HOW TO LEARN RELATIVE CLAUSES IN ENGLISH

HOW TO LEARN RELATIVE CLAUSES IN ENGLISH IN A RIGHT WAY

1. Relative clauses who where whose which

2. Relative pronouns WHICH, WHO, WHERE, WHOSE

3. Do we know anything about the bank ? This is the bank . It was robbed yesterday . Are the two sentences related ? When do we use the pronoun «  it  » Combine the two sentences using another pronoun . which / that This is the bank was robbed yesterday . it : It’s used to talk about things & animals . which / that

4. Do we know anything about the girl? This is the girl. She called the police. Are the two sentences related ? When do we use the pronoun «  she  » Combine the two sentences using another pronoun . who / that This is the girl called the police. she : It’s used to talk about a person . who / that

5. Do we know anything about the p. station? This is the police station. She reported the theft there . Are the two sentences related ? When do we use the adverb «  there  » Combine the two sentences using another pronoun . where This is the police station she reported the theft . there : It’s used to talk about a place. where

6. Do we know anything about the girl? The girl is phoning home. Her car is in the garage. Are the two sentences related ? When do we use the pronoun «  her  » Combine the two sentences using another pronoun . whose The girl car is in the garage is phoning home. her : It’s used to talk about possession. whose

7. Do we know anything about the day ? Sunday is the day . The museum is closed at that time. Are the two sentences related ? When do we use «  at that time  » Combine the two sentences using another pronoun . when Sunday is the day the museum is closed . at that time : It’s used to talk about time. when

8. Do we know anything about the man? The man works in the post office. You talked to him . Are the two sentences related ? When do we use the pronoun «  him  » Combine the two sentences using another pronoun . who / whom The man you talked to works in the post office. him : an object pronoun that is used to talk about a person . who / whom

9. whom

10. Relative clauses

11. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that includes a subject and a verb . Why is it called a relative clause? Because one clause is related to the other . You can put two or more sentences together using a relative pronoun to get a relative clause . The relative clause has a word or a phrase that is related to the main sentence / clause . Example I got tickets to see Adel, who sings like an angel . the relative clause the main clause

12. Are all children likely to be healthy? Does the clause give us important information ? Are commas (,) used ? Relative clauses Defining / Restrictive Clauses Non- defining / Non-restrictive Clauses Children who eat vegetables are likely to be healthy. It gives us important information . No commas (,) are used . Mariam Amjoun , who won the 2018 Arab Reading Challenge in Dubai , is a nine-year-old girl . Do we know the girl? Does the clause give us important information ? Are commas (,) used ? The clause doesn’t give us important information . Commas (,) are used .

13. Pronouns Relative clauses Defining / Restrictive Clauses Non- defining / Non-restrictive Clauses Pronouns a person a thing a place possession time who / whom / that / Ο which / that / Ο where whose when a person a thing a place possession time who / whom which where whose when «  that  » can never be used .

14. examples The man who / that lives next door is very friendly. The man who / that / whom / Ο I wanted to see was away on holiday. I don’t like the stories which / that have unhappy endings . I like the dress which / that / Ο Ann is wearing . Defining Clauses Non- defining Clauses John's mother , who lives in Scotland , has 6 grandchildren. I've just come back from Agadir , where Bouchaaib lives . Yesterday I met a woman named Susan , whose husband works in London.

15. Is it a DEFINING or non-DEFINING relative clause? The student who sits in the back of the room asks a lot of questions. The astronaut who first stepped on the moon was Neil Armstrong. Oliver Twist, which was Dickens’s second novel, is a classic. Ann’s sister who is a tennis champion visited her last weekend. Ann’s sister, who is a tennis champion, visited her last weekend. R.C R.C N.C R.C N.C

16. Relate the following sentences 1. I recently went back to the town. I was born there. ( where ) ……………………………………………………………………………… 2. We had a fish for dinner. It was very delicious. ( which ) ……………………………………………………………………………… 3. I met a girl last week. I didn’t like her. ( whom ) ……………………………………………………………………………… 4. They are the couple. Their luggage disappeared. ( whose ) ……………………………………………………………………………… 5. My grandma came from Ifran . She is dead now. ( who ) ………………………………………………………………………………