H2S Awareness & Escape-english presentation.pptx

H2S Awareness & Escape-english presentation

1. H2S Awareness & Escape 1 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

2. Emergency exits Fire alarms Assembly point No smoking GSM in silent mode Domestic arrangements 2 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

3. In case of any emergency or on hearing emergency alarm; everybody has to evacuate the area and rush to the assembly point. Don’t enter the area for salvage belonging until all clear signal is given by Emergency Controller. Emergency response 3 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

4. Name Job and location Experience in job Expectation from the training Personal introduction 4 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

5. To provide awareness of H2S & SO2 hazards and effects. To provide awareness of safe system of work specific to sour facilities. To provide of PPE/RPE required for sour facilities. To provide awareness how to don and doff breathing apparatus. Aims & objectives 5 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

6. H 2 S H2S is an extremely toxic gas that is colorless , flammable , and has the smell of rotten eggs at lower concentrations. What is H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide ) ? At higher concentration H2S can deaden your sense of smell . 6 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

7. Highly toxic Highly flammable Colorless Rotten egg smell Heavier than air (1.189 times) Soluble in water Corrosive to certain metal Dispersible by wind 7 Physical properties of H2S 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

8. 8 Some more information about H2S It can react with carbon steel, in the absence of oxygen – forming Pyrophoric Iron Sulphide (on the internal surfaces of vessels), which in turn can react upon contact with air (oxygen) – auto igniting. It has an auto ignition temperature at 260 degree Celsius . It has explosive range between 4.3 to 46% (LEL=4.3% & UEL=46%) It burns readily (with a distinctive blue flame) and produces Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) -another toxic gas It when dissolved in water, known as hydrosulfuric acid or sulfhydric acid , a weak acid. H H S 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

9. How is H2S formed? H2S is a by-product formed when organic matter decays. H2S is generated as a common by-product of industrial and manufacturing processes. H2S is formed under low oxygen conditions when sufficient amounts of sulfur and bacteria are present. H2S can be formed in many places such as: Oil and gas reservoirs. Sewers and sewage processing facilities. Dark damp places where bacteria is present. 9 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

10. Where is H2S found? H2S can be found almost anywhere that oil, water, and gas are produced. Examples are: Production separators Sulfur removal systems Water knock-outs Heater treaters Vapor recovery units Flotation cells Wellheads or Tanks Pits, Cellars or Sewers 10 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

11. Health hazards of H2S H2S can have an array of health effects on the body depending on exposure concentrations. H2S will enter through the lungs and is considered a chemical asphyxiate. H2S blocks the transfer of oxygen to the blood cells and causes paralysis of the respiratory system. 11 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

12. Target organs subject to the effect of H2S Olfactory nerves Lungs Eyes Brain Respiratory control center Entry into the body Ingestion Injection Inhalation Absorption 12 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

13. H2S the “ Silent Killer” Play video Duration-06:04min 13 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

14. Exposure Limits Here are the H2S exposure limits: Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) : 10ppm for an 8hrs period avg. Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) : 15ppm for a 15min avg. Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health : 100ppm What is ppm? 1% = 10,000 ppm 14 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

15. Concentration Health Effects 10 ppm Beginning eye irritation 50-100 ppm Slight respiratory tract irritation after 1 hour exposure. 100 ppm Coughing, eye irritation, loss of sense of smell after 2-15 minutes. Altered respiration, pain in the eyes, and drowsiness after 15-30 minutes followed by throat irritation after 1 hour. Several hours exposure results in gradual increase in severity of these symptoms and death may occur within the next 48 hours 200-300 ppm Severe respiratory tract irritation after 1 hour of exposure. Possible pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs). 500-700 ppm Loss of consciousness and possibly death in 30 minutes to 1 hour. 700-1,000 ppm Rapid unconsciousness, loss of respiration, and death after 1-3 minutes. 1,000-2,000ppm Unconsciousness at once, loss of respiration and death in a few minutes. Death may occur even if individual is removed to fresh air at once. Concentration levels & effects The following table below lists the health effects of exposure to H2S 15 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

16. Burning H 2 S produces another toxic gas called SO 2 (Sulphur Dioxide) SO2 is a colorless gas but non-flammable , about 2.5 times as heavy as air, with a suffocating smell . SO 2 is extremely irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. H2S + = SO2 + other gases What is SO2 (Sulphur dioxide)? 16 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

17. Monitoring As mentioned, one of H2S’s effects on the body is it deadens the sense of smell at fairly low concentrations. This can cause a false sense of security and therefore we must use air monitoring equipment to detect H2S. A variety of equipment can be used to do this: Personal monitors Fixed point dedicated H2S detectors Portable Multi-gas detectors 17 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

18. 18 A sour leak accumulated H2S in a low ground area. A worker entered and collapsed, followed by another who fell coming to the rescue, followed by the third. ADCO Abu Dhabi-Fatal Incident 3 dead 1hospitalized Play video Duration-12:54min 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

19. When do we monitor? Air monitoring should be done anytime there is a potential for someone to be exposed over the PEL of H2S Examples of when air monitoring shall be performed are: At all times when working around H2S concentrations During all confined space entries Any time there is a potential to be exposed over the PEL. When gauging tanks. Oxygen Flammability Toxicity 19 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

20. Escape Guidelines In case of H2S release below are some escape guidelines you must follow: Escape by getting upwind to a higher elevation (if possible) from the source When escaping, always go cross wind and around the source. Never go directly upwind (you may be running into the source). Know the alarm systems Know where the potential sources for H 2 S are located Know the wind direction at all times 20 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

21. Rescue procedures Always follow company policies and procedures for escape and rescue. Before attempting to rescue anyone else, always: Protect yourself first. Don’t become another victim. Put on rescue breathing apparatus before attempting a rescue. Use the “ Buddy System ”. Do not attempt to rescue anyone alone. 21 you should not involve yourself in “ rescue operation ” unless you are trained in “ SCBA ” 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

22. How to know wind direction You get less time to escape and to escape you need to know the wind direction by: Windsock Dust 22 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

23. 23 First aid-What should we do? Eye Contact: Wash immediately for 15 minutes, seek medical help. Ingestion/Inhalation: Get to clean air, seek medical help. Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Seek immediate medical help. FIRST AID 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

24. 24 Requirement to enter H2S area Trained personnel Permit to work Valid H2S card Personal H2S monitor PPE/RPE Buddy system 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

25. 25 Personal H2S monitor Must be calibrated Must be intrinsically safe Must be switched “ON” It is a device to measure concentration of H2S. It alerts you in three ways when receive more than pre-determined limit by audible alarm, light & vibration. The alarm set point is 10ppm. Ensure the following before use: 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

26. Areas where an accumulation of H 2 S is possible These react to H 2 S and give early warning of its presence. H2S fixed detection system 26 03/03/2022 (Rev.0) 26

27. An  escape set  is a breathing set , which lets its wearer survive for a time in an environment without (sufficiently) breathable air, intending mainly to survive long enough to reach safely where the air is breathable 27 Escape set 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

28. Open Circuit Exhales outside the mask, into the atmosphere No air re-cycling What are the potential problems with this face mask? Facial hair affect seal Visibility Corrective Spectacles Psychological Disturbances Miscellaneous Sealing Problems Small or irregular shaped faces Using mask in enclosed space Face Mask 28 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

29. 29 Donning & Doffing of Escape set What are the advantages? What are the disadvantages? Play video Duration-01:55min 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

30. 30 Practice to don & doff Escape set 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

31. 31 Maintenance of Escape set Cleaning of Escape set is mandatory after each use to ensure hygiene. It must be refilled after each use and store at designated place. How to clean??? 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

32. GASCO-Abu Dhabi “ N ear death H2S Incident ” Play video Duration-03:59min 32 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

33. QUESTION TIME 33 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

34. H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE Short exposure to 100ppm hydrogen sulfide will cause immediate death. FALSE QN-1 34 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

35. Hydrogen sulfide is invisible, flammable, explosive and deadly. TRUE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-2 35 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

36. When a hydrogen sulfide emergency occurs, rescue any victims first, then protect yourself. FALSE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-3 36 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

37. Hydrogen sulfide is heavier than air, so it collects in low-lying areas. TRUE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-4 37 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

38. You do not need to worry about H2S unless you detect a rotten-egg odor. FALSE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-5 38 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

39. Emergency escape units can be used to enter and work in H2S environments. FALSE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-6 39 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

40. To avoid exposure to H2S, you should remain “wind conscious”. TRUE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-7 40 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

41. Your breathing apparatus should always be positive-pressure, never air-purifying. TRUE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-8 41 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

42. After you’ve been trained to use respiratory protection, you won’t have to worry about additional training. FALSE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-9 42 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

43. If you suspect H2S is present in your work area, you should move immediately downwind away from the area. FALSE H2S Quiz- TRUE or FALSE QN-10 43 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

44. It’s a matter of life or death. Summary H2S is deadly, especially when you don’t understand or respect its dangers. Take H2S seriously…follow all safe guidelines and standards. Remember; always ask a supervisor if unsure “Do not ignore; know it” 44 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)

45. THE END 45 03/03/2022 (Rev.0)