insect mouth parts

SLIDE CONSISTS INFORMATION ABOUT TYPES OF INSECT MOUTH PARTS

1. TYPES OF MOUTH PARTS IN INSECTS

2. DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY SKN COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SUBMITTED TO- DR.S L SHARMA BY- RAJENDR A YADAV Msc entomology

3. TYPES OF INSECT HEAD BASED ON INCLIATION

4. B. PROGNATHUS TYPE :- (Pro- infront ; Gnathous –jaw) Long axis of the head is HORIZONTAL. STRAIGHT(180) angle to long axis of body. Mouth parts are directed forward. Eg . Ground beetle . Also called as COLEOPTEROID type

5. C. OPISTHOGNATHOUS TYPE:- (OPISTHO-behind ; GNATHUS- jaw) Head is deflexed . Mouth parts are directed backwards and held between the forelegs. Eg . Stink bug . Also called as HEMIPTEROID TYPE

6. TYPES OF INSECT MOUTH PARTS A. Labrum (upper lip) B. Labium (lower lip) C. Mandibles(jaw) D. Maxillae E. Hypopharynx ( tounge ) F. Labrum – epipharynx (organ of taste)

7. 1.Biting and Chewing Mouth Parts- PRIMITIVE type of mouth parts consist of labrum,labrum-epipharyx,mandible , maxillae,labium and hypopharyx . labium and labrum – one in number lower and upper lip of insect respectively . Mandible and maxillae – one pair which are true jaw and accessory jaw respectivly . Biting off,chewing and swollowing small bits from plant and animal . Mostly present in cockroach and grasshopper.

8. 1.LABRUM Flap like, bilobed ,movable and cover pre oral cavity from above. It is upper lip of insect mouth .

9. 2.MANDIBLES Heavily sclerotised , toothed on their inner border . Lying behind the labrum on side of pre oral cavity . They have two types of teeth:- distal –sharply pointed called incisor or cutting teeth and proximal teeth are called molar or grinding teeth. Used in bite and grind food into small fragments .

10. 3.maxillae This is secondary jaws or accessory jaw,paired and more complicated . Consist of :-1.cardo ,2.stipes ,3. five segmented palpifer (maxillary palp ) 4.outer lobe- galea (hood like ) 5.inner lobe – lacinia (jaw like)

11. 4. labium It bounds the mouth cavity from below or behind . It forms the base of pre oral cavity . Consists of three median sclerites :- submentum (large basal sclerite ) , mentum (middle sclerite ) and prementum (apical sclerite ). Three segmnted plpiger (labial palpi ). Two lobes –outer lobe ( paraglossa ) inner lobe ( glossae )* both pairs when fused are called ligula .

12. Labium (lower lip of insect mouth )

13. 2.PIERCING AND SUCKING TYPE MOUTH PARTS FOUND IN SUCKING INSECTS LIKE APHID , mosquitos , fleas and some flies of diptera . Found beak or probosis / stylet for sucking sap or blood which is modification of all mouth parts . It is of two types :- A.Hemipterous /bug type (4 styletys -2 from mandible and other 2 from maxillae). B. Dipterous/mosquito type (6 stylet :-2 from maxillae ,2 from from mandible , one from labrum – epipharyx (enclosing the food canal and one from hypopharynx (containing the salivary canal)

14. 3.CHEWING AND LAPPING TYPE: PRESENT IN WORKER HONEY BEE. Maxillolabial structures are modified to form the lapping tongue. Whereas labrum and mandibles chewing type but mandibles are blunt an not toothed . Tongue unit consist of two galea of maxillae,two labial palp and elongated flexible hairy glossa of labium.

15. Honey bee mouth parts

16. 4.RASPING AND SUCKING TYPE FOUD IN THRIPS mainly . Mouth cone consists of labrum ,labium and maxillae. 3 stylet present (right mandible absent )

17. 5.SPONGING TYPE :- Mainly occure in house fly ,blow flies, fruit flies . Absorbing fluid food or solid both by liquified them from secration of saliva . Mandibles absent .and proboscis divided into two parts:-1.basal –rostrum ,2.distal-haustellum

18. 6.Siphoning type :- Occures in lepidopterian insects :-butterfly and moths Consists of elongated sucking tub e or proboscis.formed by two galease of maxillae which interlocked by hooks or spines .

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