Fluid properties course for reservoir engineering

Reservoir Fluid properties

1. Reservoir Fluid PropertiesReservoir Fluid Properties

Preparation for Reservoir Engineering Preparation for Reservoir Engineering
and Simulation Studiesand Simulation Studies

2. DESIGNED FORDESIGNED FOR
Reservoir, production and Reservoir, production and
facilities engineers who have facilities engineers who have
a need to determine values a need to determine values
of reservoir fluid properties of reservoir fluid properties
for engineering studies and for engineering studies and
reservoir simulationreservoir simulation

3. You Will Learn How ToYou Will Learn How To
•Identify the type of fluid in a particular reservoir and in Identify the type of fluid in a particular reservoir and in
general how that fluid will behave during productiongeneral how that fluid will behave during production
•Use laboratory data to determine values of fluid Use laboratory data to determine values of fluid
properties for use in engineering calculationsproperties for use in engineering calculations
•Use correlations to determine values of fluid properties Use correlations to determine values of fluid properties
in the absence of laboratory datain the absence of laboratory data
•Select the best available fluid property correlations for Select the best available fluid property correlations for
oils, gases, and oilfield watersoils, gases, and oilfield waters

6. FluidFluid Properties & PVTProperties & PVT

Phase Behavior and Reservoir Type.Phase Behavior and Reservoir Type.

Importance of good Sampling PracticesImportance of good Sampling Practices

Sampling Procedures: Subsurface & Surface Sampling Procedures: Subsurface & Surface
Recombination and Well Head SamplingRecombination and Well Head Sampling

Laboratory Experiment should Reflect Reservoir Laboratory Experiment should Reflect Reservoir
ProcessProcess

Flash & Differential LiberationFlash & Differential Liberation

PVT Report & Properties CorrelationPVT Report & Properties Correlation

7. Phase BehaviorPhase Behavior
Single, Binary & Multicomponent SystemSingle, Binary & Multicomponent System
Black & Volatile OilBlack & Volatile Oil
Rich & Lean CondensateRich & Lean Condensate
Various FluidsVarious Fluids
Gas-Cap Gas & Associated OilGas-Cap Gas & Associated Oil
High Pressure Separator Gas & LiquidHigh Pressure Separator Gas & Liquid

8. Phase BehaviorPhase Behavior
Reservoir fluids are complex mixtures of many Reservoir fluids are complex mixtures of many
hydrocarbons and other compounds.hydrocarbons and other compounds.
The Intensive properties of a fluid are functions of : The Intensive properties of a fluid are functions of :
Composition, Density, Viscosity, Press., Temp.Composition, Density, Viscosity, Press., Temp.
The Extensive properties: Pound, Cu.ft Barrel...The Extensive properties: Pound, Cu.ft Barrel...
Non-Hydrocarbon:- N2,CO2,H2S…..Non-Hydrocarbon:- N2,CO2,H2S…..
Light Paraffin Hydrocarbon:- CH4,C2,C3….Light Paraffin Hydrocarbon:- CH4,C2,C3….
Heavier Hydrocarbon” OIL” : C7+….Heavier Hydrocarbon” OIL” : C7+….

9. DefinitionsDefinitions
Bubble Point PressureBubble Point Pressure: is the pressure at which the first : is the pressure at which the first
gas bubble will release from solutiongas bubble will release from solution..
Dew Point PressureDew Point Pressure: is the pressure above which liquid : is the pressure above which liquid
will condense , “Gas = Vapor ”will condense , “Gas = Vapor ”
Cricondenbar PressureCricondenbar Pressure: is the maximum pressure at : is the maximum pressure at
which two phases can occur.which two phases can occur.
CricondenthermCricondentherm: is the maximum Temperature at which : is the maximum Temperature at which
two phases can occur.two phases can occur.
Critical PointCritical Point: is the point at which all intensive : is the point at which all intensive
Properties of the gas & Liquid phases are equalProperties of the gas & Liquid phases are equal..

10. Differential Liberation TestDifferential Liberation Test
Oil
Oil
Oil
Oil
HG
GasGas
HG
HG
HG
Oil
Gas
HG
1 -reduce
Pressure
2 -Achieve
equilibrium
3 -Vent gas
@constant P2
4 -all gas
vented
5 -Equil.
At Ps
V
1
=
V
b
T
s
Residual Oil
P1 = Pb
P2 < Pb P2 < Pb P2 < Pb

11. LiberationLiberation ProcessesProcesses
Flash LiberationFlash Liberation : Gas which is released from : Gas which is released from
solution remains in contact with the oil ( a constant solution remains in contact with the oil ( a constant
composition process)composition process)
Differential LiberationDifferential Liberation : the free gas is removed : the free gas is removed
while maintaining pressure. Flow in reservoirs while maintaining pressure. Flow in reservoirs
with any appreciable vertical permeability will with any appreciable vertical permeability will
approximate a differential process while tubing , approximate a differential process while tubing ,
surface equipment are flash processsurface equipment are flash process

12. The Five Reservoir FluidsThe Five Reservoir Fluids

Black OilBlack Oil

Volatile OilVolatile Oil

Retrograde Gas Retrograde Gas

Wet GasWet Gas

Dry GasDry Gas

13. Phase Diagram – Pure ComponentPhase Diagram – Pure Component
Liquid
Gas
C
Solid
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
Temperature
Vapor – Pressure line
M
e
ltin
g
- P
o
in
t lin
e
Tc
Pc

14. Phase Diagram of Typical Black OilPhase Diagram of Typical Black Oil

15. Phase Diagram of Typical Dry GasPhase Diagram of Typical Dry Gas

16. Phase Diagram of Typical Wet GasPhase Diagram of Typical Wet Gas

17. Phase Diagram of Typical Retrograde GasPhase Diagram of Typical Retrograde Gas

18. Phase Diagram of Typical Volatile OilPhase Diagram of Typical Volatile Oil

19. Phase Diagram Phase Diagram
of Reservoir of Reservoir
Fluid MixtureFluid Mixture

27. AMAL Field - PVT (Bo)
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
Pressure, psi
B
o
,

b
b
l/
s
t
b
#9 DST#4
#11 DST#1
#11 DST#3
#14
#9
#11 DST#2
#13
#7
#10
#9 DST#2
#9 DST#4
#11
#7
Figure (55)

28. Amal Field - GOR (PVT-Lab)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
Pressure, psi
S
C
F
/
S
T
B
#9 DST#4
#11 DST#1
#11 DST#3
#14
#9
#11 DST#2
#13
#7
#10
#9 DST#2
#9 DST#4
#11
Figure (56)

29. AMAL Field - Kareem Reservoir - PVT (Bo)
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Pressure, psi
B
o
,

b
b
l/
s
t
b
#9 DST#4
#11 DST#1
#11 DST#3
#11 DST#2
#13
#10
#9 DST#4
#11
Figure (57)

30. AMAL Field - R-1 Reservoir - PVT (Bo)
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Pressure, psi
B
o
,

b
b
l/
s
t
b
#9 #9 DST#2
Figure (58)

31. AMAL Field - R-7 Reservoir - PVT (Bo)
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
Pressure, psi
B
o
,

b
b
l/
s
t
b
#13 #7
Figure (59)

32. Amal Field - Kareem Reservoir Adjusted Bo (FVF)
Sample of well #11 DST #2
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Pressure, psi
F
V
F

(
B
o
)
,

b
b
l/
s
t
b
DVA Bo
Adjusted Bo
`
Figure (60)

33. Amal Field -R-1 Reservoir Adjusted Bo (FVF)
Sample of well #9 DST #2
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Pressure, psi
F
V
F

(
B
o
)
,

b
b
l/
s
t
b
DVA Bo
Adjusted Bo
`
Figure (61)

34. Amal Field -R-7 Reservoir Adjusted Bo (FVF)
Sample of well #13
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Pressure, psi
F
V
F

(
B
o
)
,

b
b
l/
s
t
b
DVA Bo
Adjusted Bo
`
Figure (62)