Extension education and communication

Extension education and communication

1. Communication and extension- approaches for development: advantages- individuals and group and mass approaches M.Manjuladevi II m.sc Home Science

2. Home science extension When this concept of extension is applied to home science, it is called as Home Science Extension , which aims at further developing the capacities of girls and women who are mainly involved in farm and home-making activities. Thus, the term home science extension means the type of education which is extended beyond the four walls of classroom to those who have been deprived of formal education in home making activities.

3. Home science extension (cont..) Through Home Science Extension activities, rural women will have opportunities to discuss their problems and seek solutions to their problems. They will be helped to utilize, to the best of advantage, the products of their labour in agricultural production through improving their nutritional status, health and standard of living.

4. History Chandra (1987) Dey Lakshmi (1987) Desai and Jhansi Rani (1987) Seth (1987) has described three important components of home science extension: a. Extension education b. Extension service c. Extension work

5. Communication The selection of suitable teaching aid should be done carefully on the basis of the specific socio- culturai and economic situations. Some are excellent for the individualized approach, and some for the group approach while still others are to cater to the mass approach effectively. Modern efforts for mass communication require use of new communication technologies such as motion pictures, vide films and television telecasts , which can provide enormous range and type of visual resources to the teacher. Furthermore, they help to overcome the problem of abstractness and barriers of time.

6. Communication (cont..) Channels of mass media such as radio and television provide the latest news and help people to keep in pace with the knowledge explosion. They also help to raise the availability and quality of human resources. An important function of several extension methods is to communicate any message. Communication is the process of transformation of ideas and attitudes from one person to another accurately and satisfactorily. In other words, it is the sharing of ideas and attitudes between two or more per tics such as their educational background, social and cultural background, likes and dislikes, needs and interests, values, age, caste, religion and so on .

7. Communication (cont..) These wide varieties in the nature of the groups demand various extension approaches like individual approach, group approach and mass approach.

8. Individual approaches In the individual approach, an individual is contacted keeping in mind the factors which can motivate him to take a specific action. Farm and home visits have been observed to be the most widely used method for individual approach (Chandra, 1989). Advantage: Unclear messages that have not been fully understood can easily be clarified The extension officer is able to secure co-operation and inspire the confidence of the family through personal contact It facilitates immediate feedback on the effectiveness of the measures discussed It may be the best way to ensure that everyone in the family participates in decision making.

9. Individual approaches

10. Group approaches The group approach is used for two or more people. The group is formed with the individuals who have some common interest. Advantage: It is generally cheaper than the individual approach More people are reached within a given period of time There is an exchange of ideas and experiences among the group It is easy to monitor.

11. Group approaches

12. Mass approaches He/she has to use an approach through which masses can be reached in the shortest time . Through the mass approach information concerning the masses can be conveyed from a single source. Advantage: These methods can increase the impact of extension staff through rapid spread of information Many people can be reached within a short time, even in remote areas.

13. Mass approaches

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