The Workplace Conditions And Safety Climate Related...
The workplace conditions and safety climate related programmes, especially in emerging
industrial countries, are remained poorly neglected (Bosak, Coetsee, Cullinane, 2013) . For
instance, Indonesia as an emerging country has three major issues regarding safety climate,
including labour market, security and quality of the working environment issues, such as poorly
paid salary and wages, long working hours, accidents, etc. (OECD, 2014). In fact, Jamsostek
(2013) reports that work accidents in Indonesia has been increasing to one point seventy six
percent per year (p.82). For example, in 2013 there were 103.285 accidents or 283 accidents per
day with a total claim of 563.44b rupiah or equivalent to US$ 56.344m (Jamsostek, 2013, p. 110)....
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Accordingly, employee s safety issue is not only related to physical factor but also psychological
factors. Hence, it may argue that working environments may relate to psychological safety of the
employees (Law, Dollard, Tuckey, Dormann, 2011). Furthermore, several authors have argued
that psychological safety of the employees may have an impact on other factors, such as
employee s efficacy (Al Refaie, 2013; Chen Chen, 2014; Christian, Bradley, Wallace, Burke,
2009) and performance (Baer Frese, 2003; A. Carmeli Gittell, 2009; Edmondson, 1999). For
example, when an employee has got unsafe condition at work psychologically, it will affect his
/her self confidence to perform the job effectively and indeed, it may affect the performance of
the company. Hence, it may argue that these three factors (i.e. psychological safety, self efficacy
and performance) are related. Although there has been increasing focus on studying Psychological
safety (Amponsah Tawiah et al., 2013; Brown Leigh, 1996; Edmondson, 1999; Kahn, 1990; May,
Gilson, Harter, 2004; Tynan, 2005), self efficacy (Bandura, 1982; Elias, Barney, Bishop, 2013;
Jones, 1986; Riggs Knight, 1994; Wang, Tsai, Tsai, 2014) and organisational performance
(Abraham Carmeli Tishler, 2004; Meglio Risberg, 2011) albeit disjointedly, however, a number of
questions about the
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