INTRODUCTION OF PSYCHOLOGY Nursing .pptx

Introduction of psychology
Nursing Notes for Gnm & B.sc Students are required to paste a presentation on PSYCHOLOGY in most important topics are add
The psychology chapter one is to topic vise advise and education.

Montu Gohil

1. INTRODUCTION OF PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY –GNM 1 YEAR BY –MONTU GOHIL SPIN

2. INTRODUCTION OF PSYCHOLOGY Psychology is a Greek word, psyche' and logos'. Psyche ' means Soul'. Logos' means the 'Study of or Knowledge'. Psychology - Study of soul.

3. DEFINITION OF PSYCHOLOGY Psychology is the science of human behaviour . ( Walter Bowers Pillsbury-1911) Psychology is a science, which aims to give us better understanding and control of the behaviour of the organism as a whole . ( William McDougall-1949 )

4. IMPORTANCE OF PSYCHOLOGY IN NURSING Psychology is an applied science which is useful in studying mental functions, behaviour and understanding of individuals and groups. Knowledge of psychology to understand the various attitudes and behaviour of people. It helps in understanding the patient better. This can be usually taking place with good communication with the patient. Patient's psychology can also help in deciphering the lifestyle which includes eating habits, smoking, drinking, exercise, etc. The knowledge of psychology will help nurse to understand the problems and needs of patients and attend to them. Psychology is relevant not only in physical health care, but also highly relevant in the field of mental health. Today we see more and more people are suffering from mental illness. The knowledge of psychology will help nurses to understand such abnormal behaviours and help the patients in the management and cure. Nurses working in mental hospitals need the full knowledge of general, abnormal, clinical, and counselling psychology. The knowledge of psychology will help her to understand her strengths and weaknesses .

5. SCOPE OF PSYCHOLOGY 1 . Human Psychology: Different behaviours performed by human beings are studied in human psychology. Under this branch of psychology, only human behaviour is studied, not animal behaviour . It is studied in human psychology that man behaves differently in different situations. 2 . Social Psychology: Social psychology is also a branch of psychology, under which the behaviour of individuals in society is studied. In society, the person performs many types of interactions with other people. 3 . Animal Psychology: Under this branch of psychology, Animal psychology is also called comparative psychology because animal psychology is compared with human psychology. 4 . Educational Psychology: The branch of psychology which explains, analyses and resolves education problems, is called education psychology. It Education psychology helps all of them get desired results in terms of students , teachers, educationists, researchers, parents, etc. 5 . Industrial Psychology: Under this branch of psychology, all the factors affecting the industries related to the industry and the behaviour of the employees and positive or negative factors affecting that behaviour are studied.

6. Cont….. 6 . Individual Psychology: The nature of two persons anywhere in the world is not always the same. They differ from physical, intellectual, and emotional perspectives. 7 . Group Psychology: When the same person sits in different groups then according to the nature of the group, there is a difference in his behaviour . The behaviour of the person in the group is studied in group psychology. 8 . Child Psychology: In child psychology , the development, language, momentum, mental abilities, intelligence, learning, etc. The study of influences of inheritance and environment on the child is also studied under this branch of psychology . 9 . Adolescent Psychology: In this branch of psychology, it studies characteristics of adolescence and development during adolescence . 10 . Genetic Psychology: It is also called ecological psychology. Under this, the study of the origin of the person and the caste and the gradual development ete . is studied . 11 . Physiological Psychology: It is also a branch of psychology, which deals with the relation of any behaviour to different organs of the human body, relationship of the nervous system and mental processes, the relationships of muscles the brain and various types of consciousness are studied.

7. Cont…. 12 . Psychophysics Psychology: Under this branch of psychology, quantitative relationships are studied between sensations, mental processes, and physical stimuli. 13 . Analytical Psychology: A branch of psychology, in which the human brain is studied by various methods, such as illustration method, inspection method, experimental method, ete . 14 . General Psychology: Under this branch of psychology, normal behaviour ofhuman beings is studied. It Studie general principles of personality, intelligence, learning, remembrance, reasoning, contemplation, gatherings, motivations etc . 15 . Abnormal Psychology: It is a branch of psychology which studies human normal behaviour as well as its abnormal behaviour . Under this branch, the cause of man's abnormal behaviour are identified and are made to analyse to eliminate the cause. 16 . Medical Psychology: Medical Psychology is also an important branch of psychology. Under this, different types of behaviours of human beings influenced by the different organs of their body, such as in the acute movement phase, change in the person's Physical parameters such as blood pressure.

8. Cont…. 17 . Development Psychology: This is also a branch of psychology. Under this, comparative study of development sequence of different persons is done and their differences and causes of those differences are identified. 18 . Criminal Psychology: Criminal Psychology is also an important branch of psychology. Psychological studies are conducted on Criminals. Criminal psychology is based on special rules of behaviour and mental pro cesses .

9. METHOD OF PSYCHOLOGY Psychology is termed as the scientific study of human behaviour . Special tools and procedures help us in gathering and organizing its subject matter or the essential facts about behaviour . 1 . Introspection / Self-Observation Method This is one of the oldest methods of psychology. Introspection means ´to look within'. This is also known as selfobservation method. It is not possible to understand the feelings and experiences of other persons. Merits Introspection is the fundamental method of psychology. Observation and experimentation are based upon introspection. It enables us to fully understand the behaviour of an individual. Demerits This method is not applicable for children or animals or mentally retarded people, because they cannot introspect. It is a purely private affair and cannot be verified by other observers.

10. Cont…. 2 . Observational Method Observation is the objective method of studying the behaviour of individuals. In this method the observer observes and collects the data. Example, in the hospital the nurse makes an observation of patient's temperature, pulse, blood pressure, facial expressions, restlessness, etc. to understand clinical condition of the patient. Merits It is economical, natural, as well as flexible. The results can be verified and relied. Demerits It lacks repeatability, as each natural situation can occur only once. Not being able to establish a proper cause and effect relationship.

11. Cont…. 3 . Experimental Method Experimental method is considered as the most scientific and objective method of studying behaviour . The word experiment comes from a Latin word meaning 'to try', (put to test. In psychology, experimental study is used to study the cause-and-effect relationship regarding the nature of human behaviour , i.e., the effect of anxiety on the human behaviour . Merits Scientific method. Finds out cause and effect relationship. Maximum control of phenomena. Demerits All problems of psychology cannot be studied by this method, as we cannot perform experiments for all the problems.

12. Cont…. 4 . Clinical or Case History Method This method is used by clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, psychiatric social workers in child guidance clinics or mental hygiene clinics and the allied institutions. It aims at studying the cause and basis of people's anxieties, fears, and personal maladjustments. A great deal of relevant data is collected by using case histories, interviews, home visits and psychological tests to draw valid inferences about the nature of the individual's difficulties and problems, the probable origin and course of development. Merits Case histories will give the clinician an insight into the causes of the problem and suggest possible solutions. Demerits The case history method depends largely on memory of incidents, which may have been observed inaccurately or over interpreted

13. Cont…. 5 . Survey Method All problems in psychology cannot be studied by the experimental and other methods. Some problems like study of opinions, attitudes, health care needs, etc. can be studied by means of survey method. This is commonly employed in social psychology. Merits A large amount of data can be collected in a shorter time. Demerits The behaviour is not observed directly . 6 . Genetic or Developmental Method Psychologists study not only the behaviour of an individual at a particular time, but also his development from birth to death, the influence of heredity and environment in the development of the person and conditions favourable and unfavourable for normal and abnormal behaviour . Merits This is a more useful method to understand the behaviour from point of view of hereditary and environmental influences. Demerits This method requires more time and energy

14. THANK YOU