Information Education communication

IEC

1. ARMY INSTITUTE OF NURSING SEMINAR ON IEC/BCC:PRINCIPLE AND STRATEGIES PRESENTED BY- PINKI BARMAN 1 ST YEAR M.SC NURSING AIN, GUWAHATI

2. INFORMATION,EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION(IEC )

3. INTRODUCTION We all communicate all the time; there is not a single moment when we are not communicating. Communication plays a vital role in our day-to-day life. An important purpose of communicating with people is to enable the members of the community to understand their problems and take appropriate action to solve them collectively Information, education and communication are interrelated to each other. IEC strategies involve planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

4. What is Information???? It is defined as one or more statements or facts that are received by a human which have some form of worth to him.

5. What is Education??? It is a learning process or a series of learning experiences through which an individual informs and orient himself to develop skills and intelligent actions.

6. What is Communication??? communication is process by which two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings, or impressions in way that each gains a common understanding of meaning, intent and use of message. -Paul Leagens

7. DEFINITION Information, education and communication: IEC is an approach which attempts to change or reinforce a set of behaviour in a target audience, regarding a specific problem in a predefined period of time - Reproductive health and research, WHO

8. INFORMATION The word 'Information' in Social Interaction. Information is about something, it can be about an object, people, situation or events etc The information involves informants, advisers, reference book compilers as well as those act on the information

9. Function of Information 1. Reduces uncertainity or disorganization. 2. Regulate the level of social tension . 3.Fill the gap in knowledge and create awareness 4.Inspire people to move.  

10. EDUCATION Education is concerned with opening out the horizons to choose his interests and mode of living. It is a process of continuous interaction in which both teachers taught and get benefitted. It helps to mould the behaviour pattern of man and to adjust himself. Educational process is a planned effort to achieve pre-determined objectives related to thinking, feeling and practices.

11. HEALTH EDUCATION Health education is a process that informs, motivates and helps people to adopt and maintain healthy practices and lifestyles, advocates environmental changes as needed to facilitate this goal and conducts professional training and research to the same end.

12. OBJECTIVES OF HEALTH EDUCATION Informing People Motivating People Guiding into Action

13. PRINCIPLE OF HEALTH EDUCATION The community health nurse as an educator must identify his/her client’s health problems, health needs and understand these in context of socio economic-cultural conditions, values systems and interest of people. The community health nurse must involve clients to comprehend their health problems and health needs and prioritize them according to their felt needs. She needs to plan and organize the health education programme on the basis of clients, felt needs and problem by involving them as feasible. The health education content must be based on intended health behavior related to identified learning needs of clients. It should be accurate, relevant, adequate, significant etc.

14. The content must be properly designed and organized to attain intended health behavior. There should be bi-way face to face effective communication of health education content. The community health nurse/health educator must communicate the content clearly. He/she should use proper verbal and non verbal languages. A variety of health education methods and teaching aids should be used depending upon the intended behavior, content, groups, and existing circumstances. The environment must be conductive for conducting health education. It should be suitable and comfortable for both health educator and the clients. . The community health nurse as a health educator must reflect her professional image. Learning should be reinforced through practice and application.

15. HEALTH EDUCATION PROCESS Establish communication Assessment and diagnosis of learning needs Setting goals and objectives Planning of teaching plan Implementing Teaching plan as planned Evaluation

16. HEALTH EDUCATION METHOD Lecture method General group discussion

17. Symposium Panel Discussion

18. Interview- Dialogue

19. Buzz session Open forum Demonstration Case study Field trip Role play

20. APPROCHES OF HEALTH EDUCATION Mass level Community level Group level Family level Individual level

21. COMMUICATION Communication is a process in which people affect one another the exchange of information, ideas, and feeling. The word communication is derived from Latin word ‘ communils ’, meaning “ common”.Communication is an interaction between two or more persons that involve exchange of information between a sender and receiver .

22. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION Verbal communication Non-verbal communication Two –way communication One –way communication Formal and informal communication Visual communication Telecommunication

23. BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION Physical Barriers Perceptual Barriers Emotional Barriers Cultural Barriers Language Barriers Stereotyping Wrong channel

24. Communication skills Communication skills are the ability to send messages that are properly an entirely received and understood by the target audience.

25. INFORMATION,EDUCATION,COMMUNICATION It is a public health approach aiming at changing or reinforcing health-related behaviours in a target audience, concerning a specific problem and within a pre-defined period of time, through communication methods and principles.

26. OBJECTIVES OF IEC Increase reach of services by making visits of workers and supervisors more predictable and regular . Improve the quality of services through knowledge and skill development of workers. Make supervision more oriented towards problem solving Link supervision with training at various levels. Concentrate on local field problems both for development of training materials and their user. Combine interpersonal communication strategy with mass media approach

27. Streamline supply systems to meet the local needs of health and family welfare units. Establish relationship between various levels and elements of the system. Improve performance levels through continuous interaction with village community volunteers.

28. MAJOR COMPONENTS OF IEC Visit schedule Training Supervision Monitoring and Evaluation

29. PLANNING STRATEGY IEC succeeds when it is planned with a comprehensive strategy. This means having clearly articulated objectives, keeping the client at the centre of what is being designed, conducting appropriate research, undertaking audience segmentation, carefully crafting and testing messages, knowing and using appropriate channel choices, and planning for monitoring and feedback Know the community traditions. Give emphasis on long term capacity building. Plan sufficient time, to foster changes in social and behavioral . Link the IEC programmes with health care services delivery programme. Always emphasize positive behavior change .

30. Implementing a Strategy Support of community leaders , public opinion leaders and decision-makers can lead to stronger results. Actively involving the target audience in the design, implementation and monitoring of a project is critical. Listen to local language, custom, and experience. Establish linkages and relationships with, and actively involve, traditional healers, local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and local support groups, and recognize the important role each plays. Share information with them. The interaction between health care providers (at all levels) and clients is important for successful IEC interventions. Multimedia campaigns are most effective when mass media and popular traditional channels are used in combination with person-to-person interactions

31. Monitoring and Evaluating a Strategy

32. Steps in Developing IEC Activities Conduct a needs assessment.  Set the goal.  Establish behavioural objectives that will contribute to achieving the goal.  Develop the IEC activities and involve as many other partners as possible. After their successful implementation, you should be able to have a significant impact on achieving the behavioural objectives.  Identify potential barriers and ways of overcoming them.  Identify potential partners, resources, and other forms of support for your activities and gain their sustained commitment.  Establish an evaluation plan.

33. BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION Behavior Change Communication has been defined as an interactive process with communities to develop tailored messages and approaches using a variety of communication channels to develop positive behaviors; promote and sustain individual, community and societal behavior change; and maintain appropriate behaviors. Behavior change communication is the strategic use of communication to promote positive health outcomes, based on proven theories and models of behavior change. BCC also employs a systematic process beginning with formative research and behavior analysis, followed by communication planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation.

34. PRINCIPLE OF BCC BCC should be integrated with the goal and objective of the program. Formative BCC assessments must be carried out while developing BCC messages. Target population must participate during BCC development. Key and direct stakeholders need to be involved from the design stage of BCC. Pre-testing must be done for effective BCC materials. BCC programs must involve planning for monitoring and evaluation. BCC strategies must be positive and action oriented

35. The Process of Change in Behaviour Create Awareness Create Interest Evaluation of Practices Try out Decisions Adoption of Practices

36. Steps of BCC programme

37. STRATEGY OF BCC User identification Community Mobilization: Mass media for making mindfulness for national projects like adolescent wellbeing, MCH wellbeing administrations, and so forth. Platform: Home visits, gatherings Target population: Identify the key target population of the message Advancement of healthy behavior messages: MCH, Nutrition, Contraception, Adolescents, Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Epidemics, and so on.

38. IMPORTANCE OF BCC AT DIFFERENT LEVELS At individual level At community-level At national level

39. ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE IN IEC The community health nurse should communicate the people in such a way to bring changes in health behaviour and life style that promote their health . The community health nurse should irrespective of her designation and place of work, it is important for her to understand the various aspects of practice of health education and training. The community health nurse should include various methods for successful health education such as lecture, discussion, demonstration, case study interview, leaflets and pamphlets. The community health nurse has to use various health education aids/materials to make the learning more effective, the AV aids materials includes auditory aids, visual aids, audiovisual aids and folk media.

40. The community health nurse should consider following factors while she plans for health education such as felt breed of the people time, place and method. The community health nurse while planning and implementing health education, she may come across various constrains such as organizational support, equipment supplies, time and place.

41. CONCLUSION