hepatitis condition and the types of problems [1].pptx

this is not fully details about hepatitis but i deal some topic and types problems by other according

1. Presented by Vinay Kumar

2. CHHATTISGARH NURSING COLLEGE DHANORA, BHILAI PRESENTED To PRESENTED BY M R . VINAY KUMAR B.Sc. NURSING 5 TH SEM 1 3 TH BATCH

3. SEMINAR ON SUBJECT – COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING – I T OPIC – VIRAL HEPATITIS

4. KEY TERMS INTRODUCTION DEFINITION INDICATION TYPES CAUSES PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION MANAGEMENT General Management Medical Management Nursing Management Surgical Management Diet Management COMPLICATIONS PROGRAMMES PREVENTIONS HEALTH EDUCATION CONCLUSION

5. INTRODUCTION The word “HEPATITIS” Comes from the ancient Greek word “HEPAR” meaning “LIVER” and English word “ITIS” meaning “INFLAMMATION” Hepatitis is a general term for liver inflammation .The viral hepatitis is liver infection caused by infectious viruses. It can cause inflammation and liver damage, and can be acute (short term) or chronic (long term).The severity and duration of the disease depend on the virus.

6. DEFINITION ( According to S KAMALAM ), “ Hepatitis is a medical condition defined by the inflammation of the liver and characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ. ” ( According to VEERABHADRAPPA ) , “ Viral Hepatitis is a systemic disease with primary inflammation of the liver by any one of a heterogeneous group of hepatotropic viruses . ”

7. INCIDENCE In 2022 ,The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 2.2 million people newly affected with chronic hepatitis B & C . This includes 1.2 million new infection with viral hepatitis B and 1 million new infections with viral hepatitis C .

8. WORLD HEPATITIS DAY The World Hepatitis day is celebrated on July 28 th every year.

9. TYPES OF VIRAL HEPATITIS

10. CAUSES

11. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Hepatitis virus (A,B,C,D and E) ⬇️ Mostly transmitted by contaminated food a And water and infected blood contact ⬇️ Enter into the body ⬇️ Reaches to the liver ⬇ Body produce immune response to virus ⬇️ Activation of inflammatory cells ⬇️ Release of inflammatory mediators ⬇️ Hepatocytes are become inflamed ⬇️ Viral Hepatitis (HAV,HBV,HCV,HDV & HEV)

12. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION

13. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION HISTORY TAKING PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

14. BLOOD TEST . LIVER BIOPSY

15. LIVER FUNCTION TEST ULTRASOUND

16. MANAGEMENT GENERAL ASSESSMENT Assess nutritional status. Assess the fluid intake of the patient. Assess the activity level, eating habits and anxiety level. Enquire patient about nausea, vomitting and anorexia. Assess vital signs and after then monitor.

17. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT 1 . ANTIVIAL Tonofovir (Tablet) – 300mg (Oral) 2 . INTERFERON Pegninterferon alfa-2a (Injection) – 180mcg/0.5m (SC) 3 . CORTICOSTEROID Prednisone (Injection) – 2-3ml (IM) 4 . ANALGESIC Morrphine (Injection) – 10mg/ml (IV) 5 . ANTIDEPRESSANT Desipramine (Tablet) – 100 mg (Oral)

18. NURSING MANAGEMENT

19. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Liver resection surgery Hemihepatectomy

20. Liver transplant

21. DIET MANAGEMENT 01 . Protein diet 02 . Whole grains 03 . Fruits & Vegetables 04 . Healthy fats

22. 05 . Vitamins & Minerals 06 . Dairy products 07 . Avoid to eat Processed foods & High saturated fat foods Sugary drinks like soda and fruit juices Food with added sugar Refined carbohydrates like white flour & pasta Foods and drinks containing excessive s alt

23. COMPLICATIONS 01 . Liver cirrhosis 02 . Liver failure

24. 03 . Liver cancer. 04 . Kidney disease 06. Reactivation of virus 07. Blood vessels inflammation

25. PROGRAMMES 01 . NATIONAL VIRAL HEPATITIS CONTRO PROGRAMME ( NVHCP) Launched - 28 July,2018. (The ministry of health and family welfare on world Hepatitis day) Aim – To prevent and control viral Hepatitis. GOAL :- Eliminate Hepatitis C by 2030 Reduce the number of people infected with Hepatitis B &C. Reduce the risk of Hepatitis A & E. Increase awareness of Hepatitis & preventive measures. Reduce morbidity & mortality fro Hepatitis. Improve health outcomes of people with Hepatitis. Improve surveillance of viral Hepatitis. GLOBAL HEPATITIS PROGRAMME Launched – 28 July 2018. (World health organization) Aim - To reduce the number of new Hepatitis. GOAL :- Reduce new Hepatitis infection . Reduce Hepatitis deaths . Eliminate Hepatitis C by 2030. Reduce the risk of Hepatitis A and E. Reduce the number of people with Hepatitis B and C. Reduce the number of deaths from Hepatitis B and C.

26. PREVENTION Don’t share needles or have sex with someone who has hepatitis. Promote safe sex. Promote hepatitis testing and counseling services. Ensure needle and syringe programs to avoid sharing injecting equipment. Raise awareness of the disease and their transmission mode. Don’t share personal care items. Avoid direct contact with blood and body fluids. Avoid IV drug abuse. Blood transfusion should be given only,if truly indicated. Use steriles syringes. Avoid stress.

27. HEALTH EDUCATION ✯ ✯⁠ ✯ ✯⁠ ✯ ⁠✯⁠ ✯ ✯

28. CONCLUSION Viral hepatitis is a major global health issue that cause liver inflammation and can lead to chronic liver disease and liver cancer . The prognosis depend on the type of virus that cause the infection.