FAMILY PLANNING PRESENTATION FOR NURSES ppt.pptx

Family planning for Nurses

1. FAMILY PLANNING Prepared by : Ms.Faiza

2. DEFNITION F amily planning is defined as “the ability of individuals and couples to anticipate and attain their desired number of children and the spacing and timing of their births . (World Health Organization ,WHO)

3. Aims /objectives /importance Avoid unwanted birth Bring about wanted birth Produce change in the number of children Regulate the intervals between pregnancy Control time at which birth occur

4. Benefits to mother Reduce the risk of ovarian cyst Reduce number of maternal death Physical strain of child bearing Reduce the health risk Family planning empower the women Decrease the HIV / AIDS ratio

5. Benefits to child Ensure better chances of survival at birth Prevent birth defects Promote physical and mental growth Promote better childhood nutrition.

6. TYPES OF FAMILY PLANNING

7. NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING

8. Rhythm method It is also called safe method /calendar method natural method It depend on the time of ovulation O vulation occur on 14 days & ovum viable after 48 -72 hours and sperm remain alive for 24 to 48 hours so pregnancy occur if coitus occur in these days .

9. Basal body temperature Basal body temperature is the is the temperature measure immediately after awakening and before any physical activity has been undertaken. Monitoring of the BBT is the one way of estimating the day of ovulation. Women have lower temperature before the ovulation and higher the temperature after the ovulation.

10. Cervical mucous method Cervical mucous method is a observation of wet or dry sensation in the vulva . The feeling of wetness and the presence of mucous secretion which is wet , slippery and clear indicate the fertile period

11. Coitus interrupts method/ withdrawal method One of the oldest known method of contraception couple received with coitus until the moment of ejaculation which offers little protection

12. Lactation amenorrhea The lactation amenorrhea(LAM) is a natural birth control technique. Baby sucking stimulate the nipple and this stimulation triggers signals to mothers brain

13. BARRIER METHOD BARRIER METHOD INCLUDE CONDOM SPONGE DIAPHRAGM CERVICAL CAP

14. MALE CONDOM SPERMICIADAL ( COATEED WITH NONOXYNOL ON INNER AND OUTER SURFACE IT IS MADE UP OF LATEX OR POLYURETHANE

15. MALE CONDOM ADVANTAGES : SIMPLE SPACING METHOD NO SID EEFTECS EASULY AVAILABLE AND SAFE AND INEXPENSIVE PROTECT AGAINST STD’S DISADVANTAGES CHANCES OF SLIP OFF AND TEAR OFF ALLERGIC REACTION TO LATEX FAILURE RATE: 16%

16. FEMALE CONDOM IT IS A PUCH MADE UP OF POLYURETHANE WHICH LINES THE VAGINA AND ALSO EXTERNAL GENETELIA IT IS 17 CM LONG WITH ONE FLEXIBLE RING AT EACH END

17. FEMALE CONDOM ADVANTAGES : PREVENT FROM STD’s INCLUDING HIV/AIDS NOT DAMAGED BY OILS AND OTHER CHMEICAL DISADVANTAGES: HIGH MOTIVATION ONLY WOMEN WHO CAN USE DIAPHRAGM CAN USE FEMAL CONDOM SLIPPAGE OCCUR EXPENSIVE

18. DIAPHRAGM M ost common and easiest fit and use T hin, nearly hemispherical dome made of rubber or latex material with circular , covered metal spring at E xternal diameter of rim size is 45-mm T his device introduced up to 3 hrs. before intercourse and is to be kept for at least 6 hours after intercourse.

19. DIAPHRAGM ADVANTAGES : Cheep & No gross medical side effect C ontrol of pregnancy in hands of women R easonably safe when properly used. P revent spread of STD’s through less effective than condom Disadvantages : Require help of doctor to measure the size required Need high motivation Allergic reaction to rubber Erosion UTI’s

20. Spermicide Available as vaginal foams ,gel ,creams ,tablets , and suppositories . After the sperm surface membrane permeability resulting in killing of sperm

21. Cervical cap

22. Cervical cap Advantages : No instruction by the nurses or doctors Easily available and easy to use No gross medical side effect Disadvantage : Failure rate high when used alone Can increase spread of HIV infection by irritating vaginal and cervical mucosa

23. Contraceptive Sponge The sponge is a doughnut shape device made of soft foam coated with spermicide Made up of polyurethane which act as spermicide It releases spermicide during coitus ,absorb ejaculate and block the entrance of cervical canal. Before use , it must be moistened with water, when enter into vagina it covers the cervix and block sperm from entering the uterus

24. Contraceptive sponge Disadvantage : May be broken Difficult removal High pregnancy rate Allergic reaction Vaginal dryness and soreness

25. Intrauterine devices: Intrauterine device is a small ,T shaped , plastic device that is inserted and left inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy

26. Intrauterine devices: Side effects : Inter menstrual bleeding and spotting Abdominal and pelvic Ovarian cyst Headache/ migraine Acne Depressed / altered mood Amenorrhea Advantages : Safe Effective , reversible Long action, inexpensive Disadvantage : Heavy bleeding , pain Ectopic pregnancy Contraindication : Menorrhagia History of PID

27. Hormonal contraceptives: With the hormonal birth control , a women takes hormone similar to those her body makes naturally . Hormonal contraceptives are mostly for female sex steroids.

28. ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE Combined oral contraceptive : commonly used progestin are either levonorgesterol or norethisterone Example: MELA -N - 21+7 iron tab

29. oral contraceptive pills Contraindication : Circulatory disease Hypertension Liver disease Tumor Pregnancy Breast feeding

30. ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE CONTRACEPTIVE BENEFITS: PROTECTION AGAINST UNWANTED BIRTH CONVENIENT TO USE SIDE EFFECTS: DIZZINESS NAUSEA WEIGHT GAIN HEADACHE BREAST TENDERNESS DEPRESSION INCREASE BLOOD CLOTTING

31. CONTRACEPTIVE INJECTION DEPOPROVERA Contain projecteron hormone Prevennt ovulation Commonly called Depmedroxyl projesteron acetate (DMPA) administered on deltoid muscle within 5 days of cycle Dose 150 gm Provide protection for 3 months

32. CONTRACEPTIVE INJECTION NORPLANT : It is a small device placed under the skin Contains progesteron hormone Works in a similar way as to injection Release hormone about 60 mcg, gradlayy reduced to 30 mcg per day over year Inhibit ovulation Lastr for 3 years Norplant II- Two rods of 4 cm long . each rod containing 75 mg of levonorgesterel reeases 50 mcg per day

33. emergency contraceptive Use within 72 hours , ovulation either prevented or delays. It may be in form of hormone , IUD, antiprogesteron INDICATIONS : UNPROTECTED INTERCOURSE CONDOM RUPTURE SEXULA ASSULT

34. PERMANENT METHOD VASECTOMY A Small incision made on each side of scrotum vas deference is then cut and tied , cauterized or plugged ,blocvking the passage of sperematozoa. does not interfere with production of sperms but does not pass beyond vas deference TUBECTOMY : It is on of operative procedure where resection of both segment of both follopian tube is done top acheive permanent sterilization approach may be Abdominally Vaginally

35. COMPLICATIONS ECTOPIC PREGNANCY MENSTURAL IRREGULARITIES LOSS OF LIBIDO INFECTION