ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN ACADEMIC WRITING.pptx

academic writing and publishing

1. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS FUNDAMENTALS OF ACADEMIC WRITING Jerwin G. Mojico MAED-ELT

2. Identify key ethical considerations in Academic Writing Examine common ethical issues in academic writing. LEARNING OUTCOMES:

3. Ethical considerations in academic writing involve adhering to standards and practices that ensure the integrity and credibility of your work. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN ACADEMIC WRITING

4. Ethical writing is writing that clearly indicates (via documentation) where source material has been incorporated into one’s own writing. ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

5. 2. Ethical writing is also writing that acknowledges a range of perspectives on an issue. ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

6. 3. Ethical writing is writing with a level of inclusion, respect, and acknowledgement of diversity ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

7. 4. The importance of ethical writing, then, is based not only upon the avoidance of plagiarism, but also avoiding the weaknesses of bias and exclusive language (sexist, racist, homophobic, etc.) This strengthens the credibility and persuasiveness of the writer’s argument ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

8. According to University of Oxford, Plagiarism is defined as presenting work or ideas from another source as your own, with or without consent of the original author, by incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgement. PLAGIARISM AND HOW TO AVOID IT?

9. One of the most common ways that students commit plagiarism is by simply forgetting where an idea came from and unintentionally presenting it as their own. You can easily avoid this pitfall by keeping your notes organized and compiling a list of citations as you go. 1. Keep track of the sources you consult in your paper.

10. Quoting means copying a piece of text word for word. The copied text must be introduced in your own words, enclosed in quotation marks, and correctly attributed to the original author. 2. Paraphrasing or quoting from your sources

11. Original text “Arts and culture undoubtedly flourished in the ’20s as a shared American pop culture emerged thanks to the advent of radio broadcasting, widely circulated magazines and movies” ( Thulin , 2021).

12. In the 1920s, arts and culture undoubtedly flourished in the US due to the advent of radio broadcasting, widely circulated magazines and movies. In the 1920s, “arts and culture undoubtedly flourished” in the US due to “the advent of radio broadcasting, widely circulated magazines and movies” ( Thulin , 2021).

13. Paraphrasing means using your own words to explain something from a source. Paraphrasing does not mean just switching out a few words from a copy-pasted text. To paraphrase properly, you should rewrite the author’s point in your own words to show that you have fully understood it. 2. Paraphrasing or quoting from your sources

14. Original text “Plastics harm wildlife in myriad ways, many of which scientists are just beginning to grasp. When birds, fish and other larger animals eat plastics, the material can get tangled up inside their bodies and cause damage; plastics can also make animals feel falsely full, so they stop eating” ( Dzombak , 2021).

15. Paraphrased Scientists are still learning the extent to which plastics harm animals. According to Dzombak (2021), ingesting plastic can lead to internal damage if it gets tangled when swallowed, and can also lead animals to feel falsely full. Both prevent them from getting the nutrients they need.

16. Every time you quote or paraphrase, you must include an in-text or footnote citation clearly identifying the original author. Each citation must corresponds to a full reference in the reference list or bibliography at the end of your paper. This acknowledge the source of your information, avoiding plagiarism, and it helps your readers locate the source for themselves if they would like to learn more. 3. Crediting the original author in an in-text citation and your reference list.

17. There are many different citation styles, each with its own rules. A few common styles are APA , MLA , and Chicago . Your instructor may assign a particular style for you to use, or you may be able to choose. The most important thing is to apply one style consistently throughout the text.

18. The example below follow APA style. Citing a single source In-text citation: The novel’s central theme is voiced by Cersei Lannister : “when you play the game of thrones you win or you die. There is no middle ground. (Martin, 2002, p. 403). Reference list: Martin, G. R. R. (2002). A game of thrones (Reprinted.) Bantam.

19. Citing multiple source In-text citation: Martin’s narrative can be read as a classic “zero-sum game” (Morgenstern and Von Neumann, 1980, p.98), where players in the “game of thrones” either “win or …die” (Martin, 2002, p. 403), with no other outcomes possible. Reference list: Martin, G. R. R. (2002). A game of thrones (Reprinted.) Bantam. Morgenstern, O., & Von Neumann, J. (1980). Theory of the game and economic behavior (3 rd ed.). Princeton University Press.

20. Most universities use plagiarism checkers like turnitin to detect potential plagiarism. Plagiarism checkers scan your document, compare it to a database of webpages and publications, and highlight passages that appear similar to other texts. 4. Use a plagiarism checker

21. Consider using a plagiarism checker yourself before submitting your paper. This allows you to identify issues that could constitute accidental plagiarism such as: Forgotten or misplaced citations Missing quotation marks Paraphrased material that’s too similar to the original text

22. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

23. In data collection, ‘ethics’ refers to the moral standards that researchers must adhere to, to ensure that their data collection is fair, thorough, and does not take advantage of participants or sources. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

24. Privacy concerns With the capacity to collect vast amounts of personal information, protecting individual privacy becomes a significant challenge. Organizations must navigate the fine line between collecting necessary data and intruding into personal lives. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

25. 2. Consent Obtaining informed consent is a foundational ethical principle. But it’s often difficult to implement effectively. Many users agree to terms and conditions without fully understanding them, raising questions about the validity of their consent. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

26. 3. Data Security Safeguarding digital information throughout its entire life cycle to protect it from corruption, theft, or u nauthorized access. Ex. The Equifax incident where sensitive information of over 140 million people was exposed, highlight the risk involved in handling large datasets. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

27. 4. Bias and representation When collecting data , you need to be as impartial as possible. You should also ensure that your own beliefs and biases do not impact your perception of data. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

28. 5. Transparency and accountability Maintaining transparency in how data is collected, used, and shared is challenging but essential for ethical compliance. The challenge lies in communicating complex data practices in a comprehensible manners to users. Ex. Google street view case, where google was criticized for collecting more data than disclosed. Including WI-FI network details. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

29. 6. Legal and regulatory compliance Compliance requires constant vigilance and adaptation to evolving legal standards. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

30. 7. Respect for Intellectual Property Data collection practices should respect intellectual property rights, including copyright. Unauthorized collection or use of copyrighted materials without proper licensing or permission can infringe upon creator’s rights and devalue their work. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

31. 8. Acknowledgement When collecting data that includes copyrighted materials, proper attribution and acknowledgement of the original creators or rights holders should be provided. Failing to give credit to the appropriate sources can be considered unethical and disrespectful. Ethical issues in data collection and reporting

32. References: https:// www.kent.edu/stark/ethical-writing-reliable-sources https://wwwscribbr.com/plagiarism/how-to-avoid-plagiarism/ http://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/English/research-and-composition/ethical-issues-in-data-collection/

33. Thank You! Happy Writing!