Hepatic Failure.pptx

Liver Failure

1. Hepatic F ailure By Kanchan Devi Assistant Professor SCPM college of nursing Gonda

2. Liver failure is an uncommon condition in which rapid deterioration of liver function results in coagulopathy and alteration in the mental status( encephalopathy). Liver failure indicates that liver has sustained injury Introduction

3.   FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE - Encephalopathy starts within 8 weeks ACUTE LIVER FAILURE - ( ALF) is a rare condition characterized by the abrupt onset of severe liver injury . LATE ONSET HEPATIC FAILURE – subacute FHF CHRONIC DECOMPENSATED HEPATIC FAILURE – over six month latent period TYPES OF LIVER FAILURE  

4. Large part of liver damaged beyond repair and liver no longer able to work Hepatitis B, C Long term alcohol consumption Cirrhosis of liver Malnutrition Acetaminophen Ingestion of poison Hepatocellular carcinoma Causes and risk factor

5. Early symptoms Nausea Loss of appetite Fatigue Diarrhea Urgent treatment Jaundice Bleeding easily Swollen abdomen Mental disorientation or confusion (known as hepatic encephalopathy ) Sleepiness Coma Clinical manifestation

6. Blood test Liver tissue biopsy Doppler ultrasound CT scan MRI Electroencephalography Diagnostic Evaluation

7. Acute liver failure treatments may include : 1. Medications to reverse poisoning : Liver failure caused by acetaminophen overdose mushroom poisoning is treated with drugs that can reverse the effects of the toxin . Antidotes such as penicillin G, activated charcoal, N- acetylcysteine neutralize toxic agents and neutralize or counteract any form of poisoning . Hemodialysis can be used to remove toxins from the body. Management

8. 2. Relieving excess fluid in the brain : Cerebral edema caused by liver failure can increase pressure on brain. Osmnotic diuretics such as mannitol can help reduce the fluid buildup in brain. Administration of intravenous mannitol (in a bolus dose of 0.5-1 g/kg or 50-100 g) is recommended to treat cerebral edema in liver failure Cont ….

9. 3. Screening for infections : periodic samples of blood and urine to be tested for signs of infection. If suspects an infection, patient receives antibiotic medications to treat the infection 4. If patient lost lots of blood than blood transfusion needed Cont ….

10. Liver transplant Replace damage liver with healthy liver Surgical management

11. Thank you