Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) presentation .pptx

Welcome to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) overview.
Developed in 1974, GCS is vital for assessing consciousness in traumatic brain injury patients.

1. GLASGOW COMA SCALE Presented by: Muhammad Hussain (In charge of medicine ward) 3/25/2024 1

2. Glasgow Coma Scale: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to objectively describe the extent of impaired consciousness in all types of acute medical and trauma patients. The scale assesses patients according to three aspects of responsiveness: eye-opening, motor, and verbal responses. 3/25/2024 2

3. Glasgow Coma Scale: The GCS uses a triple criteria scoring system: Best eye opening (maximum 4 points) Best verbal response (maximum 5 points) Best motor response (maximum 6 points) (These scores are added together to provide a total score between 3 and 15) 3/25/2024 3

4. 1- Eye Opening Spontaneous: The patient opens their eyes without any external stimulation. (Score: 4) To speech: The patient opens their eyes in response to verbal stimulation. (Score: 3) To pain: The patient opens their eyes in response to painful stimuli, such as a pinch. (Score: 2) No response: The patient does not open their eyes. (Score: 1) 3/25/2024 4

5. 2.Verbal Response Oriented: The patient responds coherently and appropriately to questions about their name, location, and time. (Score: 5) Confused conversation: The patient responds, but their answers are disoriented and inappropriate. (Score: 4) Inappropriate words: The patient's speech is nonsensical and unrelated to the questions asked. (Score: 3) Incomprehensible sounds: The patient makes sounds, but they cannot be understood. (Score: 2) No response: The patient does not make any verbal sounds. (Score: 1) 3/25/2024 5

6. Motor Response: Obeys commands: The patient follows simple commands, such as "squeeze my hand" or "raise your eyebrows." (Score: 6) Localizes pain: The patient moves their body towards the source of a painful stimulus. (Score: 5) Withdraws from pain: The patient withdraws their body part when a painful stimulus is applied. (Score: 4) Abnormal flexion (decorticate posture): The patient exhibits abnormal posturing, with arms flexed towards the body and legs extended. (Score: 3) Extension (decerebrate posture): The patient exhibits abnormal posturing, with arms and legs extended. (Score: 2) No response: The patient does not exhibit any motor response. (Score: 1) 3/25/2024 6

7. GCS CHART: 3/25/2024 7

8. Difference b/w Adult and Child GCS Score: The main difference between the adult and child versions of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) lies in the scoring criteria for the verbal response component. The child version has modified scoring options that are more appropriate for assessing the verbal abilities of children at different developmental stages. 3/25/2024 8

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10. Modifications: In certain cases, when a patient is intubated (ETT: Endotracheal Tube) and on mechanical ventilation, and when they are under the influence of sedatives, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score may be modified to account for the sedation. This is known as the "Modified GCS score - ETT + vent - Sedative." 3/25/2024 10

11. ACTIVITY TIME 3/25/2024 11

12. Scenario 1: A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency room after a motorcycle accident. Upon arrival, his level of consciousness is assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Choose the correct answer for each question. 1. The patient opens his eyes spontaneously. What score would you assign for his eye opening? a)1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 2. When asked his name, the patient responds with inappropriate words. How would you score his verbal response? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 3. The patient withdraws his arm when a painful stimulus is applied. What score would you assign for his motor responses? a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6 3/25/2024 12 ANSWER IS 12/15

13. Scenario 2: A 35 years old man is brought into emergency room after motorcycle accident. Upon examination, his eyes open to pain stimuli, he groans incomprehensibly, and he exhibits extension (Decorticate) posturing in response to pain. What is his Glasgow Coma Scale score: ANSWER IS 6/15 3/25/2024 13

14. Scenario 3: A 68-year-old women is admitted to the hospital with a suspected stroke. She open her eyes spontaneously, but she is only able to produce incomprehensible sounds and exhibits Flexion decorticate posturing when her limbs are stimulated. What is her Glasgow Coma Scale score: ANSWER IS 9/15 3/25/2024 14

15. Scenario 4: A 20-year-old college student is brought to the emergency room after a fall from a significant height. He does not open his eyes even in response to painful stimuli, does not produce any verbal sounds, and exhibits no motor response. What is his Glasgow Coma Scale score? ANSWER IS 3/15, (which indicates the deepest level of coma). 3/25/2024 15

16. Scenario 5: A 42-year-old women is admitted to the hospital following a motor vehicle accident. She open her eyes in response to verbal commands, is able to speak coherently and answer questions appropriately, and obeys commands to move her limbs. What is her Glasgow Coma Scale score? ANSWER IS 14/15 3/25/2024 16

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