Histology Practicle.pptx study of tissues

what is histology/? Histology practicals

1. SUBMITTED TO SIR DANISH RAIZ SUBMITTED BY SAIQA JAMEEL

2. Preparation & staining of histological slides

3. HISTOLOGY It is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells & tissues of animal and plants

4. APPARATUS Tissue sample Formeldihyde Xylene Ethanol Paraffin wax Beaker Microtome Stain Blocks

5. PREPARATION OF HISTOLOGICAL SLIDES Preparation of histological slides consist of five main steps Fixing Processing Embedding Sectioning Staining

6. FIXING OF SPECIMEN The process in which fresh tissue are preserved are called fixation Chemical fixative used to preserve tissue from degradtion & maintain structure of cell Most important fixative is formaldihyde Put the sample in formaldihyde solution

7. PROCESSING Processing consist of three steps Dehydration Clearing Infiltration

8. DEHYDRATION Water must be removed from the tissue by the process of dehydration Sample transferred to the most concentrated ETHANOL That is used to remove the water

9. CLEARING For clearing the sample its required a clearing agent Clearing agent is XYLENE Then sample is transferred from ethanol to xylene

10. EMBEDDING Tissue specimen are embedded in a solid material which will support the thin sectioning Paraffin wax is solidified by cooling or polymerization

11. SECTIONING Is the production of a very thin slices from a tissue sample A tool used for sectioning is a microtome It may be a razor blade or a machine Vertical sectioning Horizontal sectioning

12. Staining of sample Staining is done to increase the contrast of tissue To highlight the specific feature of interest (H&E) stain that is used in light microscope

13. HEMATOXYLIN is a basic dye used to nuclei due to affinity of nucleic acid EOSIN is a acidic dye used to cytoplasm stain After staining the section are covered with glass cover slip Then put on a light microscope & veiw it