Impact Evaluation of Land Use-Land Cover Change on the Hydrology of Salipit River Basin

Impact Evaluation of Land Use-Land Cover Change on the Hydrology of SalipitRiver Basin

1. Impact Evaluation of Land Use-
Land Cover Change on the Hydrology of
SalipitRiver Basin
Richmark N. Macuha
Assistant Professor
Institute of Civil Engineering
University of the Philippines - Diliman
FEDERICO E. PUNO PROFESSORIAL CHAIR B
2024 UP COE PROFESSORIAL CHAIR COLLOQIUM
24-26 January 2024 | UP National Engineering Center

2. Presentation Outline
•Background
•Problem Statement
•Methodology
•Results and Discussion
•Summary and Conclusion

3. Study Area
Pansipit River
Vicinity Map of Pansipit River
Manila Bay
Maragondon
River

4. Background
Quarrying activity in Maragondon Mountains
(photo by Tañagras, 2022)
In the last 10-15 years, the following were
observed:
•Rapid, uncoordinated expansion of human
settlements
•Increasing quarrying activities
•Deforestration

5. Background
•Water Resources Facility within the
basin:
•PinagsanhanWater System
•Solar-powered Irrigation System (DA)
•Protected area upstream
•Urban area downstream

6. Statement of the Problem
Asamajorsourceofdomesticandagriculturalwatersupply,SalipitRiverBasinisan
importantwaterresourceasset.However,thebasincontinuallyexperiencesuncontrolled
developmentandenvironmentaldegradation.Itisessentialtodevelopapredictionmodel
thatwillhelpassessthepossibleeffectsofland-usechangeonitshydrology.
Objective: To quantify the hydrological impacts of land use-land cover change
in the Salipit River Basin via numerical modeling
Significance: The prediction model can provide valuable information in the
development of basin management plan

7. Conceptual Framework

8. Methodology

9. Development of Land Use Scenarios

10. Development of Land Use Scenarios

11. Development of Land Use Scenarios

12. Development of Land Use Scenarios

13. Development of Land Use Scenarios

14. Hydrologic Model

15. Calibration and Validation

16. Impact on Water Balance
•All scenarios except Scenario 2 resulted to reduced surface runoff
•Increase in forest and vegetative cover causes reduction in surface runoff

17. Impact on Monthly Peak Flows
•On average, 3-25%
difference in peak flow was
observed
•Maximum deviations from
baseline condition:
•53% increase in June for
Scenario 2: Urban Expansion
•43% decrease in June for
Scenario 5: Intensified
Reforestation
Simulated average monthly peak flows for wet season
(June-November)

18. Impact on Average Streamflow
•There is a notable decrease in
streamflow for Scenario 5:
Intensified Reforestation.
>>>Streamflow reductionmay
negatively impact the stakeholders
that depend on surface water, e.g.,
local irrigation system
8.4
-1.4
-5.1
-11.2
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
Scenario 2Scenario 3Scenario 4Scenario 5
Change in Simulated Monthly
Streamflow (%)

19. Summary
•The developed hydrologic model is a useful tool in understanding the behaviorof Salipit
River Basin in response to land use-land cover change.
•Decrease in forest and vegetation cover causes increase in surface runoff and
streamflow.
•Increase in forest and vegetation cover causes increase in evapotranspiration, which in
turn causes streamflow reduction
•The results of this study can be used as a reference by different stakeholders (e.g., LGU)
to develop basin-related plans and policies (e.g., drafting of new CLUP).

20. References
•Aboelnour,M.,Gitau,M.W.,&Engel,B.A.(2020).AComparisonofStreamflowandBaseflowResponsestoLand-
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•BureauofSoilsandWaterManagement.(2022).CaviteSoilMap.[Digitalmap].
•DepartmentofPublicWorksandHighways,StreamflowManagementSystem.(2022).Maragondonriverdaily
discharge.[Dataset].EnvironmentalSystemsResearchInstitute.(2022).Sentinel-210mLanduse/LandCover
Timeseries(2017-2021).[Dataset].
•Gao,X.,Chen,X.,Biggs,T.,&Yao,H.(2018).SeparatingWetandDryYearstoImproveCalibrationofSWATin
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useandlandcover:towardssustainabledevelopmentofMegaManila,Philippines.GeoJournal,86(2),927–942.

21. References
•MoriasiD.N.,ArnoldJ.G.,VanLiewM.W.,BingnerR.L.,HarmelR.D.,&VeithT.L.(2007).Modelevaluation
guidelinesforsystematicquantificationofaccuracyinwatershedsimulations.AmericanSocietyofAgriculturaland
BiologicalEngineers,50(3),885-900.
•MunicipalityofMaragondon.(n.d.).ComprehensiveLandUsePlan2011-2022.
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Maragondon,Cavite,5mgeotiffileformat,PRS92projection.[Dataset].
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