Fertilizer used in dry land Horticulture ppt.

Fertilizer used in dry land Horticulture.
Organic and inorganic fertilizer.
Management of dry land fertilizer.

1. ACHARYA NARENDRA DEVA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHLOGY PRESENTED BY – SUMIT I’D NO. - H-14531/23 ASSIGNMENT TOPIC – FERTILIZER USED IN DRYLAND HORTICULTURE DEPARTMENT- COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE & FORESTRY

2. -:TOPIC:- INTRODUCTION IMPROVENT OF FERTILIZER USE EFFICENCY USE OF BIO FERTILIZER MULCHING/ORGANIC FERTILIZER INORGANIC FERTILIZER

3. -: INTRODUCTION:- Nearly 70% of the arable land in our country is rainfed . T h is large chunk area contributes only 42% of the total food grain production. The scarcity of water in these areas greatly inhibits adoption of modern package of practices in farming including the use of high yielding varieties pesticides and fertilizers.

4. IMPROVENT OF FERTILIZER USE EFFICENCY :- The objective behind the use of fertilizer in dry land condition should be to make maximum amount of fertilizer nutrient available to the plant within the existing low levels of soil moisture. Certain points, discussed below, must be kept in mind in order to achieve this objective . Use of organic matter Placement of fertilizers Spray application Balanced use of fertilizers The singular application

5. Use of phosphorus mixed with farmyard manure (FYM ) Use of micronutrients and amendments Use of bio-fertilizers Alteration in time of fertilizer application Water conservation practices

6. Use of organic matter :- Organic matter constitutes a vital component of the soil. It is made up of plant residues, animal residues and dead and decayed soil organisms. To maintain a fair level of organic matter in the soil, use of farmyard manure, green manure, compost, and other organic manures is essential. The size of well decayed organic matter particles is more or less equal to the finest particles of the soil called clay. But organic matter particles play more important role than clay in retention of soil moisture.

7. Use of bio-fertilizers :- Use of bio-fertilizers is very beneficial in dry land situations. Treating the leguminous crop seeds with Rhizobium bio-fertilizers increases capacity of the crop to fix atmospheric nitrogen and dependence of plant on soil nitrogen is greatly reduced. Roots and other residues of legume crops left in the soil after harvesting, enrich the soil with nitrogen and subsequent crops get good amount of nitrogen from this soil. Mycorrhiza which is a promising biofertilisers may prove very beneficial for supporting phosphorus to crops.

8. ALTERACTION IN TIME OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION:- Crops need fertilizer at a particular stage of growth. But a slight modification in time of fertilizer application based on moisture availability in soil, is desirable. If rainfall takes place shortly before or after the usual time of fertilizer application can be made to suit the nutrient availability. Fertilizer should be applied when there is adequate moisture in the soil.

9. PLACEMENT OF FERTILIZERS:- Placing the fertilizers in the root zone of the soil is a more efficient techniques than broadcasting of fertilizers. In the placement application, fertilizer is placed in furrows behind the desi plough at appropriate depth and at safe distance from the seeds or seedlings. By this method, contact between fertilizer and soil particles is reduced and unavailability of fertilizer nutrients due to their fixation with the soil particles can be avoided to a large extent.

10. BALANCED USE OF FERTILIZERS:- The singular application of either nitrogen or phosphorus or potash is not as useful as the application of their combinations. Use of phosphatic fertilizer along with nitrogenous fertilizer is found specially beneficial in dryland conditions. Phosphorus helps in elongation of root network of the plant, thereby enabling the plant roots to explore greater volume of ambient soil for nutrient and moisture. Elongated roots absorb greater amount of nutrients from the soil like nitrogen, potash, calcium etc.

11. MULCHING :- The practice of mulching involves placing materials such as straw, plant residues leaves, loose soil or plastic film on the soil surface to reduce loss of moisture by evaporation from the soil. Mulching reduces soil erosion and also protects the plant roots against wide fluctuation in soil temperature.

12. ORGANIC FERTILIZERS:- Organic fertilizers are naturally occurring materials derived from living things like plants and animals, including manure. EXAMPLE :- Farm yard manure (FYM) Compost Green manure & vermi compost

13. FARM YARD MANURE(FYM):- F armyard manure (FYM) is an organic fertilizer made from decomposed animal waste and plant materials. It's a common way to improve soil structure and fertility, and promote healthy plant growth.

14. COMPOST:- Compost is a nutrient-rich soil conditioner made from decomposed organic matter. It's created by piling, mixing, and moistening organic materials like manure, food scraps, and yard waste to encourage thermophilic decomposition.

15. GREEN MANURE &VERMI COMPOST:- Green manure is a fertilizer made from decomposing green plants, while vermicompost is made from decomposing organic materials with the help of earthworms.

16. -:INORGANIC FERTLIZER :- UREA :- High nitrogen content promotes vegetative growth of plants.

17. DIAMMONIUM PHASPHAT (DAP):- Balanced NPK , suitable for fruiting plants.Potassium rich , enhance fruiting and flowering.

18. SOIL- SPECIFIC FERTILIZER :- ZINC SULPHATE :- Addresses zinc deficiency, common in dryland soil.

19. BORON:- Essential for fruiting plants, often deficient in dry soil.