How to draw EGL&HGL

There is a simplest explaination of fluid mechanics

1. HGL & EGL
By: Dr. Ezzat Elsayed G. SALEH
Civil Eng. Dept.
اينلما ةعماج
ةسدنهلا ةيكل
CVE 215

3. Thedevelopmentofhydraulictheoryhasproducedthree
importantbasictools(equations)whicharefundamentalto
solvingmosthydrodynamicproblems:
Discharge and Continuity,
Energy, and
Momentum.
Theyarenotdifficulttomasterandyouwillneedto
understandthemwell.

4. Boundary
Effects

5. Z
Potential Head :
Pressure Head:
??????∕ (????????????)
Hydraulic Grade
Line(HGL)
+
Velocity Head: V
2
/ 2 g
+
Energy Grade
Line(EGL)
The Total Head at any Cross-section H = Z + (P/ g) + (V
2
/ 2g )

6. HydraulicGradeLinesand
EnergyLinesprovidea
scaled, visual
representationofenergyin
asystem(alongtheflow
path),whichhelpsidentify
pointsofconcerninthe
designandanalysisof
hydraulicsystems.B
2
A
2
g2
V
z
g
P
g2
V
z
g
P






















7. HGLand EGLfor a pipe of different levels.

8.  
HGLand EGLfor a pipe of different levels.
Reference Datum
T.E.L.
(T.E.L.)
1
(T.E.L.)
2

9. HGLand EGLat a sharp-edged pipe entrance.

10. Change in HGL and EGLdue to change in pipe diameter

11. Drop in HGL and EGLdue to valve

12. Change inHGLand EGLdue to Flow through a nozzle

13. Negative gage pressure when pipe above EGL

14. Rise in HGLand EGL due to pump

15. Drop in HGLand EGLdue to turbine

16. Motor orGenerator?
acting as a MOTOR
Motor orGenerator?
acting as a GENERATOR
Pump-Turbineinstallation