forensic_entomolgy_notes.pdfnjskskkdidys

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1. T. Trimpe 2009 http://sciencespot.net/
Warning: Some material in this presentation and related
videos may be too graphic for some people.

2. Forensic entomologists
apply their knowledge of entomology to provide
information for criminal investigations
The Forensic Entomologist

3. What do they do?
A forensic entomologist’s job may include:
•Identification of insects at various stages of their life cycle, such as eggs, larva,
and adults.
•Collectionandpreservationofinsectsasevidence.
•DetermininganestimateforthePostmortemIntervalorPMI(thetimebetween
deathandthediscoveryofthebody)
Usethefollowingfactors:
•insectevidence
•weatherconditions,
•locationandconditionofthebody,etc.
•Testifyingincourttoexplaininsect-relatedevidencefoundatacrimescene.
Didyouknow?Maggotscanbeusedtotestacorpse
forthepresenceofpoisonsordrugs.Somedrugs
canspeeduporslowdowntheinsect’sdevelopment.
Cool Jobs: Forensic Entomology
Discovery Video

4. Insects as Evidence
Forensicentomologistsusetheirknowledgeofinsectsandtheir
1.Lifecycles
2.behaviors
……togivethemcluesaboutacrime.
Mostinsectsusedininvestigationsareintwomajororders:
1 –Flies (Diptera) and
2 –Beetles (Coleoptera)
Blow Fly Carrion Beetle
Images: Top Right -http://www.insectinvestigations.com/aboutfe.htm, Chart -http://www.clt.uwa.edu.au/__data/page/112507/fse07_forensic_entomology.pdf

5. •Species succession
–Species can:
1.Feed on a fresh corpse
2.Feed on an old corpse
3.Prey on the insects feeding on the corpse.
Insects as Evidence

6. Weather
Investigatorswillmakenoteofthetemperatureofthe:
1.Air
2.groundsurface
3.theinterfaceareabetweenthebodyandtheground
4.thesoilunderthebodyaswell
5.thetemperatureinsideanymaggotmasses.
Theywillalsocollectweatherdatarelatedtodailytemperature(highs/lows)and
precipitationforaperiodoftimebeforethebodywasdiscoveredtothetimetheinsect
evidencewascollected.
Did you know…
The“BodyFarm”inKnoxville,Tennesseeisauniversity
researchfacilitytoinvestigatehumandecompositionunder
variousconditionsinordertounderstandthefactorswhich
affectitsrate.
Click the image to view a
video about the Body Farm!
Other Factors

7. 1.Wasthebodyenclosedinanareaorwrappedina
materialthatwouldhavepreventedfliesfrom
findingthecorpseandlayingeggs?
2.Wereotherinsectspeciespresentthatmayhave
affectedthedevelopmentofthecollectedspecies?
3.Weretheredrugsorotherpoisonsinoronthebody
thatmighthaveaffectedthelarvae’sdevelopment?
Other Factors That May Affect PMI
Estimates

8. Image: http://www.umext.maine.edu/images/FlyLife.jpg
Information: http://www.kathyreichs.com/entomology.htm and http://www.forensicentomologist.org/
Blow Fly Metamorphosis
1st–Adultflieslayeggsonthecarcassespeciallyat
woundareasoraroundtheopeningsinthebodysuch
asthenose,eyes,ears,anus,etc.
2nd–Eggshatchintolarva(maggots)in12-24hours.
3rd–Larvaecontinuetogrowandmolt(shedtheir
exoskeletons)astheypassthroughthevariousinstar
stages.
1st Instar -5 mm long after 1.8 days
2nd Instar -10 mm long after 2.5 days
3rd Instar –14-16 mm long after 4-5 days
4th–Thelarvae(17mm)developintopupaafter
burrowinginsurroundingsoil.
5th–Adultfliesemergefrompupacasesafter6-8
days.
Blowfliesareattractedtodeadbodiesandoftenarrivewithinminutesofthedeathofan
animal.Theyhaveacompletelifecyclethatconsistsofegg,larva,pupa,andadultstages.
It takes approximately 14-16 days from egg to
adult depending on the temperatures and
humidity levels at the location of the body.
Adult
Eggs
Pupa
3
rd
Instar
Larva
2
nd
Instar
Larva
1
st
Instar
Larva

9. Examples of Diptera (Flies)
Informational Source: http://naturalsciences.org/files/documents/csi_tg_overview.doc
Images: Top Left -http://www.scienceinschool.org/repository/images/issue2forensic3_large.jpg, Middle-Left: http://forensicfact.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/blowfly053.jpg,
Top Right -http://users.usachoice.net/~swb/forensics/P1.jpg, Bottom -http://www.deathonline.net/decomposition/corpse_fauna/flies/index.htm
Flesh Fly
(Sarcophagidae)
Striped thorax
Blow & Greenbottle Flies
(Calliphoridae)
Metallic thorax and abdomen
House Fly
(Muscidae)
Cheese Skipper
(Piophilidae)
Early Stage
Decomposition
Late Stage
Decomposition
Life Cycle of a
Calliphoridae Fly

10. Examples of Coleoptera (Beetles)
Informational Source: http://naturalsciences.org/files/documents/csi_tg_overview.doc
Images: http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/library/spotid/coleoptera/coleoptera.html & http://www.forensicflies.com/beetles.htm
Carrion Beetles(Silphidae)
Adults & larvae feed on fly larvae
Early to Late Stage Decomposition
Late Stage Decomposition
Rove Beetles
(Staphylinidae)
Predator of fly eggs
Early Stage Decomposition
Hide Beetles
(Scarabidae)
Usually the last to arrive
Clown Beetles
(Histeridae)
Predator of fly eggs
Ham & Checkered Beetles
(Cleridae)
Predator of flies & beetles;
also feed on dead tissueSkin Beetles (Dermestidae)
Feed on dried skin & tissues

11. Click the image above or click here to visit the website at
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/crime-scene-creatures/interactive-determine-the-time-of-death/4390/
Let’s give it a try …