Family Malvaceae in Plants Systemeatics.

Plants Systematics...Family Malvaceae

1. Family Malvaceae Name. NIMRA IMRAN ROLL NO.0204-BS-BOT-22 Family malvaceae Government college university, Lahore. Submitted to: Dr Andleeb Ahmed

2. Systematic Position Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae

3. Diagnostic characters of the family Stellate hairs: The plants are often covered in star-shaped hairs, giving them a fuzzy appearance. Malvaceae plant with stellate hairs Palmate venation: The leaves are typically palmately veined, with veins radiating out from a central point. Staminal tube: The androceium contain staminal tube Epicalyx: Having epicalyx.

4. Genera And Species Of Family Malvaceae The family includes 82 genera and 1500 species present in the family

5. DISTIBUTION The members of family are cosmopolitan in their distribution. Found in tropical regions of the world. Several species are found in our country like Hibiscus , Malvastrum, Malva ,Abutilon , etc. Several of them are wild and some are commonly cultivated in gardens like Althea rosea. Most important member of family is the genus Gossypium ,from which cotton is obtained.

6. Habitat The plants may be herbs shrubs or trees. A few plants are annual or sometimes perennial herbs like Abutilon,Malva ,Malvastrum, Hibiscus sp etc. May be shrubs like Sida cordinifolia. The species of Hibiscus may be herbs ,shrubs or small trees. Hibiscus Rosa is a large ornamental shrubs with beautiful red flowers. Hibiscus mutabilis. is a small ornamental tree.

7. Root and Stem Root. Tap and branched roots. Stem The stem is herbaceous or woody ,branched ,cylinders,solid usually with stellate hairs. Mucilage sacs occur abundantly in the tissues.

8. Leaves Simple, alternate, round or palmately divided ,usually palmately veined . The leaves bear stellate hairs. Mucilage sacs are also found.

9. Inflorescence The inflorescence is of cymose type,very rarely racemose. Thus may be solitary axillary terminal ,or compound cyme.

10. Flower Usually pedicillated. Bracteolate ( the bractedes are arranged in whorl known as epicalyx. Actinomorphic ,regular ,hermaphrodite, complete, hypogynous and pentamerous.

11. Calyx And Corolla Calyx: Consists if five sepals Gamosepalous ( seals are united to each other). Aestivation is valvate Corolla: Consist of five petals. Polypetalous but the petals are inferior and the aestivation is twisted.

12. Androceium And Gynoceium Androceium Consist of indefinite stamens ,the stamens are found arranged on a staminal tube. The stamens are monadelphous. The staminal tube remains united at the base to the petals and therfore the condition is known as epipetalous. Gynoceium Consists of 5 to indefinite carpels ( polycarpellery), synchronous . Ovary is superior and multilocular.

13. Fruit and Seed FRUIT: Schizocarp Seed: The seeds are usually buried in a hairy covering formed from testa. Floral formula: Br.K5 C5 A∞ G(5)

14. Economical importance of family malvaceae Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus): Also known as lady’s finger, okra is a popular vegetable enjoyed in many cuisines around the world. It’s a good source of fiber and vitamins.. Abutilon indicum . The stem yield a Fibre used for making ropes. Althea rosa .Gulkhera. An ornamental plant used as ornament and also a red dye is obtained from it . Hibiscus Rosa sinensis. An ornamental shrub used for making purplish dye which is uses as shoe polish and also used as ornamental plant. Gossypium hirsutum.( Kapas): Cultived in many regions of India used for textile , Rubber Tyre tunes and a lot if woven products The cotton seeds and cakes are used as fodder and the seeds are edible. Hibiscus colliinus: A small tree used as ornament Hibiscus mutabilis: A bushy shrubs , native of China. The bark yield a fibre used for making ropes and cordage. The Malvaceae family is a treasure trove of economically important plants. Here are some of the most notable ones: Cotton (Gossypium spp.): This is the most famous member of the family, providing us with soft, fluffy fibers used to make textiles, clothing, and even household items.

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