Improvised Apparatus

Low cost materials used for science teaching

1. Improvised Apparatus

2. Necessity is the mother of invention; new emerging needs of science teaching, therefore call for improvisation”. - UNESCO source book for Science Teaching. ‘Improvisation’ - providing , making or doing something quickly, at the time of need, using whatever happens to be available refers to learning aids prepared with simple and readily available inexpensive materials by involving students and teachers.

3. NEED Inculcation of scientific attitude and the training in scientific method The lack of adequate apparatus for demonstration and experimentation is a great problem for a developing country like India Easily prepare ordinary laboratory apparatus from simple articles found in home and other places

4. Objectives Design Development Needs of Users Type, Cost, Relevance, Resources St.s , Tr.s , Community Feedback Process of developing improved apparatus Process of developing improved apparatus Process of developing improvised apparatus

5. Pilot Testing Finalization Product and Distribution Process of developing improvised apparatus

6. Raw materials - easily available - free or at low cast Do not involve specialized skills - made by pupils, teachers Can be used easily and effectively by the teacher Production process is simple and inexpensive Simple, accurate and appropriate to the age level Stimulates thinking , reacting, discussing, experimenting Free from conflicts or bias. Students have easy approach Production - not time consuming Characteristics

7. Disadvantages of Improvisation Wastage of Time and Money Not Durable Not give Accurate Results