GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT PRESCHOLARS.pptx

Growth and development milestones in preschoolers (3-6 years) reflect significant progress in physical, cognitive, social, and emotional domains. These milestones help track a child’s readiness for school, focusing on language development, motor skills, independence, and social interactions.

1. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN PRESCHOLARS (3 - 6 YEARS)

2. Growth and development milestones in preschoolers (3-6 years) reflect significant progress in physical, cognitive, social, and emotional domains. These milestones help track a child’s readiness for school, focusing on language development, motor skills, independence, and social interactions.

3. Aspect Milestones Physical Development Typically weighs around 16 kg. Experiences ongoing slow growth. Gross Motor Child starts to hop between the ages of 47– 48 months. Child starts Walking down the stairs with alternating feet and no railing between 43– 44 months. Walks backward in line between 45–46 months. Growth and development in children aged 3 to 4 years:

4. Aspect Milestones Fine Motor Copies cross, draws two-to-four-part person. Cuts paper in half Cognitive Child starts Self-talks to problem-solve by 3–4 years. Counts four objects, understands opposites (3–4 years)

5. Aspect Milestones Speech & Language Follows three-step commands by 36–48 months. Speaks complex sentences by 42–48 months. Reports on past events, creates imaginary roles (42–48 months). Word play, jokes, teasing by 36–48 months.

6. Aspect Milestones Social & Emotional Share toys, taking turns with assistance. Initiate or join in play with other children and make up games. Begin dramatic play, acting out whole scenes (such as travelling, pretending to be animals etc.)

7. Red Flags Persistent stuttering or speech sound errors. Difficulty with fine motor tasks, like holding a pencil. Aggressive behaviour towards peers or adults. Difficulty understanding and participating in group play. Easily distracted and unable to complete tasks. Limited independence in self-care tasks, such as dressing or toileting.

8. Growth and development in children aged 4 to 5 years: Aspect Milestones Physical Development Stands at about half of adult height. Weighs around 18 kg. Might experience tooth decay. Gross Motor The child Catches ball between 33–52 months. Child Balances on one foot for 10s between 59– 60 months. Does a somersault at 5 years of age. Does Sit–ups and skips between 59–60 Months.

9. Aspect Milestones Fine Motor Copies square, draws 10-part person. Colours within the borders with tripod pencil grasp. Washes and dries hands thoroughly.

10. Aspect Milestones Cognitive Names four colours. Starts meaningful counting up to 10 objects. Copies written word. Starts telling rhymes between 2–5 years. Writes name between 2–5 years.

11. Aspect Milestones Speech & Language Recalls parts of a story. Narratives have plot (48–60 months). Speaks using future tense by 48–60 months. Speech is 100% intelligible 48–60 months.

12. Aspect Milestones Social & Emotional The child develops friendships. Express more awareness of other people's feelings. Show interest in exploring sex differences. Enjoy imaginative play with other children, like dress up or house. Bring dramatic play closer to reality by paying attention to detail, time, and space.

13. Red Flags Limited interest in cooperative play with peers. Continued difficulty with basic motor skills. Challenges in fine motor tasks, like writing. Difficulty following rules. Difficulty with early academic skills, such as recognizing letters and numbers.

14. Growth and development in children aged 5 to 6 years: Aspect Milestones Physical Development Weight: About 20 kg. Losing baby teeth as permanent ones emerge. Brain now 90% adult size. Gross Motor Can ride a bicycle. Shows skill in jumping, running, climbing, and hopping.

15. Aspect Milestones Fine Motor Improved hand-eye coordination. Capable of drawing a person with six body parts. Independently brushes teeth and combs hair. Dresses themselves.

16. Aspect Milestones Cognitive Responds positively to praise and recognition. Demonstrates a sense of humor . Capable of following commands. Speech & Language Can count numbers and recognize shapes. Uses various forms of sentences. Enjoys sharing jokes.

17. Aspect Milestones Social & Emotional Asserts authority and wants to lead. Desires to be the first in various activities. Exhibits sibling rivalry. Enjoys active and group play.

18. Red Flags Difficulty forming complex sentences and expressing thoughts clearly. Difficulty forming and maintaining friendships. Challenges in coordination and balance. Emotional outbursts. Difficulty with basic math skills. Restless behaviour and impulsivity.

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