Hydro Power Generation: School and College Project (With Thesis)

This PPT was originally made by me for a school project. This presentation is a showcase of complete research, exact and to the point information, easy and understandable language. I hope this presentation on Hydropower plant and hydropower generation will help you. I have also attached the link of the project Thesis.you can also visit my profile to check for it.
https://www.slideshare.net/SandipKumarSahoo/thesis-on-hydro-power-plant

1. Hydro power generation Submitted by- SANDIP KUMAR SAHOO

2. INTRODUCTION One of the most widely used renewable source of energy for generating electricity on large scale basis is hydropower. The power obtained from river or ocean water is called as hydropower. Hydropower is the renewable source of energy since water is available in large quantities from rain, rivers, and oceans and this is will be available for unlimited time to come.

3. OBJECTIVE To reduce the greenhouse effect. To reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. To meet the challenge of increasing electricity demand. To reduce the price of electricity. To provide electricity to every households of the world. To gain knowledge about Hydroelectricity and the history and future it can have.

4. WORKING PRINCIPLES OF HYDRO TURBINES In an impound facility the water is stored behind a dam and there is a narrow opening to a tunnel called penstock. Water pressure forces the water through the penstock and onto the blades of a turbine. The turbine spins because of the force of the water. The turbine is connected to an electrical generator inside the powerhouse. The generator produces electricity that travels over long-distance power lines to homes and businesses. The entire process is called hydroelectricity. 

5. Parts of hydroelectric power plant The main parts of a hydroelectric power plant are Dam Spillway Penstock and Tunnel Surge Tank Power Station

6. HYDRO POWER PLANTS There are three types of hydropower facilities: Impoundment Diversion Pumped Storage

7. 1.Impoundment It is the most common type of hydroelectric plant. It uses a dam to store river water in a reservoir. Water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity.

8. 2. Diversion A diversion dam is a dam that diverts all or a portion of the flow of a river from its natural course. These dams do not store water in a reservoir.

9. 3. Pumped storage When the demand for electricity is low, a pumped storage facility stores energy by pumping water from a lower reservoir to an upper reservoir. During periods of high electrical demand, the water is released back to the lower reservoir to generate electricity. Pump storage generation offers a critical back-up facility during periods of excessive demand on the national grid system.

10. Sizes, types and capacity of hydroelectric facilities Facilities range in size from large power plants that supply many consumers with electricity to small and micro plants that individuals operate for their own energy needs or to sell power to utilities. These are classified as Large Facilities Small Facilities Micro Facilities Pico Facilities Underground Facilities

11. 1. Large facilities Although no official definition exists for the capacity range of large hydroelectric power stations, facilities from over a few hundred megawatts are generally considered large hydroelectric facilities. Currently, only four facilities over 10 GW (10,000 MW) are in operation worldwide.

12. 2.Small facilities It serves a small community or industrial plant. Generating capacity is up to 10MW. Low environmental impact compared to large hydroelectric plant.

13. 3. Micro facilities Generating capacity is up to 10 KW. These installations can provide power to an isolated home or small community. Micro hydro systems complement photovoltaic solar energy systems.

14. 4. Pico facilities Generating capacity is 5 KW. It is useful in small, remote communities that require only a small amount of electricity.

15. 5. Underground facility An underground power station is generally used at large facilities and makes use of a large natural height difference between two waterways, such as a waterfall or mountain lake.

16. Advantages Renewable energy Running cost of the plant is low Plant efficiency doesn’t change with age No ash and flue gas problem and don’t pollute the atmosphere Can be used for flood control and irrigation purpose It takes few minutes to run and synchronize the plant.

17. disadvantages Eco system damage and loss of land Methane Emission Relocation High Installation cost Fish killing Failure risks

18. conclusion hydropower is sustainable and long lasting source of energy. It has many disadvantages but still it produces a great amount of electricity which is helping us to fulfil the energy demand. The dams can also be used for fishing, flood control and irrigation purpose. All these advantages show the importance of hydropower electricity which gives us a solution for the problems of this boom and gloom economy.