring. Caring nursing represents a kind of caring without prejudice that emphasizes the patient and his or her suffering and desires
PERSON Eriksson stresses the the necessity of understanding the human being in his ontological concept, a suffering human being. Eriksson defines health as soundness, freshness, and well-being. The subjective dimension, or well-being, is emphasized strongly. HEALTH
ENVIRONMENT Eriksson thinks that ethos means that we feel called to serve a particular task. This ethos she sees as the core of caring culture. Ethos, which forms the basic force in caring culture, reflects the prevailing priority of values through which the basic foundations of ethics and ethical actions appear.
4. MODEL (THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL)
CARING CONCEPTUAL MODEL HEALTH The Core of Caritative Caring Theory SUFFERING THE HUMAN BEING ETHOS
Since the 1970s, Eriksson's nursing care process model was systematically used, tested, and developed as a basis of nursing care and documentation at Helsinki University Central Hospital NURSING PRACTICE Eriksson's thinking has been influential in nursing leadership and nursing administration, where the caritative theory of nursing forms the core of the development of nursing leadership at various levels of the nursing organization.
Because Eriksson's thinking and process model of caring are general, the nursing care process model has proved to be applicable in all contexts of caring, from acute clinical caring and psychiatric care to health promoting and preventive care. Several nursing units in the Nordic countries have based their practice and caring philosophy on Eriksson's ideas and her caritative theory of caring.
Eriksson's theory has been integrated into the education of nurses at various levels, and her books have been included continuously in the examination requirements in various forms of nursing education in the Nordic countries Nowadays, academic courses in caring science based on Eriksson's theory are offered as part of continuing education for those who work in clinical practice. Approximately 200 nurses take part annually in these academic courses.
REFERENCES Lindstrom, U., Nystrom, L.L., & Zetterlund, J. (2017). Theory of caritative caring. https://nursekey.com/11-theory-of-caritative-caring/ Alligood, M.R. (2022). Nursing Theorists and Their Work: TENTH EDITION Bergbom I., Naden. D., & Nystrom L. (2022). Katie Erikson's caring theories. Part 2. The theory of caritative caring ethics and the theory of evidence. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 10.1111/scs.13036. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34609017/#:~:text=In%20the%20caritative%20cari ng%20theory,compassion%20and%20a%20caring%20 relationship.