Grassroots-Democracy-Governance.pdf/6th class /social/samyans academy

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Governance is how decisions are made to organize society. It includes creating rules and ensuring everyone follows them.

The government creates and enforces these rules, playing a vital role in maintaining order and ensuring everything runs smoothly.

1. Grassroots Democracy:
Governance
Governance is how decisions are made to organize society. It includes creating
rules and ensuring everyone follows them.
The government creates and enforces these rules, playing a vital role in
maintaining order and ensuring everything runs smoothly.
by sandeep swamy

2. Understanding Governance
1
Community Living
Humans have always lived in
communities. With many
people together,
disagreements arise.
2
Rules and Laws
To keep everything fair and
peaceful, we need rules.
Important rules become laws.
3
Citizen Participation
Citizens can share opinions to help shape new rules as society grows and
changes.

3. Three Organs of Government
Legislature
Makes new laws through representatives
chosen by the people. They discuss,
change, and approve laws.
Executive
Carries out the laws created by the
legislature. Includes head of state,
ministers, and enforcement agencies.
Judiciary
The court system that explains laws and
decides if someone has broken them.
Determines appropriate penalties.

4. Checks and Balances
1
2
3
This separation of powers creates a system where each part can monitor the others. No one branch can overstep their limits.
Legislature Creates
Makes laws that govern society
Executive Implements
Enforces the laws through various
agencies
Judiciary Reviews
Interprets laws and ensures justice

5. Three Levels of Government in India
1
Centre/National
Handles national issues
2
State
Manages state-specific matters
3
Local
Addresses community concerns
Each level has distinct responsibilities, contributing to overall governance in India.

6. Local Government
Closest to People
Addresses issues specific to towns
or villages. Manages concerns
affecting small communities.
Daily Services
Handles rubbish collection, street
cleaning, and park maintenance.
Responds to minor local floods.
Community Focus
Takes care of immediate needs that affect daily life in neighborhoods.

7. State Government
Education
Oversees schools and
educational institutions
within the state.
Healthcare
Manages hospitals and
public health initiatives
across the region.
Transport
Develops and maintains
roads and
transportation systems
within state boundaries.
When problems affect multiple towns and villages, the State Government
intervenes and dispatches rescue teams to assist those in need.

8. Central Government
1
National Defense
Protects the country from external threats through military
forces.
2
Foreign Relations
Manages relationships with other countries through diplomacy.
3
Infrastructure
Develops large-scale projects that benefit the entire nation.
During major disasters affecting large areas, the Central Government provides
relief supplies and deploys the army to assist affected regions.

9. Evolution of Governance
1
Traditional Systems
Money transfers required visiting Post Offices or banks in person
about 30 years ago.
2
Digital Transformation
Technology has changed how societies operate, making
transactions faster and more convenient.
3
New Challenges
Rise in cybercrime has prompted governments to introduce new
laws to tackle online theft.

10. Combating Cybercrime
Legislature Creates Laws
Parliament passes laws against cybercrime to protect citizens in the digital
age.
Executive Enforces
Cyber police and other agencies track down criminals who steal money
online.
Judiciary Delivers Justice
Courts ensure criminals face appropriate consequences, including
fines and prison time.

11. How Government Branches Work Together
Think of government as a team with three key players. The legislature makes rules, the executive puts them into action, and the judiciary
ensures fairness.

12. The Legislature: Making Rules
Lok Sabha
The House of the People, where elected
representatives from constituencies across
India meet.
Rajya Sabha
The Council of States, representing the
interests of various states and territories.
Law-Making Process
Representatives discuss, modify, and vote
on laws that govern the nation.

13. The Executive: Implementing Rules
1
Head of State
President, Prime Minister, Chief Ministers
2
Ministers
Cabinet members with specific portfolios
3
Government Agencies
Police, administrative services, departments
The executive branch is responsible for implementing the laws created by the legislature. They ensure that rules are followed and services are
provided to citizens.

14. The Judiciary: Ensuring Justice
1
Supreme Court
Highest court in India, final interpreter of the
Constitution.
25
High Courts
Principal courts in states, supervise
subordinate courts.
672
District Courts
Handle most criminal and civil cases at local
level.
The judiciary functions like a referee, deciding if someone has broken the law and determining appropriate action, including punishment if
required.

15. Inspirations from Ancient
Texts
Institution Motto Meaning
Government of India Satyameva Jayate Truth alone triumphs
Supreme Court of
India
Yato Dharmastato
Jayah
Where there is
dharma, there is
victory
Many Indian institutions draw inspiration from ancient texts for their mottos,
emphasizing values like truth and righteousness in governance.

16. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
1
Humble Beginnings
Born in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu in 1931 to a humble family.
2
Scientific Achievements
Known as the 'Missile Man of India' for contributions to space and missile
programs.
3
Presidential Role
Served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007.
4
Connection with Youth
Remained close to people, especially youth, through dedication to
education and innovation.

17. Democracy: Rule of the People
Youth (18-25) Adults (26-45) Middle-aged (46-60) Seniors (61+)
Democracy comes from Greek words 'demos' (people) and 'kratos' (rule), meaning 'rule of the people.' India is the world's largest democracy
with approximately 970 million voters in 2024.

18. Types of Democracy
Direct Democracy
Every citizen directly participates in
decision-making. Like a class voting on a
picnic location where every student's
opinion counts.
Representative Democracy
Citizens elect representatives to make
decisions on their behalf. India operates
this way with MLAs and MPs.
Grassroots Democracy
Empowers ordinary citizens to influence
decisions affecting their lives at the local
level.

19. Features of Indian Democracy
Universal Adult
Franchise
All citizens aged 18 and
above have the right to
vote.
Representative
System
MLAs at state level and
MPs at national level
represent citizens.
Deliberative
Process
Representatives discuss
laws and issues,
persuading through
dialogue and debate.
Citizen
Participation
Grassroots democracy
allows ordinary citizens
to influence decisions
affecting their lives.

20. Key Takeaways
1 2
34
Three Organs
Legislature makes laws, Executive implements
them, and Judiciary interprets them.
Three Levels
Government functions at Centre/National,
State, and Local levels in India.
Democratic Framework
Democracy provides the foundation through
elected representatives at all levels.
Citizen Empowerment
Grassroots democracy allows ordinary citizens
to participate in decision-making.