EXIT_SEMINAR_PPT_Kalpana_Mishra8657.pptx

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1. Smt. Radhika Tai Pandav College of Engineering Presented by:- Kalpana B. Mishra Guided by:- Tanushree Thakre Ma’am SUMITTED TO: RashtraSant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FOR ACADEMIC SESSION (2024-2025) (Department of Management Studies Syllabus P resentation)

2. WHY MBA 1. Career Advancement: An MBA can help you move up the corporate ladder, take on leadership roles, or transition to a new industry. 2. Skill Development: An MBA program teaches valuable skills like strategic management, finance, marketing, and leadership. 3. Networking Opportunities: MBA programs provide a chance to connect with peers, professors, and alumni, potentially leading to valuable professional relationships. 4. Increased Earning Potential: MBA graduates often see a significant increase in salary and benefits

3. MBA SPECIALIZATION FINANCE Finance is a broad field that deals with the management of money and investments. It encompasses various aspects . Human Resource (HR) Human resources (HR) refers to the people who make up the workforce of an organization, and it also refers to the department responsible for managing those people. HR professionals focus on recruiting, hiring, training, and managing employee relations . 

4. MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Demand Analysis and Forecasting Understanding consumer behavior Estimating future sales Cost and Production Analysis Short-run and long-run cost curves Economies of scale Pricing Decisions and Strategies Price discrimination, bundling, markup pricing Profit Management Break-even analysis Target profit strategies Capital Budgeting Evaluating investment decisions using tools like NPV, IRR Market Structure Analysis Perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition Risk and Uncertainty Analysis Decision-making under uncertain conditions

5. 2. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM Definition: Management Information Systems (MIS) is a system that provides managers with the tools to organize, evaluate, and efficiently manage departments within an organization. It involves the use of people, technology, processes, and data to support decision-making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of information in an organization. Key Elements of MIS: People – users who interact with the system Technology – hardware, software, and networks Processes – procedures for collecting and processing data Data – raw facts that are processed into useful information

6. 3. Business research 📘 What is Business Research? Business Research is a systematic and objective process of gathering, recording, and analyzing data to make informed business decisions. It helps organizations identify opportunities and problems, monitor performance, and make strategic decisions. 🔑 Key Objectives: Identify Problems & Opportunities e.g. Falling sales, emerging markets, changing consumer preferences Understand Customer Behavior Preferences, satisfaction, buying patterns Improve Decision-Making Based on data rather than guesswork Develop Business Strategies Backed by solid evidence and trends

7. 4. Financial reporting, Statement and analysis Financial Reporting: Financial Reporting refers to the process of presenting financial data about a company's performance, financial position, and cash flows to stakeholders (like investors, management, regulators, creditors). 📊 Purpose: To provide transparency To enable decision-making To ensure compliance with accounting standards and regulations (like IFRS, GAAP) 📄 Key Components: Financial statements (Balance Sheet, Income Statement, etc.) Notes to the accounts Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) Auditor’s Report Financial Statement Analysis: It is the process of examining financial statements to make better business decisions. 🔍 Types of Analysis: Horizontal Analysis – compares financial data over time. Vertical Analysis – expresses each item as a % of a base item (e.g., sales). Ratio Analysis – uses formulas to assess performance. 📌 Key Ratios: Liquidity Ratios : Current Ratio, Quick Ratio Profitability Ratios : Net Profit Margin, ROE, ROA Solvency Ratios : Debt-Equity Ratio, Interest Coverage Ratio Efficiency Ratios : Inventory Turnover, Debtor Turnover

8. 5. Organizational behaviour 📘 What is Organizational Behaviour ? Organizational Behaviour is the study of how people behave within organizations . It focuses on understanding, predicting, and managing human behaviour in a workplace to improve organizational effectiveness. 🔍 Key Objectives of OB: Understand individual and group behavior in organizations Improve organizational performance and productivity Enhance employee satisfaction and motivation Develop better leadership and teamwork Facilitate organizational change and innovation

9. 6. Business Statistics and Analytics for Decision Making The goal of using statistics and analytics is to make informed, data-driven decisions . Here’s how: Key Techniques for Decision Making: Regression Analysis : Predict future values and relationships (e.g., sales prediction based on advertising spend). Time Series Analysis : Analyzing data over time to identify trends, seasonal patterns, and cycles (e.g., predicting future sales based on historical data). Decision Trees : Visual tools for decision making that break down complex decisions into simpler components. Optimization Models : Mathematical models used to find the best decision based on available resources (e.g., maximizing profit while minimizing cost). Simulation : Using models to simulate different scenarios and assess potential outcomes. Applications in Business: Customer Analytics : Segmenting customers based on purchasing behavior, predicting churn, etc. Supply Chain Optimization : Using analytics to predict demand and optimize inventory levels. Financial Analytics : Forecasting cash flows, assessing financial risks, and investment decisions.

10. 7. Legal & Business E nvironment Legal Environment: The legal environment includes the body of laws and regulations that businesses must comply with. These laws affect how companies operate, compete, and deal with their customers, employees, suppliers, and other stakeholders. Key Elements of the Legal Environment: Business Law : Covers laws related to company formation, contracts, mergers, acquisitions, and business disputes. Contract Law : Governs agreements between businesses and individuals. Intellectual Property Law : Protects patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets. Competition Law (Antitrust Law) : Prevents anti-competitive behavior and promotes fair competition. Labour and Employment Laws : Regulate the relationship between employers and employees. Employee Rights : Minimum wage, work hours, discrimination, and safety regulations. Labour Unions : Rights and functions of labor unions, collective bargaining. Consumer Protection Laws : Ensure the safety and rights of consumers. Product Liability : Protects consumers from faulty or unsafe products. Advertising Regulations : Ensures truthful and non-deceptive marketing. Environmental Laws : Regulate the environmental impact of business operations. Pollution Control : Laws limiting emissions, waste disposal, and land contamination. Sustainable Practices : Laws promoting the use of renewable resources and sustainable business practices .

11. 8 . FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Financial Management is the process of planning, organizing, controlling, and monitoring financial resources with the goal of achieving an organization's objectives efficiently and effectively. In other words, it's about managing money wisely —whether it's for a business, government, or individual. 🧠 Importance of Financial Management: Keeps the business profitable Helps in risk management Ensures sufficient cash flow for operations Builds investor and stakeholder confidence Supports strategic decision-making 📘 Example: Imagine you're starting a small company: You create a budget (financial planning) Decide to take a bank loan and also invest your own savings (capital structure) You choose to spend money on advertising and product development (investment decisions) You regularly check if you're spending more than planned (financial control) You look for ways to increase sales and reduce expenses (profit management)

12. 9 .MARKETING MANAGEMENT Marketing Management is the process of planning, organizing, controlling, and implementing marketing activities to satisfy customer needs, build brand value, and achieve organizational goals. 🧩 Key Components of Marketing Management: 1. Market Research: Understanding customer needs , market trends , and competition . Tools: Surveys, focus groups, online analytics, competitor analysis. 2. Marketing Planning: Setting marketing objectives . Designing strategies (e.g., segmentation, targeting, positioning). Creating budgets and timelines . 3. Marketing Mix (4Ps / 7Ps): Product : Quality, features, branding. Price : Pricing strategies (penetration, skimming, competitive). Place : Distribution channels (online, retail, wholesale). Promotion : Advertising, sales promotions, PR, digital marketing. (3 Additional Ps for services) : People, Process, Physical Evidence.

13. 10 . HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Human Resource Management (HRM) is the strategic approach to the effective management of people in an organization so that they help the business gain a competitive advantage. 🧩 Key Functions of HRM: Recruitment and Selection Training and Development Performance Management Compensation and Benefits Employee Relations HR Planning and Strategy Health, Safety, and Welfare 💡 Why HRM is Important: Ensures the right people are in the right jobs . Improves employee satisfaction and retention . Develops skills and talents through training. Promotes a healthy work culture . Aligns employee efforts with organizational goals .

14. 11 . OPERATION MANAGEMENT Operations Management is the area of management concerned with designing, overseeing, and controlling the process of production and business operations in the manufacturing or service sectors. 🧩 Core Functions of Operations Management: Product & Service Design Process Design & Improvement Capacity Planning Inventory Management Supply Chain Management Quality Control Facility Layout & Location Scheduling 💡 Importance of Operations Management: Ensures optimal resource utilization Enhances productivity and quality Reduces costs and waste Delivers customer satisfaction Supports strategic decision-making

15. 1 2 . INTERNATIONAL BUSSINESS An Information Business is a type of business that creates, collects, organizes, and sells information or knowledge as its main product or service. It’s based on the idea of monetizing expertise, data, or content by offering it in the form of digital products , consulting , training , or online services . 📊 Key Characteristics of an Information Business: Intangible Product : The main “product” is knowledge or information – not physical goods. Digital Delivery : Information is usually delivered online (e.g., PDFs, videos, courses, webinars, podcasts). Scalability : One digital product (like an online course) can be sold to thousands with no extra cost. Low Startup Cost : You can start with just a laptop, internet, and valuable knowledge.

16. 13 . CSR & SU STAI NABILITY CSR refers to the ethical responsibility of businesses to contribute positively to society and the environment, beyond just making profits. “CSR is a business approach that contributes to sustainable development by delivering economic, social and environmental benefits for all stakeholders.” – UNIDO Sustainability is the principle of using resources in a way that meets current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. ♻️ Three Pillars of Sustainability: Environmental Sustainability – Protecting natural resources (forests, water, air) Social Sustainability – Promoting social well-being and equity Economic Sustainability – Ensuring businesses remain profitable and viable long-term

17. 14 . COST ACCOUNTING Cost Accounting is the process of recording, analyzing, and reporting all of a company's costs related to the production of a product or service. 📊 Objectives of Cost Accounting: Determine the cost of production Control and reduce costs Help in price fixation Assist in decision-making Improve efficiency and profitability 📈 Importance of Cost Accounting: Helps identify cost-saving opportunities Supports budget planning Aids in profitability analysis Assists in inventory valuation Essential for internal decision-making and cost control

18. 15 . S TRATEGIC MANAGMENT Strategic Management is the continuous process of setting goals, analyzing the competitive environment, evaluating strategies, and ensuring that the strategy is implemented across the organization to achieve long-term success. 📘 “Strategic management is the art and science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objectives.” – Fred R. David 🧭 Key Concepts in Strategic Management: Competitive Advantage : What makes the company better than competitors (e.g., Apple’s innovation, Amazon’s logistics). Core Competency : A unique strength that provides competitive advantage. Strategic Fit : Alignment between internal capabilities and external environment. Blue Ocean Strategy : Creating new markets instead of competing in saturated ones. First Mover Advantage : Gaining advantage by being the first in a market.

19. 1 6 . INVESTMENT ANALYSIS &PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT Investment Analysis is the process of evaluating financial assets (like stocks, bonds, mutual funds, etc.) to determine whether they are a good fit for an investor’s goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon. 🔍 Key Aspects of Investment Analysis: Risk & Return Evaluation Market Trends Analysis Valuation Techniques (like P/E ratio, DCF) Fundamental & Technical Analysis Macroeconomic Factors (interest rates, inflation, GDP) Portfolio Management is the process of selecting , organizing , and overseeing a group of investments to achieve specific financial goals while managing risk. 🎯 Goals of Portfolio Management: Maximize returns Minimize risk Ensure diversification Align investments with financial objectives

20. 17. MAN POWER PLANING,RECRUITMENT & SELECTION Manpower Planning is the process of estimating the number and type of employees required to meet the organization’s goals. “It is the process of forecasting an organization’s future demand for and supply of the right type of people in the right number.” 🧠 Objectives: Ensure right people at the right job at the right time Reduce labour shortages or surpluses Improve productivity and performance Prepare for future growth 📘 Definition: Recruitment is the process of attracting and encouraging candidates to apply for job vacancies in an organization. “It is a positive process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for jobs.” 🎯 Why These Are Important: Builds a strong workforce Ensures skill match for the job Reduces employee turnover Saves time and cost in the long term

21. 18. PROJECT APPRAISAL& FINANCE Project Appraisal is the systematic evaluation of a proposed project's technical, economic, financial, legal, and social viability before a final decision is made to invest in it. Project Finance is a financing technique where the project itself is a separate financial entity , and the cash flows generated by the project are used to repay the investment. ⚙️ Steps in Project Appraisal & Finance Process: Project Idea & Feasibility Study Preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR) Cost Estimation & Funding Plan Appraisal by Financial Institutions Sanctioning of Loan Disbursement & Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation 📚 Institutions Involved: Domestic : SIDBI, NABARD, IFCI, EXIM Bank, IDBI International : World Bank, ADB, IFC

22. 19 . PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS A Performance Management System is a continuous process used by organizations to assess, improve, and manage employee performance to align with business goals. 📘 “Performance Management is a strategic approach to create a high-performance culture by continuously improving the performance of individuals and teams.” 🎯 Objectives of Performance Management: Align individual goals with organizational objectives Improve employee productivity and effectiveness Identify training and development needs Provide constructive feedback Reward top performers and address poor performance In a company like Infosys , employees are given quarterly performance goals. They receive regular feedback from their team leads and have an annual appraisal based on technical skills, teamwork, and innovation.

23. 20 . FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES A financial derivative is a financial contract whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset such as stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, interest rates, or market indexes. 🔍 Purpose of Derivatives: Hedging (risk management) Speculation (profit from price changes) Arbitrage (exploiting price differences) Leverage (control large positions with smaller investment) 📚 Derivative Markets in India: Equity Derivatives : Nifty Options, Bank Nifty Futures Currency Derivatives : USD-INR Futures Commodity Derivatives : Gold, Crude Oil Futures on MCX 🧮 Bonus: Formulas Payoff for Call Option = Max(0, Spot Price - Strike Price) - Premium Payoff for Put Option = Max(0, Strike Price - Spot Price) - Premium

24. Manpower Planning Job Analysis and Job Description Recruitment Strategies Selection Process Onboarding and Induction 20 21. MANPOWER PLANNING, RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION Manpower planning, recruitment, and selection are interconnected HR processes. Manpower planning assesses current and future workforce needs, while recruitment attracts qualified candidates, and selection evaluates and chooses the best fit for the open positions

25. 22. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM A Performance Management System (PMS) is a structured process that organizations use to track, evaluate, and improve employee performance, aligning it with the company's goals and objectives. Goal Setting and Planning Performance Appraisal Methods Continuous Feedback and Coaching Performance Review and Evaluation Reward and Development Planning

26. 23. COMPENSATION AND BENEFIT MANAGEMENT s Compensation and Benefit Management involves designing and implementing systems to fairly reward employees for their work, ensuring the organization's pay structure and benefits align with industry standards and company goals. This includes managing salary, bonuses, incentives, and a variety of employee benefits. The primary goals are to attract and retain talent, motivate employees, and improve overall organizational effectiveness.  Types of Compensation Job Evaluation and Pay Structure Performance-Based Pay Employee Benefits and Perks Legal and Regulatory Compliance Compensation Strategy and Policy

27. FINAL PROJECT Title : “A STUDY THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SOFTRONIX SOLUTIONS” Objective : To understand which areas within businesses and our lives are most likely to be affected by these Softronix Solution . To understand the comfort of individuals with Softronix Solution. To study the Role and impact of AI on business models and strategies. To study why IT Company as a big opportunity. To know the different reasons for development and need of Softronix Solution. To study its future scope and development in Softronix Solution.

28. CONCLUSION Softronix Solution is the most successful dealer in the city in attracting customers in the Software segment during festive season . The discounts and freebies offered by Softronix Solution during the festive season are attractive and add value for money for the products purchased . Consumer’s buying choice is heavily affected by the promotional strategies of Softronix Solution during the festive season, which helps in luring customers away from the competitors . Many teams at Microsoft have put significant effort into developing an extensive portfolio of AI applications and platforms by integrating machine learning into existing software engineering processes and cultivating and growing ML talent . In this paper, we described the results of a study to learn more about the process and practice changes undertaken by a number of Microsoft teams in recent years.

29. THANK YOU