FRACTURE and types of fracture problems .pptx

i was deal the major types of problems in fracture situation how to deal the situation and manage the injury

1. CHHATTISGARH ,NURSING COLLEGE DHANORA, BHILAI SEMINAR ON PRESENTED TO PRESENTED BY MR. PRINCE VARGHESE SIR PRINCIPAL MR. VINAY KUMAR BSC NURSING 3 RD SEM. 13 TH BATCH CNC DHANORA , BHILAI TOPIC - FRACTURE SUBJECT – ADULT HEALTH NURSING – I

2. INTRODUCTION : - IT IS THE DISRUPTION IN THE CONTINUTY OF BONE. IT OCCURS WHEN THE BONE IS SUBJECTED TO STRESS GREATER THEN THE BONE CAN ABSORB. IT IS CAUSED BY DIRECT BLOWS , CRUSHING FORCE , EXTREME MUSCLE CONTRACTION AND SUDDEN TWISTING MOTION , WHEN IT OCCURS , NEARBY STRUCTURE IS ALSO AFFECTED RESULT IN SOFT TISSUE EDEMA , HEMORRHAGE INTO THE MUSCLE AND JOINTS, JOINTS DISLOCATION ,RUPTURED TENDONS, SEVERE NERVE AND DAMAGED THE BLOOD VESSELS.

3. DEFINITION : - ‘’ACCORDING TO DR. MANJUBALA DAS’’ A FRACTURE IS A COMPLETE OR INCOMPLETE BREAK IN A BONE RESULTING FORM THE APPLICATION OF EXCESSIVE FORCE. ‘’ACCORDING TO DR. ABHISHEK SUKLA’’ A FRACTURE IS ANY DISRUPTION IN THE NORMAL CONTINUTY OF A BONE .WHEN FRACTURE IS OCCURS, SURROUNDING SOFT TISSUE ARE AFTEN DAMAGED AS WELL .

4. INCIDENCE : - THE OVERALL INCIDENCE WAS 1229 FRACTURES PER 100000 INDIVIDUALS PER YEAR. THIS GIVES A PERSON YEARLY FRACTURE INCIDENCE RATE OF 1.2%.

5. CLASSIFICATION : - FRACTURE ARE MOTSLY COMMON TWO TYPE - OPEN OR COMPO U ND FRACTURE CLOSE OR SIMP LE FRACTURE

6. CLASSIFICATIONS BASED ON THE SEVERITY OF BREAKAGE - COMPLETE OR COMMINUTED FRACTURE 2 ) INCOMPLETE FRACTURE

7. 3 ) DISPLACED FRACTURE 4 ) HAIRLINE FRACTURE

8. • CLASSIFICATION BY FRACTURE PATTERN - 1 ) LINEAR FRACTURE 2 ) TRANSVERS FRACTURE

9. 3 ) OBLIQUE FRACTURE 4 ) SPIRAL FRACTURE

10. 5 ) DEPRESSED FRACTURE 6 ) LONGITUDINAL FRACTURE

11. CLASSIFICATION BY TYPES OF FRACTURE - 1 ) AVULSION FRACTURE 2) COMPRESSION FRACTURE

12. 3 ) GREEN STICK FRACTURE 4 ) IMPACTED FRACTURE

13. 5 ) STRESS FRACTURE 6 ) PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURE

14. • CLASSIFICATION BY EPONYM- 1 ) COLLES’S FRACTURE 2 ) POTT’S FRACTURE

15. • CLASSIFICATION BY ANATOMIC LOCATION- 1 ) ARTICULAR FRACTURE

16. 2 ) EXTRA CAPSULAR FRACTURE 3 ) INTRA CAPSULAR FRACTURE 4 ) EPIPHYSEAL FRACTURE

17. DIGNOSTIC EVALUATION : - HISTORY TAKING

18. Physical examination

19. BLOOD TEST

20. BONE DENSITY TEST

21. CT SCAN & MRI

22. X-RAY

23. ANGIOGRAPHY

24. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT- DRUG NAME DOSE /ROUTE ACTION SIDE EFFECTS N. RESPONSIBILITY ALENDRONATE (FOSAMAX) TAB 10MG ORAL PREVENT OF BREAK DOWN OF BONE & INCREASING BONE DENSITY HEADACHE,GI IRRITATION CONFUSION HAS OCCURED BETWEEN FOSAMAX AND FLOMAX TERIPARATIDE ) TAB 20MCG SUBCUTANEOUS STIMULATE NEW BONE GROWTH, INCREASE BONE DENSITY MUSCLE SPASM,GI DISTURBANCE ANY ALLERGIC REACTION DR. CONCULT AND INFORM

25. CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D ( TAB ) 500MG BD ORAL CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D WORK TOGETHER TO BUILD AND MAINTAIN HEALTHY BONE NAUSEA ,VOMITING, MUSCLE WEAKNESS INCREASE THIRST CHECK THE EXPIRY DATE PF MEDICINE TAB/INJ. 200 -400 REDUCE PAIN FEELING AND CHECK NON- MG/BD DECREASE FEVER BEING SICK THE STEROIDAL INJ. AND SWELLING STOMACH PAIN PHYSICIAN ANTI- INJ.2ML/ FEELING TIRED CONSUN- INFLAMMA- OD AND SLEEPY TRATION TORY ORAL/INJ. DRUG {IBUPROFEN} INJ. 60 MG/ML TO TREAT INCREASE ALLERGIC CHECK THE DENOSUMAB RISK FOR FRACTURE REACTION LIKE- SKIN {PROLIA} SUB- AND OSTEOPOROSIS SKIN RASH SENSITIVITY CUTANEOUS ITCHING DIZZINESS

26. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT : - 1) REDUCTION -- REDUCTION ARE TWO TYPE - I ) CLOSED REDUCTION II ) OPEN REDUCTION

27. 2 )ARTHROPLASTY

28. 3 ) BONE GRAFTING

29. 4 ) IMMOBILIZATIONS

30. DIETARY MANAGEMENT :- 1 ) ADVICE TO RESTRICT FAT INTAKE . 2 ) PROVIDE HIGH PROTIEN , VITAMIN DIET.

31. 3 ) CARBOHYDRATE DITE FOR SUPPLY ENERGY INTO THE BODY . 4 ) ADVICE TO EAT BALANCE DIET FOR WOUND AND BONE HEALING IN FRACTURE .

32. 5 ) INTAKE LIMITED SALT BECAUSE IT IS REDUSE QUANTITY OF CALCIUM AND CREATE BONE DENSITY.

33. COMPLICATION : - 1 ) BONE HEALS IN THE WORNG POSITION .

34. 2 ) DISRUPTION OF BONE GROWTH .

35. 3 ) BONE OR BONE MARROW INFECTION .

36. 4 ) BONE DEATH

37. 5 ) NERVE DAMAGE

38. 6 ) FAT EMBOLISM

39. PREVENT I ON : - 1 ) ALWAYS WEAR YOUR SEATBELT. 2 ) WEAR THE RIGHT PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR ALL ACTIVITIES AND SPORTS . ) FOLLOW A DITE AND EXERCISE PLAN THAT WILL HELP YOU MAINTAIN BONE HEALTH. 4 ) A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE WILL NO SMOKING OR EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL INTAKE. 5 ) PERFORM REGULAR STRETCHES AND FLEXIBILITY IMBALANCES.

40. CONCLUSION : - A FRACTURE IS BREAK IN THE CONTINUITY OF A BONE . FRACTURE RANGE FROME SMALL PARTIAL CRACKS TO COMPLETE BREAKS AND CAN OCCUR IN ANY BONE .PHYSICAL TRAUMA ,OVERUSE,AND CONDITION SUCH AS OSTEOPOROSIS ARE THE MOST COMMON CAUSES OF FRACTURES , ADDITIONALLY,A PERSONS BONES TYPICALLY BECOME WEAKER THROUGH LATE ADUITHOOD . THIS INCREASES RISK OF FRACTURING A BONE.