Information education and communication ppt (IEC)

it will be more useful for nursing students

1. INFORMATION EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PRESENTED BY : TUSHAR KEDAR M,sc (N )

2. Introduction : Information education is a term commonly used and referred to by health professionals. The purpose of information education in communication is to improve peoples health by increasing awareness and knowledge and changing attitude and behavior .

3. DEFINITION: “Information education and communication is an important tool in health promotion for creating supportive environments and strengthening community action ,in addition to playing an important role in changing behavior .”

4. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE Encourage people to adopt and sustain health promoting life style and practices . Promote the proper use of health service provide new knowledge ,improve skills and change attitudes Stimulate individual and community

5. PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH EDUCATION : Credibility: It is the degree to which the message to be communicated is perceived as trustworthy by the receiver. It must be consistent and compatible with scientific knowledge.  

6. Cont.. Interest: People are unlikely to listen to those things which are not to their interest. Health educators must find out the real health needs i.e. ‘felt needs’ of the people. Very often there are groups who may have health needs of which they are not aware.

7. Cont.. Participation: Participation is key word in health education. It should aim at encouraging people to work actively with health workers and in identifying their own health problems and also in developing solutions and plans to work them out. It provides maximum feedback. Motivation: Awakening the desire to learn is termed as motivation. In health education people are motivated to accept new thoughts, habits and activities. In the language people understand  

8. Cont.. Comprehension: In health education we must know the level of education and literacy of people. We should always communicate. . Teaching should be within the mental capacity of the audience. Reinforcement: Most people do not accept new facts in one attempt. Hence repetition is necessary for effective health education.

9. Cont.. Setting Examples: The health educator should set a example in the things he is teaching. Good Human Relations: Sharing information happens most easily between people who have a good relationship.

10. Cont… Learning by doing: A person can learn better by doing things in place of hearing or seeing. Hence it is necessary to pay more attention to active learning in health education.   Known to unknown: Health education should be provided from known to unknown and simple to complex. The intelligence of a person should be fully exploited to motivate him towards accepting new facts.  

11. PLANNING AN IEC STRATEGY : IEC success when it is planned with comprehensive strategy. There must be true dialogue. Everything cannot be changed at once . The timing should be appropriate. Information overload is to be avoided

12. Definition: “ Communication is the process of exchanging the information and the process of generating and transmitting meanings, between two more individuals.”

13. METHODS OF EFFECTIVE COMMMUNICATION (SKILLS OF COMMUNICATION) Conversational Skills : Control the tone of your voice so that you are conveying exactly what you mean to say. The tone should indicate interest, patience & acceptance rather than boredom, anger & hostility. .

14. CONT … Be knowledgeable about the topic of conversation and have accurate information. Be flexible – Discuss the what receiver wants to discuss even if you have many of things to discuss Be clear, concise and make statements as simple as possible. Avoid words that may give two meanings. Be truthful .

15. Listening skills : Don’t cross your arms or legs while listening because that body language conveys a message of being closed to the others comments. Be alert and relaxed. Keep conversation as possible as natural. Indicate paying of attention in conversation .

16. CONT….. Think before respond.

17. Silence skills : The receiver feels comfortable. The receiver can explore his/here inner thought. Excessive talking silence focus only on sender and not on receiver.

18. Assertive skills: The key of assertiveness is open, honest and direct communication. The “I” statements i.e. I feel, I know, play an important role in assertive statements. Having empathy. Clarifying ones expectations.

19. Records and reports

20. RECORDS AND REPORTS: RECORD: DEFINITION: “ A record is a permanent written communication that documents information relevant to a client’s health care management .” Ex. a client chart is a continuing account of client’s health care status and need.

21. Cont.. PURPOSES OF RECORDS: Supply data that essential for programme planning and evaluation. To provide the practioner with data required for the application of professional services for the improvement of family’s health. Records are tools of communication between health workers, the family and The family and other factor other development personnel.

22. CONT… Effective health records show the health problem in the family and other factor affect health. A record indicates plans for future. Records provides baseline data to estimate the long term changes related to services. Records provides an opportunity for evaluating the nursing situation or services in the family. .Records help in research for improvement of nursing care

23. Cont… PRINCIPLES OF RECORD WRITING: Nurses should develop their own method of expression and forming record writing. Record should be written clearly & appropriately. Record should contain facts based on observation, conversation and action.

24. Cont.. Select relevant facts and recording should be neat, complete and uniform Record should be written immediately after an interview. Records are confidential documents.

25. IMPORTANCE Recorded facts have a value and scientific accuracy for many more than mere impression of memory. Records are the guidelines for better administration of family health services and also for the new appointments . The services of the health personnel are reflected in case records. Records are means of communication between health workers and family.

26. Cont… Records save effort and money Records provide an opportunity for evaluating health programme and the health services Records be useful as an instrument of health education are useful in research Records prevent duplication of services and it helps follow-up services effectively

27. VALUES AND USES OF RECORD FOR A NURSE The record provides basic facts of her services done for the family or patient. Record provides the services done, what is being done, what is to be done, and the goal to be achieved towards health. Record provides basis for planning the intervention.

28. Use of Records

29. FOR A NURSE Record helps the nurse to organize her work and saves time. Record serves as a guide to professional growth. Record will help the nurse to evaluate the care and teaching which she has given. Records serve as communication tool between staff and other members. VALUES AND USES OF RECORD

30. FOR THE DOCTOR The record serves as a guide for diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and evaluation of services. Record indicate progress of the patient& continuity of care. Record protect the doctor in case of legal issues. VALUES AND USES OF RECORD

31. FOR THE FAMILY& INDIVIDUAL The records help the individual and family to become aware of their health needs. The health records or flash cards or posters or charts can be used as a teaching tool. Record serve to document the history of the client. VALUES AND USES OF RECORD

32. FOR A HEALTH WORKER AT VILLAGE LEVEL The record help the nurse to know about the details of pregnant women, making use of antenatal services such as registration, history, TT immunization, feeding, antenatal examinations and future plan for delivery and condition of fetus etc. VALUES AND USES OF RECORD

33. VALUES AND USES OF RECORD 2.The mother care register provides details of delivery conducted by whom, sex of the baby, place of delivery, birth weight. 3.The birth and death register provides the number of birth and death in a day, month and year and causes of death. 4.Growth chart provides weight taken, grades of malnutrition, height and sickness.

34. Registering of foot prints of newly born baby

35. TYPES OF RECORDS CUMULATIVE/CONTINUING RECORDS FAMILY RECORDS ANECDOTAL RECORDS CLINICAL RECORDS

36. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME CONCERNING THE STUDENT Application form Record of students clinical experience Health record Progress report Cumulative record Internal assessment register

37. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME CONCERNING THE STAFF Job description. Records of staff members educational qualification, experience. Leave record Health record Attendance register Confidential records

38. Computerized attendance system

39. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME RECORDS IN PHC General information register OPD register Prescription register Attendance register Stock register

40. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME RECORDS IN PHC Death and birth register Inspection register Finance record Morbidity record

41. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME RECORDS IN SUB-CENTER Mother care register Child care register Programme register Stock register Death and birth register

42. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME RECORDS IN SUB-CENTER Monthly report register Family planning register General information register School health register Eligible couple register

43. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME CODE NUMBERS R1 Clinical reg R3 Surgery carried out in PHC R5 Family planning R7 Malaria cases R15 Pregnancy reg R16 Birth record R17 under five R12-18 ANC

44. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME RECORDS IN HOSPITALS Out patient and in patient records Nurses records Doctors order sheet Graphic charts of TPR Reports of laboratory examination

45. RECORDS IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMME RECORDS IN HOSPITALS Consent form Diet sheet Intake and out put chart Registers

46. Recording of Daily Activities

47. Doctors Recording and Reporting

48. CARE OF RECORDS The records are kept under safe custody of nurse in each ward No individual sheet is separated from complete record Records are kept in a place, not accessible to the clients and visitors No stranger is ever permitted to read the records Records are not hand over to legal advisors without the written permission of administration

49. CARE OF RECORDS All records are to be handled carefully Records could be arranged; Alphabetically Numerically With index card Geographically Records are never send out of the hospital without doctors permission

50. REPORT : ‘ Reports are information about a patient either written or oral.’ OR A report is summary of activities or observations seen, performed or heard.

51. PURPOSES OF WRITING REPORT : To show the kind and quantity of service rendered to a specific period, To show the progress in reaching goals As an aid in planning. To interpret the service to the public and to public and to their interesting agencies.

52. CRITERIA OF GOOD REPORT: Can be made promptly Clear, concise and complete All pertinent, identifying data included Mention all people concerned ,situation and signature of person making report. `easily understood Important points are emphasized.

53. ELEMENTS OF REPORT Timings Organization Clarity Brevity Correctness Objectivity

54. TYPES OF REPORTS ORAL REPORTS WRITTEN REPORTS 24 hours report Census report Accident reports

55. TYPES OF REPORTS CHANGE-OF-SHIFT REPORTS Reports among members of nursing team Reports between head nurse and her assistant Reports between head nurse and nursing superintendent Reports to the physician

56. TYPES OF REPORTS TRANSFER REPORTS INCIDENT REPORTS LEGAL REPORTS

57. Reporting in Nursing

58. RESPONSIBILITY OF NURSE LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY RESPONSIBILITY IN MAINTAINING MEDICAL RECORD RESPONSIBILITY IN MAINTAINING SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION

59. RESPONSIBILITY OF NURSE RESPONSIBILITY IN PROVIDING A SOUND BASIS FOR CARE PLANNING MAINTAINING RECORDS AND REPORTS IN A FUNCTIONAL,ACCURATE,COMPLETE,CURRENT ORGANISED AND CONFIDENTIAL MANNER

60. TELEMEDICINE. INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine is the use of information and communications technology (ICT) for medical diagnosis and patient care. Telemedicine can deliver health-care services, where distance may be the critical factor The telemedicine is the method of teaching which is used to provide education to the medical personnel.

61. definition The delivery of health care services, where distance is a critical factor, by all health care professionals using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment, prevention of disease, injuries, research and evaluation of health care providers all in the interest of advancing the health of the individual and communities”-By WHO.

62. TYPES OF TELE-MEDICINE: 1- Real time (synchronous). 2- Store-and-forward (asynchronous). Real time (synchronous ):- It requires the presence of both parties at the same time and a communications link between them that allows a real-time interaction to take place.

63. - Store-and-forward (asynchronous):- Involves acquiring medical data (like medical images, bio-signals etc) and then transmitting this data to a doctor or medical specialist at a convenient time for assessment offline.

64. ADVANTAGES:- Improve access to quality health service In emergency and critical situations Lessen the cost of patient transfers. Reduce unnecessary travel time for health professionals

65. Cont…. Reduction in clinical errors Supports local health care providers to provide high quality care. For the patient it is saving of vital and crucial time and cost of diagnosis for the doctor's examination time is drastically reduced.

66. BARRIERS IN TELEMEDICINE PRACTICE: Lack of health infrastructure and services. Shortage of computer and health care personnel Lack of training facilities with regards to the application of ICT in medicine. Physician/ patient unacceptance