HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX

1. A P.PT PRESENATION ON TOPIC HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX

2. Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistic composite index of  life expectancy ,  education  (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and  per capita income  indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of  human development . A country scores a higher level of HDI when the  lifespan  is higher, the  education  level is higher, and the gross national income  GNI (PPP) per capita  is higher. It was developed by Pakistani economist  Mahbub ul Haq  and was further used to measure a country's development by the United Nations Development Programme ( UNDP )'s Human Development Report Office.

3. The 2010  Human Development Report  introduced an  Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index  (IHDI). While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for  inequality ), while the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum level of HDI) that could be achieved if there were no inequality. The index does not take into account several factors, such as the  net wealth per capita  or the relative  quality of goods  in a country. This situation tends to lower the ranking for some of the most advanced countries, such as the  G7  members and others. The index is based on the human development approach, developed by  Mahbub ul Haq , anchored in  Amartya Sen's  work on human capabilities, often framed in terms of whether people are able to "be" and "do" desirable things in life. Examples include – being: well fed, sheltered, healthy; doing: work, education, voting, participating in community life. The freedom of choice is central – someone choosing to be hungry (e.g. when  fasting  for religious reasons) is quite different from someone who is hungry because they cannot afford to buy food, or because the country is in a  famine .

4. Origins The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Report Office of the  United Nations Development Programme  (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose "to shift the focus of development economics from  national income  accounting to  people-centered policies ". Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human  well-being .

5. HDI REPORTS 2019

6. 2020

7. Human Development Report The Human Development Report (HDR) is an annual  Human Development Index  report published by the Human Development Report Office of the  United Nations Development Programme  (UNDP). [1] The first HDR was launched in 1990 by the Pakistani economist  Mahbub ul Haq  and Indian Nobel laureate  Amartya Sen . Since then reports have been released most years, and have explored different themes through the human development approach, which places people at the center of the development process. The reports are ensured of editorial independence by the  United Nations General Assembly . They are seen as reports to UNDP, not of UNDP. This allows each report greater freedom to explore ideas and constructively challenge policies. Each report also presents an updated set of indices, including the Human Development Index (HDI), which is a measure of average achievement in the basic dimensions of human development across countries, and a compendium of key development statistics relevant to the report theme.

8. The Human Development Reports have an extensive influence on the development debate worldwide. They have also inspired national and regional analyses which, by their nature, usually address issues that are more country – or regionally - specific. List of global reports 2020: The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene 2019: Beyond income, beyond averages, beyond today: Inequalities in human development in the 21st century 2018: Human Development Indices and Indicators. 2016: Human Development the Way ahead. 2015: Work for Human Development 2014: Sustaining Human Progress: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience 2013: The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World 2011: Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All 2010: The Real Wealth of Nations: Pathways to Human Development

9. 2009: Overcoming barriers: Human mobility and development 2007/2008: Fighting climate change: Human solidarity in a divided world 2006: Beyond scarcity: Power, poverty and the global water crisis 2005: International cooperation at a crossroads: Aid, trade and security in an unequal world 2004: Cultural Liberty in Today's Diverse World 2002: Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World 2001: Making New Technologies Work for Human Development 2000: Human Rights and Human Development 1999: Globalization with a Human Face 1998: Consumption for Human Development 1997: Human Development to Eradicate Poverty 1996: Economic Growth and Human Development 1995: Gender and Human Development 1994: New Dimensions of Human Security 1993: People's Participation 1992: Global Dimensions of Human Development 1991: Financing Human Development 1990: Concept and Measurement of Human Development

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