Final ppt (2).pptx pharmcy thesis medico seminar 4 th sem

pharmacy

1. SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY MATOSHRI COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, EKLAHARE , NASHIK - 422105 N0N - STEROIDAL ANTI- INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDs) : A CURRENT PERSPECTIVE SUBMITTED BY: Arti S. Shelke Final year B.Pharmacy Roll No.104 GUIDED BY: Miss. Swati S. Barve Page 1

2. Content: Introduction Purpose and Scope Objectives Literature Survey Chemistry and Classification of NSAIDs Mechanism of Action Pharmacology Of NSAIDs Adverse Effects Contraindications Therapeutic Uses Conclusion References Page 2

3. Introduction: NSAIDs, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are commonly prescribed for pain and inflammation. Despite their effectiveness, they pose significant adverse effects, especially in the elderly. Page 3

4. Aim : The Aim Of Non Steroidal Anti – Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is to provide relief from pain and reduce inflammation Page 4

5. Objectives: To provide effective pain relief . To reduce inflammation in the body . To improve physical function by reducing pain and inflammation. To enhanced quality of life . To management of chronic conditions. To individualized treatment. Page 5

6. Sr.No. Author Title Findings 1. Abdulla A et al. (2013) Guidance on the management of pain in older people. Comprehensive guidance on pain management in older people published in Age Ageing. 2. Onder G et al. (2004) NSAID-related psychiatric adverse events: who is at risk? Investigation into NSAID-related psychiatric adverse events and identification of at-risk individuals published in Drugs. 3. Pilotto A et al. (2003) NSAID and aspirin use by the elderly in general practice: effect on gastrointestinal symptoms and therapies. Examines NSAID and aspirin impact on elderly gastrointestinal symptoms and associated therapies in Drugs Aging. Literature Survey: Page 6

7. NSAIDs Structural Plasma Half Life Salicyclic Acid derivative Aryl and heteroaryl acetic acid derivatives Anthranilic acid derivative Indole and indene acetic acid derivative Enolic acid derivative Short – acting Chemistry and Classification of NSAIDs: Long - acting Page 7

8. Cell Membrane Archidonic Acid COX-1 COX-2 NSAIDs inhibit COX enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) to reduce prostaglandin synthesis. COX-1 inhibition leads to potential gastric mucosal damage, while COX-2 is inducible in inflammation. Varying degrees of selectivity exist, with coxibs having a higher affinity for COX-2. Prostaglandins Thromboxane Prostaglandins Regulation Inflammation Mechanism of Action: NSAIDs Coxibs Page 8

9. Pharmacology Of NSAIDs: Over 90% of NSAIDs bind to plasma proteins, influencing bioavailability. Metabolism, primarily through cytochrome P450 enzymes, varies among NSAIDs. Pharmacokinetic differences between enantiomers contribute to specificities in clearance and distribution. Page 9

10. Adverse Effects: Adverse effects affect the gastric mucosa, renal, cardiovascular, hepatic, and hematologic systems. Gastric effects result from COX-1 inhibition; renal complications may arise in patients with dysfunction. Cardiovascular risks include myocardial infarction and thromboembolic events, with diclofenac showing higher incidence. Hepatic effects are less common, and NSAIDs may pose hematologic risks, particularly with non-selective NSAIDs. Page 10

11. Contraindications: NSAIDs are contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs or salicylates. Contraindicated in those who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Avoided during the third trimester of pregnancy. Page 11

12. Therapeutic Uses: NSAIDs find extensive use in treating muscle pain, dysmenorrhea, arthritic conditions, pyrexia, gout, migraines, and as opioid-sparing agents in trauma cases. COX-2 selective NSAIDs, such as celecoxib, provide alternatives with lower risks. Page 12

13. Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of NSAIDs is crucial, especially in the elderly, considering their widespread use and potential adverse effects. Healthcare providers must weigh the benefits against risks when prescribing NSAIDs, implementing personalized approaches based on individual patient profiles. Page 13

14. Page 14 References: Abdulla A, Adams N, Bone M, Elliott AM, Gaffin J, Jones D, et al.(2013). Guidance on the management of pain in older people. Age Ageing, 42 Suppl 1: i1–-57. Onder G, Pellicciotti F, Gambassi G, Bernabei R (2004). NSAID-related psychiatric adverse events: who is at risk? Drugs, 64: 2619-2627. Pilotto A, Franceschi M, Leandro G, Di Mario F (2003). NSAID and aspirin use by the elderly in general practice: effect on gastrointestinal symptoms and therapies. Drugs Aging, 20: 701-710. M.R. Montinari , S. Minelli, R. De Caterina . The first 3500 years of aspirin history from its roots - A concise summary . Vasc.Pharmacol ., 113 (2019), pp. 1-8

15. Thank you ! Page 15