Exceptional Learners - chapter one.pptx

Exceptional Learners

1. Exceptional Learners: An Introduction to Special Education Fourteenth Edition Chapter 1 Exceptionality and Special Education Copyright © 2019, 2015, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

2. AGENDA-July 6 th , 2020 Welcome/Introduction/Online Learning Protocol Worship Thought Course Objectives Syllabus and Assignments History of Special Education Covid-19 Articles Breakout Session Closure

3. Unlikely Prospects As Jesus went on from there, he saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax collector’s booth. “Follow me,” he told him, and Matthew got up and followed him. While Jesus was having dinner at Matthew’s house, many tax collectors and sinners came and ate with him and his disciples. When the Pharisees saw this, they asked his disciples, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” On hearing this, Jesus said, “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, not sacrifice.’ For I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.” Matthew 9:9-13

4. History and Origins of Special Education 1 People, Ideas, Trends Dates Impact Itard and Seguin Late 18 th to mid 19 th century Systematic educative procedures for the hardest to teach children Howe 1829 First residential school for students who were blind Gallaudet 1817 First American residential school for students who were deaf Normalization and deinstitutionalization 20 th century Breaking down barriers to participation in society Inclusion 20 th century-current Integration of students with disabilities into general education classrooms

5. History and Origins of Special Education 2 People, Ideas, Trends Dates Impact Council for Exceptional Children founded by Ferrell and other teachers Founded 1922 Development of special education as a profession Organization of parent groups First started in 1950s Provide support, information, and structure for obtaining resources Other organizations, such as Special Olympics (Shriver) 20 th century Advocacy for caring and fair treatment of individuals with disabilities

6. Legislation and Litigation (1 of 2) Legislation Dates Impact Education for All Handicapped Children Act, P L 94-142 1975 The original Act and its amendments ensure that all children and youths with disabilities have a right to free, appropriate, public education Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (I D E A) 1990 The original Act and its amendments ensure that all children and youths with disabilities have a right to free, appropriate, public education Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act 2004 The original Act and its amendments ensure that all children and youths with disabilities have a right to free, appropriate, public education Americans with Disabilities Act (A D A) 1990 Ensures the right to nondiscriminatory treatment in other aspects of life; a civil rights law No Child Left Behind Act (N C L B) 21 st century “Standards-based” reform, consequences to special ed.

7. Legislation and Litigation (2 of 2) Major Provisions of I D E A Identification Free, Appropriate, Public Education ( F A P E ) Due process Parent/guardian surrogate consultation Least Restrictive Environment ( L R E ) Individualized Education Program ( I E P ) Nondiscriminatory evaluation Confidentiality Personnel development, in-service training

8. Effects of Legislation and Litigation (1 of 2) Litigation is the process of implementing legislation. School attendance is the right of every child Used when special education services are not provided for students whose parents want it Used when students are assigned to special ed. when their parents believe they should not be Litigation involving use of I Q and other standardized tests

9. Effects of Legislation and Litigation (2 of 2) Litigation is the process of implementing legislation. Hudson v. Rowley (1982): appropriate education does not necessarily mean that which achieves maximum achievement Endrew F. (2017): U.S. Supreme Court ruled that an educational program must provide “more than de minimus”

10. Topics Getting oriented to exceptionality and special education Educational definition of exceptional learners Prevalence of exceptional learners Definition of special education History & Origins of special education Effects of Legislation and Litigation Reasons for Optimism

11. Learning Objectives 1.1 Become oriented to exceptionality and special education. 1.2 Understand the educational definition of exceptional learners. 1.3 Learn about the prevalence of exceptional learners in both high- and low-prevalence categories and how special education is defined. 1.4 Understand and appreciate the history and origins of special education, including legislation and litigation that have affected special education .

12. Getting Oriented to Exceptionality and Special Education There is no single theory of normal development, so few definite statements can be made about exceptional learners . The importance of abilities Disability (an inability to do something) versus handicap (disadvantaged imposed on an individual) Disability versus inability

13. Educational Definition of Exceptional Learners Exceptional learners are those who require special education if they are to reach their full human potential . Diversity of characteristics Need for special education

14. Prevalence of Exceptional Learners Prevalence is the percentage of a population or number of people having a particular exceptionality . 8.7% of students (over 6.7 million) in U S schools receive special education services Most are between the ages of 6 and 21 There are high-incidence and low-incidence disabilities

15. Definition of Special Education Special education means specially designed instruction that meets the unusual needs of an exceptional student. Possible forms of special education: Special materials Structured educational environments Specialized teaching techniques Specialized equipment and/or facilities Related services

16. Reasons for Optimism Teachers and other professionals who care Scientific advances on causal factors Reduction in some disabilities as a result Prevention of some disabilities as a result Advances towards cures and treatments Scientific advances in learning and teaching

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