Global Fertility Trends And Patterns Group 5.pptx

Comprehensive and indepth trends of global fertility trends and patterns

1. Global Fertility Trends And Patterns Group 5

2. Agenda Introduction Definition of terms Global & Regional fertility Trends and Patterns Economic, Social, Demographic, biological factors Policy implications

3. Definition of Terms Fertility: the number of Children a women has/ actual childbearing perfomance Total fertility rate : The total number of births a woman wouldhave If she went through her reproductive years experiencing a given set of age specific fertility rates. Fecundity: the physiological ability to conceive. Replacement level fertility : Fertility Policy : these are government initiatives and regulations aimed at influencing birth rate and population growth of a country.

4. Regional and global fertility Trends

5. Global TFR

6. FERTILITY TRENDS

7. Factors that influence fertility Across different regions

8. Biological & Demographic

9. Fertility Policies 1.Pro natalist policies : Encourage people to have more children. E.g Parental leave, cash benefits and childcare support. 2.Anti natalist Policies : Discourage People from having large families. E.g Family Planning, education, access to contraception and economic incentives for smaller families. China s one child policy

10. Fertility differences Across Regions Persistence of high fertility : Common in Sub-Saharan Africa, parts of South Asia → due to low education, strong cultural values, and limited access to family planning. Low fertility : Common in Europe, East Asia → due to modernization, gender equality, and family planning.

11. IMPLICATIONS FOR POPULATION DYNAMICS High fertility lead to: rapid population growth, youth bulge pressure on education, employment, and resources. strain on services. Low fertility lead to: aging population shrinking labor force high dependency ratio. Global shift toward population stabilization

12. Policy implications

13. Low fertility

14. Policy effectiveness in addressing demographic challenges Context Policy Outcome High fertility (Africa) Education, contraception, health programs Moderate success; due to cultural barriers remaining Low fertility (Europe/Asia) Family-friendly policies, incentives Limited success; due to cultural values and economic stress hindering change

15. Conclusion Fertility trends show a decline in Global fertility Social, cultural, Biological and economic factors deeply shape fertility behaviour. Policies address both high and low fetility to maintain demographic balance and promote sustaianable development

16. Thank you