Hyper Media

This is a presentation from a series of training course for library science students

1. Hyper Media
Department Library
&
Information Sciences
Vahideh Z. G.

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Outlines
February 7, 2008
Media,
•Types of media
•Hypermedia,
•Hyperlink

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Media
•Media is a plural form ( of medium) refers
to means or devices of communication such
as: TV, newspaper, and Radio,
newsletter,book….
•In Computer Science media is an object
or device, such as a disk, on which data
is stored.

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The various types/aspects of media
in communication
1.Records ( as media),
2.Print media,
3.Mass media
4.Electronic media,
5.Multimedia
6.Hypermedia
7.Digital media,

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Related terms
There are some other related terms or extentions to the term media which
mostly involve with application of media rather than independent facet of
media such as :
4.Media meshing, the act of combining multiple
independent pieces of communication media to enrich an
information consumer's experience
5.Media for advertising, also media-buying, or the
choosing and buying of TV airtime, radio airtime,
newspaper etc space, for advertising

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Print media
•Message communication via paper or canvas .
Examples are typical printed books, newspaper or
magazine

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Mass media
Mass media, all means of mass communication
•. Broadcast media, communications delivered
over mass electronic communication networks
•. Webcasting : is just like broadcasting but
uses the web rather than radio-signals
•. News media, mass media focused on
communicating news
EIN for India, IRIB for Iran

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Recording media
•devices used to store information example: personal
storage devices.
•Common personal storage devices that can be used
to carry computer data are as
following: for images please open the link.
digital camera
flash memory ; cards used in digital cameras
iPod
USB keydrive
•CD-R or DVD-R

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Electronic Media
•The primary electronic media sources familiar to
the general public are better known as video
recordings, audio recordings, multimedia
presentations, slide presentations, CD-ROM and
Online Content.
•Any equipment used in the electronic
communication process e.g. television, radio,
telephone, desktop computer, handheld device)
may also be considered electronic media.

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Hypermedia
•It is used as a logical extension of the term hypertext, in which
graphics, audio, video, plain text and hyperlinks intertwine to create a
generally non-linear medium of information.
•A hypertext system that can display multimedia including graphics,
sounds, animation, and video
•An extension to hypertext to include graphics and audio
•The hypertext concept extended to include linked multiple media
•online information with text, images, audio, and animation associated
in a nonlinear web of associations
•Also known as "interactive multimedia," this format allows random
access to information in a program
•A visual, interactive and non-linear medium for communication, which is based
on a human-computer interaction paradigm where the user can browse through a
database using point and click interaction techniques

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Hyperlink
•A hyperlink, is a reference or navigation
element in a document to another section of
the same document or to another document
that may be on a (different) website.

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Hypermedia example
•The World Wide Web is a classic example of
hypermedia, whereas a non-interactive cinema
presentation is an example of standard multimedia.
•In history of hypermedia we can say:For first time Ted
Nelson’ used the term hypermedia along with hypertext
in his 1965 article
The first truly universal hypermedia was Hypercard,1987
•Most modern hypermedia is delivered via
electronic pages from a variety of systems.
•Audio hypermedia is emerging with voice command
devices and voice browsing.

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Applications
•Presentations
•Bussiness
•Advertisement
•games and simulations
•Education

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Advantage
•Better communication
•including linked multiple media
•Interactivity
•Random access to content of information
•User-friendly
•Effective communication
•Creates better impact
•Attractive
•Offers greater clarity
•Multi Options
•Useful for a variety of audience, like differently abled.

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In Education
•Multimedia is used to produce computer-based training courses
(popularly called CBTs) and reference books like encyclopedia and
almanacs.
• A CBT lets the user go through a series of presentations, text about a
particular topic, and associated illustrations in various information
formats.
•Edutainment is an informal term used to describe combining
education with entertainment, especially multimedia entertainment.
•Learning theory in the past decade has expanded dramatically
because of the introduction of multimedia.
•Several lines of research have evolved (e.g. Cognitive load,
Multimedia learning, and the list goes on). The possibilities for
learning and instruction are nearly endless.

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In library science
•Digital libray
•Virtual library
•E-hand library
•Video conferencing used in ordinary reference
work
•Hyperlinks
•Virtual books
•Web 2.0 applications such as podcast,

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HyperCard
•HyperCard was an application program from
Apple Inc. (at the time Apple Computer, Inc.) that
was among the first successful hypermedia systems
before the World Wide Web. It most closely
resembles a database application in concept, in that
it stores information, and is graphical, flexible and
creates files that are easy to modify.
10

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Electronic page
•An electronic page is a term to encompass the grouping of content
between basic breaking points in presentations or documents that
originate or remain as visual electronic documents. This is a software
file and recording format term in contrast to electronic paper, a
hardware display technology. Electronic pages may be a standard
sized based on the document settings of a word processor file, desktop
publishing application file, or presentation software file. Electronic
pages may also be dynamic in size or content such as in the case of
HTML pages. When end user interactivity is part of the user
experience design of an electronic page, it is better known as a
graphical user interface (GUI). The number and size of electronic
pages in a document are limited by the amount of computer memory,
not by the display devices or amount of paper.
•Most electronic pages are for either display (screen output) on a
computer monitor or handheld device, or output to a printing device.
PDF and some e-book file format pages are designed to do both. Most
applications will print electronic pages without the need for a screen
capture.

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Print media

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Personal storage devices

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HANDHELD DEVICES
back to Electronic page

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E-page, laptop, e-book
12
back to Electronic page

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text,
audio,
images,
animation

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Multimedia
•(Multum + Medium) is media that utilizes a
combination of different content forms.
•The term can be used as a noun (a medium with
multiple content forms) or as an adjective
describing a medium as having multiple content
forms.
•In general, multimedia includes a combination of

text,
audio,
images,
animation,
video,
and interactivity content forms
Link

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Multimedia Categories to
•linear and non-linear categories.
•Linear active content progresses without any
navigation control for the viewer such as a cinema
presentation.
•Non-linear content offers user interactivity to
control progress as used with a computer game or
used in self-paced computer based training.
•Non-linear content is also known as hypermedia
content.

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Category multimedia …2
•Multimedia presentations can be live or
recorded.
•A recorded presentation may allow
interactivity via a navigation system.
•A live multimedia presentation may allow
interactivity via interaction with the
presenter or performer, Videoconference .