Gasdynamics and propulsion For Aeronautical and aerospace PEoples

Gasdynamics and propulsion Theory

1. MEL 341 : GAS DYNAMICS & PROPULSION
P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
We learn this course as Gas dynamics for
Propulsion

2. Course Overview
•This undergraduate level course teaches the principles of
jet propulsion.
•The primary focus of the course is on the teaching of
thermodynamics and Gas dynamics in aircraft engines.
•The course provides information that will enable the
engineering analysis of
•ramjets and turbine engines and
•its separate components including inlets, nozzles,
combustion chambers, compressors, and turbines.

3. Course Objectives
•Students successfully completing MEL 341 will get:
•A basic understanding of thermodynamic cycles of jet
engines.
•A basic understanding of the compressible fluid flow in
inlets and compressors and turbines.
•A basic understanding of the combustion physics in
combustion chambers.
•A basic understanding of the rational behind several types
of jet engines.
•The ability to analyze jet engines; determine propulsion
efficiency and design inlets and nozzles.

4. Course Contents
•UNIT- I: PROPULSION
• Aircraft Propulsion – introduction -- Early aircraft engines --
Types of aircraft engines -- Reciprocating internal combustion
engines -- Gas turbine engines -- Turbo jet engine -- Turbo fan
engine -- Turbo-prop engine
•Aircraft propulsion theory: thrust, thrust power, propulsive and
overall efficiencies -- Problems.
• UNIT- II: THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF IDEAL
PROPULSION CYCLES
• Thermodynamic analysis of turbojet engine – Study of subsonic
and supersonic engine models -- Identification and Selection of
optimal operational parameters. Need for further development –
Analysis of Turbojet with after burner.

5. •Thermodynamic analysis of turbofan engine – Study of
subsonic and supersonic systems -- Identification and
selection of optimal operational parameters. Design of fuel
efficient engines – Mixed flow turbo fan engine – Analysis
of Turbofan with after burner.
•Thermodynamic analysis of turbo-prop engine –
Identification and selection of optimal operational
parameters.

6. UNIT –III: GAS DYNAMICS OF PASSIVE
COMPONENTS OF TURBO ENGINES
•FUNDAMENTALS OF GAS DYNAMICS : Energy equation for a
non-flow process -- Energy equation for a flow process -- The
adiabatic energy equation -- Momentum Equation --Moment of
Momentum equation -- Stagnation Velocity of Sound --Stagnation
Pressure -- Stagnation Density -- Stagnation State -- Velocity of
sound -- Critical states -- Mach number -- Critical Mach number --
Various regions of flow.
•ANALYSIS OF DIFFUSERS AND NOZZLES: Introduction –
study of intakes for subsonic and supersonic engines -- Comparison
of isentropic and adiabatic processes -- Mach number variation --
Area ratio as function of Mach numbers -- Impulse function -- Mass
flow rates -- Flow through nozzles -- Flow through diffusers –
Effect of friction -- Analysis of intakes for supersonic engines –
intakes with normal shock – oblique shocks – Study of special
supersonic nozzles and diffusers.

7. UNIT –IV: STUDY OF COMPRESSORS
•Design and Analysis of compressors – Classification –
analysis of centrifugal compressors – velocity triangles –
design of impellers and diffusers – analysis of axial flow
compressor – analysis of stage – characterization of stage
– design of multistage axial flow compressor –
Performances analysis of centrifugal and axial flow
compressors.
• 

8. •UNIT –V: GAS DYNAMICS OF COMBUSTORS
• Stoichimetry of combustion – calculation air-fuel ratio –
gas dynamics of combustors – thermal loading factors –
design and selection of combustors.
• UNIT –VI: STUDY OF TURBINES
•Concept of gas turbine – analysis of turbine stage –
velocity triangles and characterization of blades and stages
– Design of multistage axial flow turbine – Performance
analysis of turbines.
• UNIT –VI: ADDITIONAL TOPICS
•Thermodynamic analysis real turbo engine cycles –
performance analysis and thermodynamic optimization.
• Introduction to ramjets – study of rocket engines – study
of missile engines.

9. Books & References
•Jet Propulsion:
•Flack, R.D.., “Fundamentals of Jet Propulsion”, Cambridge University Press,
2005.
•Baskharone, E.A., “Principles of Turbomachinery in Air-Breathing Engines”,
Cambridge University Press, 2006.
•Kerrebrock J.L., “Aircraft Engines and Gas Turbines”, MIT Press, 1992.
•Mattingly, J.D., “Elements of Gas Turbine Propulsion”, McGraw-Hill Inc.,
1996.
•Gas Dynamics:
•Anderson, J.D., “Modern Compressible Flow: With Historical Perspective”,
McGrawHill, 2002.
•Zuker, R.D., and Biblarz, O.,”Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics”, John Wiley
& Sons Inc., 2002.
•Thompson, P. A. Compressible Fluid Dynamics. Maple Press Company, 1984.
•Saad, M.A.,”Compressible Fluid Flow”, Prentice-Hall, 1993.
•Liepmann, H., and A. Roshko. Elements of Gas Dynamics. John Wiley
Publishers, 1957.