HISTORICAL PLACES OF MAHARASHTRA.pptx

Some knowledge about the Historical Places Of Maharastra by Saswat Mahapatra

1. Art Integrated Project

2. NAME OF THE TOPIC: HISTORICAL PLACES OF MAHARASHTRA PRESENTED BY: Saswat Mahapatra

3. HISTORICAL PLACES OF MAHARASHTRA

4. INTRODUCTION

5. Forts were a primary defence mechanism in Maharashtra against enemy invasions, and had been so since ancient times. They are known in the local language as 'killa' (or 'qila' in Urdu). They were naturally and artificially protected human settlements, guarded by elements such as hills, forests, the desert, the sea, and man-made stone structures that formed a kind of armour around them. One of the early reference to forts in the subcontinent occurs in the ancient political treatise, 'Arthashastra' by Kautilya, whereby Kautilya classifies the forts as Jal durg (water forts), Giri durg (mountain forts), Vana durg (forest forts), Dhanu durg (arid/desert forts located in conditions which are devoid of a ready water supply), Mahi durg (brick forts), and Nar durg (human forts), not to mention the ancient cities in kingdoms such as Mathura, Magadha, Due to its peculiar topography, Maharashtra has always revelled in different forms of fort constructions. Its structures and architectural designs have differed depending upon their region and location, whether these are on the plains, coastal areas, hilly terrain or in the dense forests. INTRODUCTION

6. ARCHITECTURAL WORK

7. THE STRUCTURE IS BUILT ON A ROCK OUTCROP AND HAS 26 MASSIVE BASTIONS AND HIGH PROTECTIVE WALLS.BASED ON HISTORICAL RECORDS,IT IS SAID THAT THE FORT WAS CONSTRUCTED BY MALIK AMBER,WHO SERVED UNDER THE NIZAMSHAHI DYNASTY IN DECCAN REGION. With its massive black granite walls which seem to be standing right on the water. The fort can be entered through a large gateway which is built in such a way that it is not clearly visible until one comes within a few meters of it. The construction of the fort and its buildings appear to be crude, with very little architectural ornamentation.The real beauty lies in the clever military designs that the architects used to make the fort almost invincible. It is also said that the Shahnoor fort is modified /built by the Sultan Mahmoud Gazhnavi because he is a follower of Bagh-sawar wali Burhanuddin, maintained after Imad shahi dynasty and after this Akbar invaded Berar and was maintained by Mughals. Mughals recreated the Narnala Fort with Mughal architecture and built mosque at the fort. The fort covers an area of 362 acres (1.46 km 2 ). The large gates are called the Delhi darvaza, the Sirpur darvaza, the Akot darvaza, and the Shahanur darvaza. The innermost of the three gate-ways is the Mahakali gate named by Killedar family as Goddess Mahakali is their family deity. It is built of white sandstone and is highly ornate. It is decorated with conventional lotus flowers, a rich cornice, and later flourished with Arabic inscriptions, and flanked by projecting balconies with panels of stone lattice-work displaying considerable variety of design. The fort still display " Ashtakamal" eight petals Lotus which was the symbol of Narnal Singh's Solanki dynasty goddess Khimaj or Mahalaxmi. These lotuses are visible on the mosques and many other places. In October 1997, the foundation stone of the Global Vipassana Pagoda was laid on the Essel Plateau in Mumbai. In the eleven years since this auspicious event, the construction work progressed without interruption, supported selflessly by Vipassana meditators and devotees from around the world. The pillar-less dome of such a magnitude is a marvel when one thinks of thousands of stones, each of 600 to 700 kg approximate weight, without any temporary support (centering) during construction The biggest masonry dome built anywhere in the world before the Global Pagoda is the dome at Bijapur which is of 130 ft diameter. The Global Pagoda is over twice its size in diameter.

8. HEIGHT AND AREA

9. Murud janjira fort is situated on an oval-shaped rock off the Arabian sea coast near the port city of murud,165km (103mi) south of mumbai.The main gate of the forts faces rajapuri on the shore and can be seen only when one is 40 feet (12m) away from it. It has a small postern gate towards the open sea for escape.a special attraction of this fort are the three gigantic cannons named kalalbangdi,chavri and landa kasam.This cannons were said to be feared for their shooting range. Another gate to the waste is sea-facing,called “darya darwaza” Narnala fort it consists of three small forts:zafrabad fort on the east,Narnala in the center and teliagarh to the west. The lake within the center of the complex is said to possess healing properties and according to legend contained the   philosopher's stone , though no stone was found when the lake dried up in the drought and  Indian famine of 1899-1900 . The center of the Global Vipassana Pagoda contains the world's largest stone dome built without any supporting pillars. The height of the dome is approximately 29 meters, while the height of the building is 99.06 meters,  The external diameter of the largest section of the dome is 97.46 m and the shorter sections are 94.82m. The internal diameter is 85.15 m. The inside of the pagoda is hollow and serves as a very large meditation hall with an area covering more than 6000 m 2  (65,000 ft 2 ).

10. ESSAY

11. दोस्तों भारत एक ऐसा देश है जहां पर कई राजा महाराजाओं ने राज किया है और अपने राज्य की सुरक्षा के लिए किले भी बनवाए हैं। यहां ऐसे कई प्राचीन किले हैं, जो अपने आप में कई रहस्य समेटे हुए हैं। एक ऐसा ही किला हे जंजीरा किला। जंजीरा किला महाराष्ट्र के कोकण मैं रायगढ़ जिले के मुरुद गांव के निकट स्थित है, जिसे मुरुद जंजीरा किले के नाम से जाना जाता है। इस‌ किले के नाम में ही इसकी खासियत छिपी है दरअसल जंजीरा अरबी शब्द ‘जजीरा ’ का अपभ्रंश है, जिसका अर्थ होता है- टापू। समुद्र तल से 90 फीट की ऊंचाई पर बना यह किला चारों और से पानी से घिरा हुआ होने के करण इस किले को ,आईलैंड फोर्ट ” के नाम से भी जाना जाता है। यह किला भारत में ही नहीं बल्कि दुनिया में अपनी बनावट के लिए मशहूर है और हर साल इसे देखने के लिए लाखो सैलानी आते है। जंजीरा किला भारत के पश्चिमी तट का एक मात्र ऐसा किला है, जिसे ब्रिटिश, पुर्तगाली, शिवाजी महाराज, और संभाजी महाराज ने इस किले को जीतने का काफी प्रयास किया था। लेकिन कोई भी इस किले को नहीं जीत सका। इस किले की बनावट ऐसी है कि इस पर कब्जे के लिए कई बार हमले हुए लेकिन कोई भी इस किले के अंदर घुस नहीं सका। यही वजह है कि 350 वर्ष पुराने इस किले को अजिंक्या किले के नाम से भी जाना जाता है, जिसका शाब्दिक अर्थ होता है – अजेय। 40 फीट ऊंची दीवारों से घिरा ये किला अरब सागर में एक टापू पर बना हुआ है। भारत के प्रमुख नगर मुंबई के बोरीवली गोराई बिच के पास स्थित एक विपस्सना का ध्यान केंद्र है जो की गौतम बुद्ध के विचारों और ज्ञान का प्रसार कर रहा है। यह विश्व का सबसे बड़ा ध्यान केंद्र है . इस आर्टिकल में हम आपको इतिहास और पैगोडा से जुडी कुछ महत्वपूर्ण बाते बताने वाले ft है। 8 फ़रवरी 2009 में भारत की तत्कालीन राष्ट्रपति प्रतिभा पाटिल ने पैगोडा का उद्घाटन किया था ग्लोबल विपश्यना पैगोडा को बनने में लगभग आठ साल लगे। इसके निर्माण की योजना 1997 में शुरू हुई । यंगून , म्यांमार में श्वेदागोन पैगोडा के बाद , ग्लोबल विपश्यना पैगोडा असली सोने में ढंके हुए हैं और म्यांमार द्वारा दान किए गए एक सजावटी छाता के साथ सबसे ऊपर है। म्यांमार में संरचना के लिए लकड़ी के मुख्य दरवाजे भी हाथ से बनाए गए थे , जबकि मुख्य निर्माण की सामग्री राजस्थान से लाई गई बलुआ पत्थर की थी। पैगोडा का निर्माण प्राचीन भारतीय और आधुनिक तकनीक का बेहतरीन मिश्रण है , जो इसे एक हजार साल तक चलने के लिए तैयार करता है।

12. 15 वीं शताब्दी में मुगलों ने किले पर कब्जा कर लिया और इसका पुनर्निर्माण किया और इसलिए इसे शाहनूर किला कहा जाता है। नारनाला बरार सूबे के तेरह सरकारों में से एक थे। नारनला में पूर्व में जाफराबाद किला ( या जाफराबाद ) , केंद्र में नारनला और तेलियागढ़ नामक तीन छोटे किले हैं। यह खिलजी राजवंश के बाद से एक ऐतिहासिक स्थान है , और यह मध्ययुगीन काल में सरकार सुबा बरार में से एक था।यह किला महान मुस्लिम संत हजरत बुरहानुद्दीन " बाग सावर वाली " के लिए जाना जाता है और कहा जाता है कि उस समय हजरत के साथ कई सफेद बाघ देखे गए थे। अदली बेग या अतलु बेग ने कई अरबी लिपियों और " कड़क बिजली " नाम के " टीयूपी " का निर्माण किया। यह औरंगजेब के परपोते का जन्मस्थान भी है। में 21o 15′ N और 77o 4′ E के निर्देशांक पर स्थित है। निकटतम शहर अकोट है जो 18 किमी दूर है। यह सतपुड़ा पहाड़ियों के सबसे दक्षिणी सिरे पर समुद्र तल से ३१६१ फीट ( ९१२ मीटर ) की ऊंचाई पर है। वर्तमान में , यह क्षेत्र मेलघाट टाइगर रिजर्व के अंतर्गत आता है।

13. HISTORY

14. Planning for the construction of the Global Vipassana Pagoda began in 1997, while actual building work started in 2000. The pagoda consists of three sub-domes. The first and largest dome was completed in October 2006 when bone relics of  Gautam Buddha  were enshrined in the central locking stone of the dome on 29 October 2006, making it the world's largest structure containing relics of the Buddha. The relics were originally found in the stupa at  Bhattiprolu , Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, South India. The second and third domes sit atop the first dome. Construction of the third dome was structurally completed on 21 November 2008. The name of the fort is a concatenation of the Konkani and Marathi words, "morod" and "Janjiri". The word "morod" is peculiar to Konkani and is absent in Marathi. Raja Ram Rao Patil  was  Patil  of Janjira Island and a chief of  Kolis  who established and/or built this island in the 16th century for Kolis to live peacefully away from pirates. After gaining permission from the  Sultan  of the  Ahmadnagar Sultanate , In the year 1736,  Siddis  of Murud-Janjira set out in a battle with the forces of Maratha Peshwa  Baji Rao . On 19 April 1736, Maratha warrior Nanaji Surve and  Chimaji Appa  attacked the gathering forces in the encampments of the Siddis near Rewas. However, Janjira remained unconquered until it became part of Indian territory after independence from the British in 1947. Narnala Fort or Narnala  Killa  Sarkar, also known as Shahnoor Fort, is a hill fortress in the  Satpura Range  of  Vidarbh ,  Maharashtra ,  India , named after the  Rajput   Solanki   Chaulukya  Ruler, Raja Narnala Singh, also known as Narnal Singh Swami. It was renamed as "Shahnoor" by Islamic rulers but again acquired, rebuilt and got its name "Narnala" by ruler RaoRana Narnal Singh Solanki, who migrated from  Rajasthan ,  Tonk district , originally by  Patan, Gujarat  and was a descendant of Narnal Singh Swami. Narnala was captured by  Parsoji Bhosale  in 1701 CE and he appointed the Raorana Family descendants the Thakurraos as the governor of Narnala and the surrounding forts and Narnala remained with the  Marathas  till it was taken over by the British in 1803 CE.

15. SHORT PARAGRApH

16. ନରନାଲା , “ ଶାହନୁର ଦୁର୍ଗ ” ଭାବରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଜଣାଶୁଣା , ଭାରତର ମହାରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରର ଏକ ପାହାଡ ଦୁର୍ଗ , ଯାହା ରାଜପୁତ ଶାସକ ନର୍ନାଲା ସିଂଙ୍କ ନାମରେ ନାମିତ | ପ th ୍ଚଦଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ମୋଗଲମାନେ ଦୁର୍ଗକୁ ଦଖଲ କରି ପୁନ ନିର୍ମାଣ କରିଛନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ତେଣୁ ଏହାକୁ ଶାହାନୋର ଦୁର୍ଗ କୁହାଯାଏ | ଏହା 21o 15 ′ N ଏବଂ 77o 4 ′ E ର ସଂଯୋଜନାରେ ଆକୋଲା ଜିଲ୍ଲାର ଆକୋଟ୍ ତାଲୁକା , ବେରାର ( ଅମ୍ରାବତୀ ଡିଭିଜନ୍ ମଧ୍ୟ କୁହାଯାଏ ) ରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ | ଏହା ସମୁଦ୍ର ପତ୍ତନଠାରୁ 3161 ଫୁଟ (912 ମିଟର ) ଉଚ୍ଚତାରେ ସତ୍ୟପୁରା ପାହାଡର ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ଭାଗରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ | ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ଏହି ଅଞ୍ଚଳ ମେଲଘାଟ ଟାଇଗର ରିଜର୍ଭ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଅଛି | ମୁମ୍ବାଇର 165 କିଲୋମିଟର ଦକ୍ଷିଣରେ ଥିବା ମୁରୁଦ ବନ୍ଦର ନିକଟରେ ଓଭାଲ ଆକୃତିର ଏକ ପଥର ଉପରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଜାନଜିରା ଭାରତର ସବୁଠାରୁ ଶକ୍ତିଶାଳୀ ସାମୁଦ୍ରିକ ଦୁର୍ଗ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଅନ୍ୟତମ | ରାଜପୁରୀ ଜେଟିରୁ ନାବିକମାନେ ଏହି ଦୁର୍ଗଗୁଡିକ ନିକଟକୁ ଆସନ୍ତି | ଦୁର୍ଗର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଫାଟକ କୂଳରେ ରାଜପୁରୀ ଆଡକୁ ମୁହାଁଇଥାଏ ଏବଂ ଯେତେବେଳେ ଏହା ଏହାର ନିକଟତର ହୁଏ ସେତେବେଳେ ହିଁ ଦେଖାଯାଏ | ଖସିଯିବା ପାଇଁ ଖୋଲା ସମୁଦ୍ର ଆଡ଼କୁ ଏହାର ଏକ ଛୋଟ ପୋଷ୍ଟର ଫାଟକ ଅଛି | ଫେବୃଆରୀ 8, 2009 ରେ ସମଗ୍ର ବିଶ୍ୱର ମାନ୍ୟଗଣ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିଙ୍କ ଉପସ୍ଥିତିରେ ଭାରତର ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରପତି ପ୍ରତୀଭା ପାଟିଲଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଗ୍ଲୋବାଲ୍ ଭିପାସାନା ପାଗୋଡା ଉଦ୍ଘାଟିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା। ପ୍ରାୟ 280 ଫୁଟ ବ୍ୟାସ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଏବଂ ଏହାର ଉଚ୍ଚତା 325 ଫୁଟ ଥିବା ଏହି ପଥର ସଂରଚନାରେ ବୁଦ୍ଧଙ୍କର ମୂଳ ଅସ୍ଥି ପ୍ରତିମୂର୍ତ୍ତୀ ରହିଛି - ଶ୍ରୀଲଙ୍କା ସରକାର ଏବଂ ମହାଭୋଡି ସୋସାଇଟି ଅଫ୍ ଇଣ୍ଡିଆ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଏହି ଗମ୍ବୁଜରେ ରଖାଯାଇଛି। ପାଗୋଡା ଧ୍ୟାନରେ ବୁଦ୍ଧଙ୍କର ପ୍ରତୀକ | ବୁଦ୍ଧଙ୍କ ଶରୀର ପାଗୋଡା ପ୍ରତୀକ କରୁଥିବା ସୁବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ରଙ୍ଗର ଥିଲା , ଧାମର ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ପଥ ଯାହା ନ ality ତିକତା , ଏକାଗ୍ରତା ଏବଂ ଜ୍ଞାନ ଅଟେ |