Information processing theories

Information processing theories. The memory process Structure of the Information-Processing System

1. Information-Processing Theories Olive R. Orpilla COED

2. Overview Recall vs Recognition What is Information Processing? The memory process Structure of the Information-Processing System

3. Recognition you must retrieve the information from your memory fill-in-the blank or essay tests you must identify the target from possible targets multiple-choice tests Recall vs

4. Information Processing Information processing is a theory of learning that explains how stimuli that enter our memory systems are selected and organized for storage and retrieved from memory.

5. Memory Processing Three step process…. Encoding: The processing of information into the memory system. Storage: The retention of encoded material over time. Retrieval: The process of getting the information out of memory storage.

6. Structure of the Information-Processing System The standard information-process model has three major components: sensory memory working memory or short-term memory long-term memory

7. Sensory Memory Stimuli from the environment (sights, sounds, smell, etc.) constantly bombard our body’s mechanisms for seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, and feeling. Sensory memory is the initial processing that transforms these incoming stimuli into information so we can make sense of them

8. S hort-term memory Short-term memory , on the other hand, refers only to the temporary storage of information in memory. It just usually means storage, the immediate memory for new information that can be held for 15-20 seconds

9. Long-term Memory A permanent information store Descriptions of long term memory Declare Knowledge: Knowledge of facts Procedural Knowledge: Knowledge of how to perform tasks

10. Model of Memory Systems SENSORY MENORY Sensory Input (External Stimulus)

11. Model of Memory Systems WORKING MEMORY Attention SENSORY MENORY Sensory Input (External Stimulus)

12. Model of Memory Systems Rehearsal/Repetition WORKING MEMORY Forgotten Attention SENSORY MENORY Sensory Input (External Stimulus)

13. Model of Memory Systems Rehearsal/Repetition WORKING MEMORY Forgotten Attention SENSORY MENORY LONG-TERM MEMORY Encoding & Elaboration Retrieval Sensory Input (External Stimulus)

14. Output (Response) Model of Memory Systems Rehearsal/Repetition WORKING MEMORY Forgotten Attention SENSORY MENORY LONG-TERM MEMORY Encoding & Elaboration Retrieval Sensory Input (External Stimulus)