FORENSICS case study .pptx

about the case study of bali bombings 2002

1. Submitted By Name – Abhishek Das Course -BSc-MSc Forensic Science Application No.-211029014680 Enrollment No.-103FSBSMS2122004 Submitted To Dr. Rutwik Shedge Assistant Professor NFSU- Tripura Campus Topic: CASE STUDY

2. CASE STUDY ON: THE BALI BOMBINGS(2002)

3. CONTENT OVERVIEW CASE READING LEGAL PROCEEDINGS FORENSIC ANALYSIS SAMPLE COLLECTION MOBILE LABORATORY SAMPLE TESTING

4. Overview The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali. The attack killed 202 people (including 88 Australians, 38 Indonesians, 23 Brits, and people of more than 20 other nationalities).A further 209 people were injured. Overview Bali is Indonesia’s most popular tourist vacation spot. A typical Saturday night in Kuta, the nightlife capital of Bali, began in full swing as backpackers, surfers, and tourists started to make way to the main drag, Jalan Legian . One of Jalan Legian’s known hot spots was the exclusive Sari club. Sari was for visitors only and the place to be that night if you were Australian or a western tourist. October is peak vacation time for young Australians, much as Cancun, Mexico, is a popular destination for college students during spring break in America.

5. Case Reading The attack involved the detonation of three bombs: Backpack-mounted device carried by a suicide bomber Large car bomb, both of which were detonated in or near popular nightclubs in Kuta Third much smaller device detonated outside the United States consulate in Denpasar, causing only minor damage. An audio-cassette purportedly carrying a recorded voice message from Osama bin Laden stated that the Bali bombings were in direct retaliation for support of the United States' War on Terror and Australia's role in the liberation of East Timor. At 23:05 Central Indonesian Time on 12 October 2002, a suicide bomber inside the nightclub Paddy's Pub (sometimes referred to as Paddy’s Irish Bar) detonated a bomb in his backpack, causing many patrons, with or without injuries, to immediately flee into the street. Twenty seconds later, a second and much more powerful car bomb hidden inside a white Mitsubishi van was detonated by another suicide bomber outside the Sari Club, a renowned open-air thatch-roof bar located opposite Paddy's Pub.

6. L EGAL PROCEEDINGS The investigations that followed the terrorist attack was named “Operation Alliance” which involved Australian Federal Police (AFP), Indonesian National Police (INP), Victoria Police Forensic Services Centre (VPFSC), Britain Forensic Explosives Laboratory (FEL), etc. T he terrorist organization  Jemaah Islamiyah  w as responsible for the bombings which was also linked by the Indonesian government to  al-Qaeda. T he   U.S. Department of State   designated Jemaah Islamiyah as a foreign terrorist organization.  A week after Abu Bakar Bashir, the spiritual leader of Jemaah Islamiyah was arrested. In March 2005 Bashir was found guilty of conspiracy and was sentenced to two and a half years of imprisonment. The planner of the Bali terrorist operation, Imam Samudra and Ali Ghufron , was arrested in November 2002 and December 2002 and were sentenced to death a year later.  Azahari Husin and Dulmatin , were suspected of building and triggering the bombs and were killed during police raids

7. Forensic Analysis Bomb 1 – Tiny fragments of tartan fabric were recovered from site surrounding the blast epicenter. Connective tissue and spatter marks were visible on the ceiling above the epicenter. Absence of a crater 1-5 Kg of TNT packed into 5 lengths of PVC pipe sewn into a vest, set off by a suicide bomber Bomb 2 - Inspection number found on chassis rail of car was traced back to owner. Approx. 1 tonne of explosive packed into 12 filing cabinets in a van, cabinets connected via detonating chord made from PETN, explosives a mixture of potassium chlorate, sulphur and aluminum boosted with TNT, the power was equivalent to 150 Kg TNT, set off by a suicide bomber. Bomb 3 – It was the smallest bomb and craters and fragments were found. Small amount of TNT set off by a mobile phone.

8. Sample Collection Blast scenes are complex due to the spread of microscopic fragments that can contaminate evidence . The concentration of the inorganic ion must be significantly higher in and around the crater than in the background. The main blast produced a fire which was fought with water, compromising much of the blast scene. “Mobile laboratory” was used to gather evidence in a timely matter.

9. Mobile Laboratory Nearby motel room was cleared and equipped with a microscope and camera, an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), a portable infra-red spectrometer (FT-IR), reagents for presumptive tests. Produces rapid tentative results . Samples must still be sent to main lab for exhaustive analysis . Sample Testing Chlorate ion was detected in 6/2000 samples analyzed which was considered significant because the highly reactive nature of chlorate ions make it difficult to persist in the environment. Sites it was detected on include the crevices of the blast crater, and on lamp posts facing the blast. t was argued that the chlorate ions originated from unburnt matches falling during the blast so samples were taken from elevated surfaces. Scientists from FEL searched the pitting of aluminum street signs that had been blasted to nearby rooftops using an SEM EDX. They reported elevated levels of chloride, low levels of chlorate, and no sulphur was detected.

10. Presence of TNT at two of the sites was detected by IMS and confirmed by both GC–TEA and GC–NCI/MS

11. THAT BRINGS ME TO THE END OF MY PRESENTATION THANK YOU