ESS 4203 APA Citation WRITING A TUTORIAL PAPER 2024.pptx

cititation

1. WRITING A TUTORIAL PAPER Introduction, conclusion and references

2. Writing your Tutorial Paper/report A report is a systematic, well organized document which defines and analyses a subject or problem. Reports must always be: accurate, concise, clear and well structured.

3. Writing your Research Report Report structure Reports are written in sections with headings and sub-headings, which are usually numbered. Here are some guidelines for structuring your report.

4. Components of the Report Title page  (always included) This should normally include the title, your name and the name of the tutor to whom it is being submitted, date of submission, your course/department. Avoid “fancy” fonts and effects.

5. Components of your Report Contents page  (always included in reports of 4+ pages). A clear, well-formatted list of all the sections and sub-sections of the report. Don’t forget to put the page numbers!

6. Components of your Report If applicable, there should be a separate list of tables, figures, illustrations and/or appendices after the main index. Make sure that the headings in this list correspond exactly with those in your main body. 

7. Components of your Report Introduction  (always included) This should show that you have fully understood the task/brief and that you are going to cover everything required. Indicate the basic structure of the report. 

8. Components of your Report Introduction continued You should include just a little background/context and indicate the reasons for writing the report. Your introduction will often give an indication of the conclusion to the report.

9. Components of your Report Main body/findings  (always included) This is the substance of your report. The structure will vary according to the nature of the material being presented, with headings and sub-headings used to clearly indicate the different sections.

10. Components of your Report Main body/findings   It is not sufficient to simply describe a situation. The reader will be looking for analysis and for a critical approach, when appropriate.

11. Components of your Report Main body Charts, diagrams and tables can be used to reinforce your arguments, although sometimes it may be better to include these as an appendix (particularly if they are long or complicated).

12. Components of your Report Main body Do not include opinions, conclusions or recommendations in this section.

13. Components of your Report Conclusion  ( always included ) Your conclusion should draw out the implications of your findings, with deductions based on the facts described in your main body. Don’t include any new material here.

14. Components of your Report Recommendations  ( sometimes included ) These should follow on logically from your conclusion and be specific, measurable and achievable.

15. Components of your Report Recommendations continued They should propose how the situation/problem could be improved by suggesting action to be taken. Recommendations can be numbered if you wish.

16. Components of your Report References  (always included) This is a list giving the full details of all the sources to which you have made reference within your text. Use APA style conventions.

17. Components of your Report Appendices  (sometimes included) An appendix (plural=appendices) is detailed documentation of points you outline in your findings, for example, technical data, questionnaires, letters sent, tables, sketches, charts, leaflets etc.

18. Components of your Report Appendices It is supplementary information which you consider to be too long or complicated or not quite relevant enough to include in your main body, but which still should be of interest to your reader.

19. Components of your Report Each appendix should be referred to in your text/main body. You should not include something as an appendix if it is not discussed in the main body.

20. Components of your Report Each appendix must be labelled with a letter(A, B, C, etc.)according to where it appears in the paper. The first appendix referred to in the paper would be labelled Appendix A.

21. Components of your Report If there is only one appendix, it is, just called Appendix.

22. Tips for writing the introduction to your research/tutorial paper A good introduction should do the following things: Identify your topic. Explain the purpose and scope of your work.

23. Tips for writing the introduction to your research/tutorial paper A good introduction should Provide essential context. Hold your readers/listeners interest.

24. Elements of a good introduction There is no set format for an introduction. It may vary depending on the type of research and length of paper. These elements are often found in an introduction : Definition of key terms, if needed. Brief, relevant background information.

25. Elements of a good introduction Purpose/aim of the paper. Any limitations you imposed. The organization of your work.

26. Opening sentences The opening sentence should be general, yet help the reader to focus on the topic . Examples 1. Currently(time phrase), the control of water resources (topic) has emerged as a potential cause of international friction(development).

27. Opening sentences Examples continued 2. Bullying ( topic) is a serious problem among adolescence (development). 3. Since 2008 (time phrase), electric vehicles(topic) have become a serious commercial proposition.

28. Concluding your research/tutorial paper Your conclusion should do the following: Summarize the arguments of your paper. Cement your arguments.

29. Concluding your research/tutorial paper Your conclusion should do the following: Make it clear to your readers that the original question has been answered. Note: You should not introduce new ideas or things not presented in the body of your paper.

30. Referencing APA citation style (American Psychological Association) 7 th . Ed. Student paper Examples Book(print) Author, A. A. (year). Title of work. Publisher. Zevin,J .(2007). Social Studies for the Twenty- First Century. Lawrence Erlbaum.

31. Referencing continued Book (on-line) Author, A. A. (year). Title of work . Retrieved from http://www.xxxxxxxx. Burton, R. (1832). The anatomy of melancholy.   Retrieved from http://extet.library.adelaide.edu.au/b/burton/robert/melancholy/

32. Referencing continued Edited book Editor, A. A. (Ed.). (year). Title of work . Publisher. Ross, E.(Ed.).(2006). The Social Studies Curriculum. SUNY Press.

33. Referencing continued No author or editor. If there are no authors or editors, move the title to that position. Psychological effects of cocaine and crack addiction.”A survey of the psychological side of so-called designer drugs”. (1999). Philadelphia,PA: Chelsea House.

34. Referencing continued Journal article Author, ,A.A.,(year). Article title. Journal Title, volume number(issue number), page no. Srebalus , D.& Schwartz,J.L. (1996). Youth Violence in Rural Schools: Counselor Perceptions and Treatment Resources. School Counselor,44(1).

35. Referencing Continued Newspaper Student assaults teachers with wood(2004, Nov.10). Stabroek News.

36. References APA Referencing guide. Retrieved from www.usq.edu.au/ library/referencing/ apa -referencing-guide Bailey, S. (2011). Academic Writing. A Handbook for International Students. London: Routledge . Writing Guide: Introduction and Conclusion. Retrieved from www.usu.edu/markdamen/ writingguide /24into.htm H.S. H.S 2014