Frame types and parts

information about spectacles frames.
frame types and parts
frame types
bridge types
temple type
endpiece type.

1. Frame Types and Parts By Ayushi PATEL 2 ND YEAR BHARATIMAIYA COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY.

2. What is frame? The frame ids that portion of the spectacles that holds the lenses containing the ophthalmic prescription in their proper position in front of the eyes.

3. Frame front

4. Parts of temple

5. Parts of spectacles frame

6. Bridge: that area of the frame front between the lenses that rests on the nose. The rim going around the lenses is known as the EYEWIRE or RIM. The outer areas of the frame front to the extreme left and right where the temples attach are known as the ENDPIECE A few plastic frames may still have a metal shield,on the front of the endpiece to which rivets are attached to hold the hinge in place. The HINGE hold the temples to the front,and consist of an odd number of interfitting barrels the total number being 3,5,7.

7. The HINGE hold the temples to the front,and consist of an odd number of interfitting barrels the total number being 3,5,7.

8. NOSEPADS:- SOME FRAMES HAVE NOSE PADS,WHICH ARE PLASTIC PIECES THAT REST ON THE NOSE TO SUPPORT THE FRAME. THESE MAY BE DIRECTLY ATTACHED TO THE FRAME OR TO CONNECTING METAL PIECE KNOWN AS GUARD ARMS AND PAD ARMS.

9. We have to look at this in this chapter is as described below: Frame types Bridge types Endpiece construction Temple construction

10. Frame types plastic frames:

11. P lastic frames are made of some type of plastic material.plastic frames were occasionally referred to as shell frames,dating back to the time when eyeglass frames were made of tortoise shell. these term has fallen into disuse. P lastic eyewear refers to eyeglass frames made of CP, PP, polycarbonate (PC), nylon, and cellulose acetate. In addition to their being a superior option for hiding edge thickness, giving the frame a light-weight appearance, plastic frames can also protect lenses from popping out or bending out of shape due to impact. These characteristics highlight the durability of plastic eyewear, and the most common plastic eyewear on the market includes injection molded , nylon, acetate, TR90, Ultem frames and more . P lastic frame generally known as “ZYL” (cellulose nitrate) it is highly flammable and no longer to used for spectacles.

12. METAL FRAMES M etal frames are those made of all metal parts ,except for the nose pads and the posterior temple sections,which are plastic covered.the eyewire runs completely around the lens.

13. Nylon cord frames N ylon cord frames sometimes called string mounted frames or nylon supras hold the lenses in place by means of a nylon cord that fits around the edge of the lens.this gives the glasses the appearance of being rimless.usually the top of the lens is fitted into the upper rim of the frames.the rest of the lens has a small groove cut into an otherwise flat edge.

14. combination C ombination frames are commonly frames having a metal chasis and plastic top rims and temples.the chassis includes the eyewire and center or bridge section. Although this is the most common construction technically any frame with a combination of metal and plastic could be included in this category as in the case of a frame with plastic eyewires and metal bridge and temples.

15. Half-eye H alf eye are frames made especially for those who need a reading correction but no correction for distance. They are constructed to sit lower on the nose than normal,and are only half as high as normal glasses. This allows the wearer to look over the top of the glasses. They may be of plastic ,metal or even nylon cord construction. Less common are half eyes for distant vision,which allow the wearer to look under the lenses for reading.

16. Rimless R imless mountings hold the lenses in place by some method other than eyewire or nylon cords. Often screws are used but cement,clamps and plastic posts have been used.most rimless mountings have two areas of attachment per lense , one nasally and one temporally . It also known as 3-piece mountings.

17. Semirimless S emirimless mountings are similer to the rimless except for a metal reinforcing arm which follows the upper posterior surface of the lens and joins the centerpiece of the frame to the endpiece.the centerpiece of a mounting consists of bridge pad arms and pads.

18. Numont N umont mountings hold the lenses in place only at their nasal edge.they are seldom seen today .the lenses are attached at the bridge are and the temples are attached to a metal arm that extends along the posterior surface temporally. Thus there is only one point of attachment per lens.

19. Other mountings B algrip mountings secure the lens in place with clips attached to a bar of tensile steel that fits into a nasal and a temporal notch on each side of the lens. The lens can be easily removed by pulling the clips back from the lens. For this reason this type of mountings can be used with more than one pair of lenses for the same frame. Sun lenses ,special purpose lenses or tinted lenses could then be used interchangeably with patient’s regular lenses.

20. BRIDGE TWO TYPES OF BRIDGE: Plastic bridges : the bridge area of a plastic frames is performed and sits directly on the bridge of the nose. Metal bridges

21. PLASTIC BRIDGE: S addle bridge: It shaped like a saddle in a smooth curve and follows the bridge of the nose. This spreads the weight of the frame evenly over the sides and crest of the nose.

22. M odified saddle bridge: In front part the bridge area looks much the same as the saddle bridge. But there are nose pads are more extends of the back of the bridge. Helps to carry some weight of the frame .

23. K eyhole bridge: It shaped like an old fashioned keyhole. At the top the bridge flares out slightly The bridge rest on the sides of the nose but not on the crest.

24. METAL BRIDGE C omfort bridge: When a metal frame is equipped with a clear plastic saddle type bridge it called comfort bridge.

25. M etal saddle bridge: Originally designed to rest directly on the crest of the nose. Metal saddle bridge is just for decorative purpose.

26. ENDPIECE P lastic endpiece construction Butt type :- in which the front is straight and the temple butt is flat and both meet at a 90-degree angle. Mitre type:- temple butt to meet at a 45 degree angle. Turn back type:- the frame front bends around and meets the temple end to end.

27. Metal endpiece construction Turn back metal endpiece :- the traditional metal endpiece has a construction similar to the turn back endpiece . Some metal endpiece are not really endpiece at all.the endpiece and temple are one continuous piece of material as in this wrap endpiece design.

28. TEMPLE CONSTRUCTION S kull temple: Bend down behind the ear and follow the contour of the skull , resting evenly against it. the bent down portion is narrower at the top of the ear and widens towards the end .

29. L ibrary temple Usually begin with an average width at the butt and increase in width posteriorly .they are practically striagth and hold glasses on primarily by pressure against the side of the head. Known as striaght -back temples.

30. C onvertible temples Originally designed so they could be bent doen to take on the form of skull temples and converted from the straight back to the skull design.

31. R iding bow temple Curve around the ear. they are used in childern’s and safety frames.

32. C omfort cable temple Shaped same as riding bow temple. But are of metal construction with the curl,or behind the ear portion constructed from a flexible coiled cable.