Introduction to digital libraries - definitions, examples, concepts and trends (2016 version)
OlafJanssenNL
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234 slides
Nov 24, 2013
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About This Presentation
This presentation gives an introduction to digital libraries.
It first explores different defintions of the phrase "Digital Library".
It then looks at 11 real life examples of digital library websites (slides 44-112), including Europeana, Google Books, Flickr the Commons, Delpher, Wikis...
Slide Content
Lecture for the course “The Library” at Leiden University, 3-11-2016
Olaf Janssen, National Library of the Netherlands
[email protected] - @ookgezellig - slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
Introduction to digital libraries
Definitions, examples, concepts and trends
Olaf Janssen, National Library of the Netherlands
[email protected] - @ookgezellig - slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
Introduction to digital libraries
Definitions, examples, concepts and trends
Lecture for the course “The Library” at Leiden University, 3-11-2016
Olaf Janssen, National Library of the Netherlands
[email protected] - @ookgezellig - slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
Introduction to digital libraries
Definitions, examples, concepts and trends
± 45 min ± 45 min
Olaf Janssen, National Library of the Netherlands
[email protected] - @ookgezellig - slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
Introduction to digital libraries
Definitions, examples, concepts and trends
± 45 min ± 45 min
Hi,
I’m Olaf Janssen
I’m the Wikipedia (& open data) Coordinator
of the KB
Wikimedia coordinator???
I initiate and coordinate collaboration between
the (staff, collections, data, knowledge, networks of the) KB
and
Wikimedia projects (such as Wikipedia)
[email protected]
@ookgezellig
slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Koninklijke_Bibliotheek_en_Nationaal_Archief
I’m Olaf Janssen
I’m the Wikipedia (& open data) Coordinator
of the KB
Wikimedia coordinator???
I initiate and coordinate collaboration between
the (staff, collections, data, knowledge, networks of the) KB
and
Wikimedia projects (such as Wikipedia)
[email protected]
@ookgezellig
slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Koninklijke_Bibliotheek_en_Nationaal_Archief
My presentation philosophy
This slidedeck is optimised
for
slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
for
slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL
What I hope you’ll get out of this lecture
1.Basic understanding of what a digital library is
2.Understanding of some basic concepts and trends
over time in digital libraries
3.Understanding how these trends relate to “2.0”
1.Basic understanding of what a digital library is
2.Understanding of some basic concepts and trends
over time in digital libraries
3.Understanding how these trends relate to “2.0”
How does my talk fit in the overall course?
In my talk:
digital
In my talk:
front-end/UX of
digital libraries
In my talk:
Online/web
At the end of
my talk
In my talk:
Online/web
In my talk:
digital
In my talk:
front-end/UX of
digital libraries
In my talk:
Online/web
At the end of
my talk
In my talk:
Online/web
Alright,
let’s go!
let’s go!
I’ll start with
a bit of
history
a bit of
history
http://www.iupui.edu/~g115/assets/mod03/earth_history.jpg
http://www.iupui.edu/~g115/assets/mod03/earth_history.jpg
Not all of history,
only
human history
Not all of history,
only
human history
http://www.mitchellteachers.net/WorldHistory/templates/images/earlyhumans/humanancestorsmainpic.jpg
http://www.mitchellteachers.net/WorldHistory/templates/images/earlyhumans/humanancestorsmainpic.jpg
Not all of human
history, only
internet history
Not all of human
history, only
internet history
http://joaobordalo.com/files/topInternetHistory.png
Not all of internet
history, only
history of
websites
Not all of internet
history, only
history of
websites
http://joaobordalo.com/files/topInternetHistory.png
Not all of internet
history, only
history of the web
Not all of internet
history, only
history of the web
http://www.everyjoe.com/2007/09/05/technology/pc -magazines-top-
100-classic-web-sites/
http://www.everyjoe.com/2007/09/05/technology/pc -magazines-top-100-classic-web-sites/chunk.id=ss1-5-6
100-classic-web-sites/
http://www.everyjoe.com/2007/09/05/technology/pc -magazines-top-100-classic-web-sites/chunk.id=ss1-5-6
Context
Historic development of the web : Rise of Web2.0
Historic development of the web : Rise of Web2.0
You read this article in preparation
http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
Web2.0 key concepts
Tim O’Reilly (2005)
What is Web 2.0: Design Patterns
and Business Models for the Next Generation of
Software
http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
Web2.0 key concepts
Tim O’Reilly (2005)
What is Web 2.0: Design Patterns
and Business Models for the Next Generation of
Software
1. The long tail
2. Data is the next Intel Inside
3. Users add value
4. Network effects by default
5. Some rights reserved
6. The perpetual beta
7. Software above the level of a single device
8. Cooperate, don't control
Slide taken from http://www.slideshare.net/edsonm/michael-edson-let-us-go-boldly-into-the-future
Tim O’Reilly (2005)
What is Web 2.0: Design Patterns
and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software
2. Data is the next Intel Inside
3. Users add value
4. Network effects by default
5. Some rights reserved
6. The perpetual beta
7. Software above the level of a single device
8. Cooperate, don't control
Slide taken from http://www.slideshare.net/edsonm/michael-edson-let-us-go-boldly-into-the-future
Tim O’Reilly (2005)
What is Web 2.0: Design Patterns
and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0
Not history of all the web,
only the web in library
context
digital libraries (DLs)
only the web in library
context
digital libraries (DLs)
First things first
What is a
digital library
What is a
digital library
(there is no unique definition..)
but let’s
give it a shot…
give it a shot…
-aa
-aa
“a library in which collections are stored in
electronic media formats […] and accessible via
computers.
The electronic content may be stored locally, or
accessed remotely via computer networks.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_library
“a library in which collections are stored in
electronic media formats […] and accessible via
computers.
The electronic content may be stored locally, or
accessed remotely via computer networks.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_library
“[..] at Stanford University, some discussion was held as to
what did we mean by the term "digital library“”. [..]
it would be valuable [..] to document a common
understanding of the term, but agreed that […] we could
not and would not aim for a general consensus.
http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html
what did we mean by the term "digital library“”. [..]
it would be valuable [..] to document a common
understanding of the term, but agreed that […] we could
not and would not aim for a general consensus.
http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html
“[..] at Stanford University, some discussion was held as to
what did we mean by the term "digital library“”. [..]
it would be valuable [..] to document a common
understanding of the term, but agreed that […] we could
not and would not aim for a general consensus.
http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html
The term "Digital Library" has a variety of potential
meanings,
ranging from a digitized collection of material that
one might find in a traditional library
through to the collection of all digital information along
with the services that make that information
useful to all possible users.
what did we mean by the term "digital library“”. [..]
it would be valuable [..] to document a common
understanding of the term, but agreed that […] we could
not and would not aim for a general consensus.
http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html
The term "Digital Library" has a variety of potential
meanings,
ranging from a digitized collection of material that
one might find in a traditional library
through to the collection of all digital information along
with the services that make that information
useful to all possible users.
“[..] at Stanford University, some discussion was held as to
what did we mean by the term "digital library“”. [..]
it would be valuable [..] to document a common
understanding of the term, but agreed that […] we could
not and would not aim for a general consensus.
http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html
The term "Digital Library" has a variety of potential
meanings,
ranging from a digitized collection of material that
one might find in a traditional library
through to the collection of all digital information along
with the services that make that information
useful to all possible users.
[..] the following definition was proposed: The Digital
Library is:
–The collection of services
–And the collection of information objects
–That support users in dealing with information objects
–And the organization and presentation of those
objects
–Accessable directly or indirectly via electronic/digital
means
what did we mean by the term "digital library“”. [..]
it would be valuable [..] to document a common
understanding of the term, but agreed that […] we could
not and would not aim for a general consensus.
http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html
The term "Digital Library" has a variety of potential
meanings,
ranging from a digitized collection of material that
one might find in a traditional library
through to the collection of all digital information along
with the services that make that information
useful to all possible users.
[..] the following definition was proposed: The Digital
Library is:
–The collection of services
–And the collection of information objects
–That support users in dealing with information objects
–And the organization and presentation of those
objects
–Accessable directly or indirectly via electronic/digital
means
The Digital Library Reference Model (2011)
(273 pages!)
(273 pages!)
“…a potentially virtual organisation, that comprehensively collects,
manages and preserves for the long depth of time rich digital
content, and offers to its targeted user communities [..] according to
comprehensive codified policies."
Source: The Digital Library Reference Model
manages and preserves for the long depth of time rich digital
content, and offers to its targeted user communities [..] according to
comprehensive codified policies."
Source: The Digital Library Reference Model
-aa
-aa
-aa
“Digital libraries are organised collections of digital
content made available to the public.“
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=URISERV:l24226i
“Digital libraries are organised collections of digital
content made available to the public.“
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=URISERV:l24226i
And there are many
more definitions…*
* Such as https://www.ischool.utexas.edu/~i385d/readings/Borgman-1999-What_Are_Digital_Libraries.pdf
more definitions…*
* Such as https://www.ischool.utexas.edu/~i385d/readings/Borgman-1999-What_Are_Digital_Libraries.pdf
Let’s summarize the
red key phrases
we’ve just seen...
red key phrases
we’ve just seen...
too
textual,
vague,
abstract
Is
?
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
textual,
vague,
abstract
Is
?
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
too
textual,
vague,
abstract
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
Is
?
E-lev-en?!!??
Yes, sorry…. I really need some critical mass here,
each example will become a ‘datapoint’ for making
some trend plots later on
(I will them brief, you can study them in more detail later…)
textual,
vague,
abstract
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
Is
?
E-lev-en?!!??
Yes, sorry…. I really need some critical mass here,
each example will become a ‘datapoint’ for making
some trend plots later on
(I will them brief, you can study them in more detail later…)
too
textual,
vague,
abstract
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
Is
?
E-lev-en?!!??
Yes, sorry…. I really need some critical mass here,
each example will become a ‘datapoint’ for making
some trend plots later on
(I will them brief, you can study them in more detail later…)
textual,
vague,
abstract
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
Is
?
E-lev-en?!!??
Yes, sorry…. I really need some critical mass here,
each example will become a ‘datapoint’ for making
some trend plots later on
(I will them brief, you can study them in more detail later…)
too
textual,
vague,
abstract
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
Is
?
E-lev-en?!!??
Yes, sorry…. I really need some critical mass here,
each example will become a ‘datapoint’ for making
some trend plots later on
(I’ll keep them brief, you can study them in more detail later…)
textual,
vague,
abstract
No worries, let’s look at
11 real life examples of digital libraries
to improve our understanding
Is
?
E-lev-en?!!??
Yes, sorry…. I really need some critical mass here,
each example will become a ‘datapoint’ for making
some trend plots later on
(I’ll keep them brief, you can study them in more detail later…)
4 cultural heritage domains
1. Library: publications
Books, magazines, newspapers
1. Library: publications
Books, magazines, newspapers
4 cultural heritage domains
2. Archive: primary documents
(unique & unpublished)
Public records, government docs,
legal administrations
4. Audio-visual: recordings
Films, audio, TV, radio, speeches,
plays
1. Library: publications
Books, magazines, newspapers
3. Museum: artefacts
Paintings, drawings, sculpture,
instruments, flora, fauna
2. Archive: primary documents
(unique & unpublished)
Public records, government docs,
legal administrations
4. Audio-visual: recordings
Films, audio, TV, radio, speeches,
plays
1. Library: publications
Books, magazines, newspapers
3. Museum: artefacts
Paintings, drawings, sculpture,
instruments, flora, fauna
4 cultural heritage domains
3. Museum: artefacts
Paintings, drawings, sculpture,
instruments, flora, fauna
2. Archive: primary documents
(unique & unpublished)
Public records, government docs,
legal administrations
4. Audio-visual: recordings
Films, audio, TV, radio, speeches,
plays
1. Library: publications
Books, magazines, newspapers
GLAMs
Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums
=
cultural heritage sector
3. Museum: artefacts
Paintings, drawings, sculpture,
instruments, flora, fauna
2. Archive: primary documents
(unique & unpublished)
Public records, government docs,
legal administrations
4. Audio-visual: recordings
Films, audio, TV, radio, speeches,
plays
1. Library: publications
Books, magazines, newspapers
GLAMs
Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums
=
cultural heritage sector
I’m going to score each of the 11 DL-examples
on 5 criteria
1.Content/UX: What’s in it? (metadata, full-text, visuals, audio etc.)
2.Content domain: Library, archive, museum, AV ?
3.Run by: Public, private, community-run ?
4.Content partners: Which type of partners are providing content?
5.User involvement: To which extent is the public involved in
building the DL?
on 5 criteria
1.Content/UX: What’s in it? (metadata, full-text, visuals, audio etc.)
2.Content domain: Library, archive, museum, AV ?
3.Run by: Public, private, community-run ?
4.Content partners: Which type of partners are providing content?
5.User involvement: To which extent is the public involved in
building the DL?
1. KB Catalogue
opc4.kb.nl
opc4.kb.nl
•Focus on raw metadata
•No full-texts
•No visuals
•No full-texts
•No visuals
1. KB Catalogue
opc4.kb.nl
Web version of old card catalogue
•Content/UX: Raw metadata (no full-texts, no visuals)
•Content domain: library (books, newspapers, magazines)
•Run by: commercial company (OCLC, USA)
•Content partners: Institutional (KB)
•User involvement: none; 1-directional institutional
broadcasting; “See what KB has” (Web1.0)
opc4.kb.nl
Web version of old card catalogue
•Content/UX: Raw metadata (no full-texts, no visuals)
•Content domain: library (books, newspapers, magazines)
•Run by: commercial company (OCLC, USA)
•Content partners: Institutional (KB)
•User involvement: none; 1-directional institutional
broadcasting; “See what KB has” (Web1.0)
2. LibraryThing
Librarything.com
Librarything.com
•Focus on metadata, with user ratings & tags
•No full-texts
•Tiny visuals (book covers from Amazon)
Rating & tags
•No full-texts
•Tiny visuals (book covers from Amazon)
Rating & tags
Members add metadata
(110M books so far)
(110M books so far)
Members add book reviews
(2.9M so far)
(2.9M so far)
2. LibraryThing
Librarything.com Social Web2.0 library catalogue
•Content/UX: Raw metadata-oriented (no full-texts, poor
visuals)
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: commercial company (40% Amazon)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute & share your
metadata, ratings, tags, covers, reviews” (Web2.0)
Librarything.com Social Web2.0 library catalogue
•Content/UX: Raw metadata-oriented (no full-texts, poor
visuals)
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: commercial company (40% Amazon)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute & share your
metadata, ratings, tags, covers, reviews” (Web2.0)
2. LibraryThing
Librarything.com Social Web2.0 library catalogue
•Content/UX: Raw metadata-oriented (no full-texts, poor
visuals)
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: commercial company (40% Amazon)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute & share your
metadata, ratings, tags, covers, reviews” (Web2.0)
Further reading
•http://carl-acrl.org/ig/carlitn/9.07.2007/LTFL.pdf
•http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2534&context=atg
•http://www.librarything.com/zeitgeist
Librarything.com Social Web2.0 library catalogue
•Content/UX: Raw metadata-oriented (no full-texts, poor
visuals)
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: commercial company (40% Amazon)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute & share your
metadata, ratings, tags, covers, reviews” (Web2.0)
Further reading
•http://carl-acrl.org/ig/carlitn/9.07.2007/LTFL.pdf
•http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2534&context=atg
•http://www.librarything.com/zeitgeist
3. Delpher
Delpher.nl
Delpher.nl
Focus on visuals (scans),
not metadata
not metadata
Focus on OCR (and scan),
not metadata
not metadata
Metadata for
advanced search
advanced search
The OCR of a
newspaper article
Metadata for
result filtering
newspaper article
Metadata for
result filtering
Joint effort
Multiple institutional content partners
http://www.delpher.nl/nl/platform/pages/helpitems?nid=382
Multiple institutional content partners
http://www.delpher.nl/nl/platform/pages/helpitems?nid=382
The OCR of a
newspaper article
Full-text historic Dutch publications
•Content/UX: Full-text: scans & OCR, with metadata-
based searching & filtering
•Content domain: library (publications)
•Run by: non-commercial institution (KB)
•Content partners: Institutional (libraries, archives,
newspaper publishers etc.)
•User involvement: none; “See what full-text publications
we have” (Web1.0)
Further reading (historic newspapers only, precursor of Delpher)
•http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january08/klijn/01klijn.html
•www.ifla.org/files/assets/newspapers/documents/newsletter-no19.pdf (p7)
newspaper article
Full-text historic Dutch publications
•Content/UX: Full-text: scans & OCR, with metadata-
based searching & filtering
•Content domain: library (publications)
•Run by: non-commercial institution (KB)
•Content partners: Institutional (libraries, archives,
newspaper publishers etc.)
•User involvement: none; “See what full-text publications
we have” (Web1.0)
Further reading (historic newspapers only, precursor of Delpher)
•http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january08/klijn/01klijn.html
•www.ifla.org/files/assets/newspapers/documents/newsletter-no19.pdf (p7)
4. Digital Library for Dutch Literature
dbnl.org
dbnl.org
Focus on full-text…
Downloads
•PDF
•OCR
•Scans
•ePub
•OCR
•Scans
•ePub
… with metadata for
searching & filtering
searching & filtering
4. Digital Library for Dutch Literature
dbnl.org Full-text Dutch literature database
•Content/UX: Full-text: OCR, PDF, scans, ePub
with metadata for search
•Content domain: library (literature, publications)
•Run by: non-commercial institution (KB, since 2015)
•Content partners: none (own collection)
•User involvement: none; “See what we DBNL have”
(Web1.0)
Further reading
•van Stipriaan, Rene. "Future proofing Dutch literature-Rene van Stipriaan
answers questions about the Digital Library for Dutch Literature, how it was
started and why users like it." Research Information 41 (2009): 13.
dbnl.org Full-text Dutch literature database
•Content/UX: Full-text: OCR, PDF, scans, ePub
with metadata for search
•Content domain: library (literature, publications)
•Run by: non-commercial institution (KB, since 2015)
•Content partners: none (own collection)
•User involvement: none; “See what we DBNL have”
(Web1.0)
Further reading
•van Stipriaan, Rene. "Future proofing Dutch literature-Rene van Stipriaan
answers questions about the Digital Library for Dutch Literature, how it was
started and why users like it." Research Information 41 (2009): 13.
5. Google Books
books.google.com
books.google.com
Focus on full-text
Joint effort
1. Many big libraries (incl.
KB) as content partners
1. Many big libraries (incl.
KB) as content partners
Joint effort
2. Partner Program:
authors & publishers
2. Partner Program:
authors & publishers
5. Google Books
books.google.com
’The world's most comprehensive index
of full-text books’
•Content/UX: Full-texts: e-books & e-magazines
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: commercial company (Google)
•Content partners:
* Many institutional - big libraries worldwide
(eg. KB, Oxford, Stanford, Harvard), and publishers
* Individual authors
•User involvement: weak, users can contribute book reviews
(“Web1.1”)
Further reading
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Books_Library_Project
•http://liber.library.uu.nl/index.php/lq/article/download/URN%3ANBN%3ANL%3AUI%3A10
-1-113624/8371
•http://newsbreaks.infotoday.com/nbreader.asp?ArticleID=16307
books.google.com
’The world's most comprehensive index
of full-text books’
•Content/UX: Full-texts: e-books & e-magazines
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: commercial company (Google)
•Content partners:
* Many institutional - big libraries worldwide
(eg. KB, Oxford, Stanford, Harvard), and publishers
* Individual authors
•User involvement: weak, users can contribute book reviews
(“Web1.1”)
Further reading
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Books_Library_Project
•http://liber.library.uu.nl/index.php/lq/article/download/URN%3ANBN%3ANL%3AUI%3A10
-1-113624/8371
•http://newsbreaks.infotoday.com/nbreader.asp?ArticleID=16307
6. Project Gutenberg
gutenberg.org
Over 53,000 free ebooks
gutenberg.org
Over 53,000 free ebooks
Focus on full-text
(ebooks)
(ebooks)
self.gutenberg.org
Free public domain e-books
•Content/UX: Full-text e-books
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: not-for-profit company (foundation, PGLAF)
•Content partners: Institutional (publishers)
•User involvement: some; users can contribute own books
(self.gutenberg.org) (“Web1.5”)
Further reading
•http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Gutenberg:About
•Marie Lebert, Project Gutenberg (1971-2008) - gutenberg.org/ebooks/27045
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Gutenberg
•Content/UX: Full-text e-books
•Content domain: library (books)
•Run by: not-for-profit company (foundation, PGLAF)
•Content partners: Institutional (publishers)
•User involvement: some; users can contribute own books
(self.gutenberg.org) (“Web1.5”)
Further reading
•http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Gutenberg:About
•Marie Lebert, Project Gutenberg (1971-2008) - gutenberg.org/ebooks/27045
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Gutenberg
7. Wikisource
wikisource.org
wikisource.org
Sister project of Wikipedia
Focus on full-text
Content maintained by community of
2.8M people
2.8M people
Access ’90s – websites are T.F.O.’s
7. Wikisource
wikisource.org
Social open full-text library & archive
•Content/UX: Rights-free full-texts (novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches,
constitutional and historical documents, laws etc.)
•Content domains: library & archive
•Run by: User-community, supported by not-for-profit organisation
(Wikimedia Foundation)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute, improve, share & re-
use texts” (Web2.0)
7. Wikisource
wikisource.org
Social open full-text library & archive
•Content/UX: Rights-free full-texts (novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches,
constitutional and historical documents, laws etc.)
•Content domains: library & archive
•Run by: User-community, supported by not-for-profit organisation
(Wikimedia Foundation)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute, improve, share & re-
use texts” (Web2.0)
Access ’90s – websites are T.F.O.’s
7. Wikisource
wikisource.org
Social open full-text library & archive
•Content/UX: Rights-free full-texts (novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches,
constitutional and historical documents, laws etc.)
•Content domains: library & archive
•Run by: User-community, supported by not-for-profit organisation
(Wikimedia Foundation)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute, improve, share & re-
use texts” (Web2.0)
Further reading
•https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Community_portal
7. Wikisource
wikisource.org
Social open full-text library & archive
•Content/UX: Rights-free full-texts (novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches,
constitutional and historical documents, laws etc.)
•Content domains: library & archive
•Run by: User-community, supported by not-for-profit organisation
(Wikimedia Foundation)
•Content partners: user community (Web2.0)
•User involvement: very strong: “Contribute, improve, share & re-
use texts” (Web2.0)
Further reading
•https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Community_portal
8.Memory of the Netherlands
Geheugenvannederland.nl
Geheugenvannederland.nl
22 results for ‘dansles’
Focus on non-hi-res image,
but metadata still manifest
“visual catalogue”
but metadata still manifest
“visual catalogue”
Joint effort
•Hosted by KB
•84 content partners (GLAMs)
•Hosted by KB
•84 content partners (GLAMs)
Memory of the
Netherlands
7.Memory of the Netherlands
Geheugenvannederland.nl
8.Memory of the Netherlands
Geheugenvannederland.nl
Dutch cultural heritage media database
•Content/UX: “Visual catalogue” : low/mid-res images, sounds,
videos, with manifest metadata
•Content domains: museum, archive, library, AV
•Run by: non-commercial institution (KB)
•Content partners: Institutional - 84 Dutch GLAMs
•User involvement: none; “See what we GLAMs have” (Web1.0)
Further reading
•http://www.archimuse.com/publishing/ichim03/073C.pdf
Netherlands
7.Memory of the Netherlands
Geheugenvannederland.nl
8.Memory of the Netherlands
Geheugenvannederland.nl
Dutch cultural heritage media database
•Content/UX: “Visual catalogue” : low/mid-res images, sounds,
videos, with manifest metadata
•Content domains: museum, archive, library, AV
•Run by: non-commercial institution (KB)
•Content partners: Institutional - 84 Dutch GLAMs
•User involvement: none; “See what we GLAMs have” (Web1.0)
Further reading
•http://www.archimuse.com/publishing/ichim03/073C.pdf
9. Europeana Collections
europeana.eu
europeana.eu
1,477 results for ‘Einstein’
Metadata with low/mid-res
image
“visual catalogue”
image
“visual catalogue”
Joint effort
1,000s content providers
(GLAMs) from Europe
http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en/explore/sources.html
1,000s content providers
(GLAMs) from Europe
http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en/explore/sources.html
9. Europeana
europeana.eu European cultural heritage aggregator
•Content/UX: “Visual catalogue”: metadata + low/mid-res
images (sounds, videos, texts)
•Content domains: museum, archive, library, AV
•Run by: non-commercial organisation (Europeana Foundation)
•Content partners: Institutional – 1,000s of European GLAMs
•User involvement: none; “See what we have” (Web1.0)
Further reading
•pro.europeana.eu
•https://liber.library.uu.nl/index.php/lq/article/download/URN%3ANBN%3ANL%3AUI
%3A10-1-113558/8239 (background reading from 2009)
europeana.eu European cultural heritage aggregator
•Content/UX: “Visual catalogue”: metadata + low/mid-res
images (sounds, videos, texts)
•Content domains: museum, archive, library, AV
•Run by: non-commercial organisation (Europeana Foundation)
•Content partners: Institutional – 1,000s of European GLAMs
•User involvement: none; “See what we have” (Web1.0)
Further reading
•pro.europeana.eu
•https://liber.library.uu.nl/index.php/lq/article/download/URN%3ANBN%3ANL%3AUI
%3A10-1-113558/8239 (background reading from 2009)
10. Flickr The Commons
flickr.com/commons
flickr.com/commons
Joint effort
10s content providers
worldwide
10s content providers
worldwide
Random images
Focus on visual,
page doesn’t feel “metadata-y”
Source of image
page doesn’t feel “metadata-y”
Source of image
Web2.0
“Wisdom of the crowd”
Crowd-curation
Folksonomy
“Wisdom of the crowd”
Crowd-curation
Folksonomy
10. Flickr The Commons
flickr.com/commons
Web2.0
“Wisdom of the crowd”
Crowd-curation
Folksonomy
Crowd-curated open photo archive
•Content/UX: Rights-free rich visuals: mid/hi-res images,
metadata secondary
•Content domain: library, archive, museum
•Run by: commercial company (Yahoo)
•Content partners: Institutional - 10s GLAMs worldwide
•User involvement: some; users can contribute comments, tags
etc., but no photos (“Web1.5”)
Further reading
•http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/flickr_report_final.pdf
•http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/19/technology/internet/19link.html?_r=1&partner=permalink
&exprod=permalink
•Vaughan, J. (2010). Insights into the Commons on Flickr. portal: Libraries and the Academy,
10(2), 185-214. http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/lib_articles/123 + PDF
flickr.com/commons
Web2.0
“Wisdom of the crowd”
Crowd-curation
Folksonomy
Crowd-curated open photo archive
•Content/UX: Rights-free rich visuals: mid/hi-res images,
metadata secondary
•Content domain: library, archive, museum
•Run by: commercial company (Yahoo)
•Content partners: Institutional - 10s GLAMs worldwide
•User involvement: some; users can contribute comments, tags
etc., but no photos (“Web1.5”)
Further reading
•http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/flickr_report_final.pdf
•http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/19/technology/internet/19link.html?_r=1&partner=permalink
&exprod=permalink
•Vaughan, J. (2010). Insights into the Commons on Flickr. portal: Libraries and the Academy,
10(2), 185-214. http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/lib_articles/123 + PDF
11. Rijksmuseum
rijksmuseum.nl
573,000 rights-free
ultra hi-res images
rijksmuseum.nl
573,000 rights-free
ultra hi-res images
Focus on hi-res images
Metadata “almost invisible”
Metadata “almost invisible”
573,000 rights free
images re-usable for
everbody, everywhere
images re-usable for
everbody, everywhere
Rijksstudio
Pinterest meets RM-
collection
11.a Rijksstudio
rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio
Pinterest meets RM-
collection
11.a Rijksstudio
rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio
Dolls houses
Crowd-curation
discovering cross-collection
themes
discovering cross-collection
themes
RM created and user created Rijksstudios
are treated equal
are treated equal
Crowd-curation:
discovering cross-
collection themes
11. Rijksstudio
rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio Free hi-res artworks photo database
•Content/UX: Rights-free ultra hi-res images,
metadata “under the hood”
•Content domain: museum
•Run by: non-commercial institution (Rijksmuseum)
•Content partners: none, own RM collection
•User involvement: some, via Rijksstudio: users can create
Pinterest-like boards, incl. user-curation (“Web1.5”)
Further reading
•http://mw2013.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/rijksstudio-make-your-own-
masterpiece/
discovering cross-
collection themes
11. Rijksstudio
rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio Free hi-res artworks photo database
•Content/UX: Rights-free ultra hi-res images,
metadata “under the hood”
•Content domain: museum
•Run by: non-commercial institution (Rijksmuseum)
•Content partners: none, own RM collection
•User involvement: some, via Rijksstudio: users can create
Pinterest-like boards, incl. user-curation (“Web1.5”)
Further reading
•http://mw2013.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/rijksstudio-make-your-own-
masterpiece/
OK, so far for the 11 DL-examples….
I did not choose them randomly…
Let’s use their properties as input
for some plots…
I did not choose them randomly…
Let’s use their properties as input
for some plots…
BREAK
1.Content/Presentation/UX
What does the DL look & feel like?
What does the DL look & feel like?
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
1.Content/Presentation/UX
What does the DL look & feel like?
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
1.Content/Presentation/UX
What does the DL look & feel like?
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
1.Content/Presentation/UX
What does the DL look & feel like?
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
1.Content/Presentation/UX
What does the DL look & feel like?
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
1.Content/Presentation/UX
What does the DL look & feel like?
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
1.Content/Presentation/UX
What does the DL look & feel like?
KB Catalogue
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Flickr The Commons
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Flickr The Commons
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Flickr
The Commons
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Flickr
The Commons
Flickr
The Commons
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum/studio
The Commons
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum/studio
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
KB Catalogue
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
KB Catalogue
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
KB Catalogue
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
Delpher
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
Delpher
KB Catalogue
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Google books
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Delpher
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Rijksmuseum
/studio
“Dressed up
catalogues”
Mix of metadata
and visual
“all about
full-texts”
Metadata-oriented
Classic catalogues
No images
Raw metadata in your face
Google books
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
Visually oriented
(hi-res) Images in your face
Metadata “under the hood”
Flickr
The Commons
Delpher
2. Domain of content
Which CH-domain(s) contribute to the DL?
Which CH-domain(s) contribute to the DL?
2. Domain of content
Which CH-domain(s) contribute to the DL?
Archives
documents
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Which CH-domain(s) contribute to the DL?
Archives
documents
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
2. Domain of content
Which CH-domain(s) contribute to the DL?
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Which CH-domain(s) contribute to the DL?
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
KB Catalogue
LibraryThing
Google books
Digital
Library for
Dutch
Literature
Project
Gutenberg
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Delpher
LibraryThing
Google books
Digital
Library for
Dutch
Literature
Project
Gutenberg
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Delpher
KB Catalogue
LibraryThing
Google books
Digital
Library for
Dutch
Literature
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Delpher
LibraryThing
Google books
Digital
Library for
Dutch
Literature
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Delpher
KB Catalogue
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Flickr
The Commons
Google books
Digital
Library for
Dutch
Literature
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Delpher
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Flickr
The Commons
Google books
Digital
Library for
Dutch
Literature
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
Libraries
publications
Museums
artefacts
Archives
documents
Cross-domain
Content from libraries,
museums and archives
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Delpher
3. Geo scope
What’s the geographical scope of the DL content?
What’s the geographical scope of the DL content?
International National
Dutch
3. Geo scope
What’s the geographical scope of the DL content?
Continental
European
Local/regional
Dutch
3. Geo scope
What’s the geographical scope of the DL content?
Continental
European
Local/regional
Memory of the
Netherlands
Rijksstudio
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
International Local/regional National
Dutch
Continental
European
Delpher
Netherlands
Rijksstudio
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
International Local/regional National
Dutch
Continental
European
Delpher
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Rijksstudio
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
International Local/regional National
Dutch
Continental
European
Delpher
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Rijksstudio
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
International Local/regional National
Dutch
Continental
European
Delpher
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Flickr
The Commons
Google books
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
International Local/regional National
Dutch
Continental
European
Memory of the
Netherlands
Rijksstudio
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Delpher
Europeana
Collections
Flickr
The Commons
Google books
Project
Gutenberg
Wikisource
International Local/regional National
Dutch
Continental
European
Memory of the
Netherlands
Rijksstudio
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Delpher
4. Collaboration between
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
4. Collaboration between
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
4. Collaboration between
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
4. Collaboration between
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
4. Collaboration between
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
4. Collaboration between
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Web2.0: “Users add value”
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
4. Collaboration between
content partners
Who provides content & value for our DL?
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Web2.0: “Users add value”
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
KB Catalogue Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Delpher
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Delpher
KB Catalogue
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Wikisource
Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Delpher
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Wikisource
Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Delpher
KB Catalogue
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Wikisource
Flickr
The Commons
Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Project Gutenberg
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Google books
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Delpher
LibraryThing
Europeana
Collections
Memory of the
Netherlands
Wikisource
Flickr
The Commons
Rijksmuseum
/studio
User content
“We are nothing without
contributions from our users”
Institutional content
“We do it ourself, we
show off our own content”
(no partner content,
no user generated content)
Project Gutenberg
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Google books
Partner content
“We add value by collaboration,
we need & show content from
our institutional partners”
Delpher
5. Control
Who decides how the DL develops?
Who decides how the DL develops?
Institution(s)
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
5. Control
Who decides how the DL develops?
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Web2.0: “Radical trust”
Users can contribute, we trust them,
but institution/company keeps control
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
5. Control
Who decides how the DL develops?
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Web2.0: “Radical trust”
Users can contribute, we trust them,
but institution/company keeps control
Users can contribute, we trust them,
but institution/company keeps control
KB Catalogue
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Memory of the
Netherlands
Delpher
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Institution(s)
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
but institution/company keeps control
KB Catalogue
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Memory of the
Netherlands
Delpher
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Institution(s)
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
Users can contribute, we trust them,
but institution/company keeps control
KB Catalogue
Wikisource
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Memory of the
Netherlands
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Institution(s)
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
Delpher
but institution/company keeps control
KB Catalogue
Wikisource
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Memory of the
Netherlands
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Institution(s)
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
Delpher
Users can contribute, we trust them,
but institution/company keeps control
KB Catalogue
Wikisource
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Memory of the
Netherlands
Flickr
The Commons
LibraryThing
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Institution(s)
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
Project Gutenberg
Google books
Delpher
but institution/company keeps control
KB Catalogue
Wikisource
Europeana
Collections
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Memory of the
Netherlands
Flickr
The Commons
LibraryThing
User-controlled
The community is in control,
no need for institutions
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Institution(s)
in control
and (very) nervous about
user contributions
Project Gutenberg
Google books
Delpher
6. Openness
Can users retain, reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?
Can users retain, reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?
Web2.0:
“Some rights reserved”
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
6. Openness
Can users retain, reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?
“Some rights reserved”
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
6. Openness
Can users retain, reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?
Web2.0:
“Some rights reserved”
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Further reading
•“The 5 Rs” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_content
•Creative Commons: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license
•Open culture - http://www.ciac.ca/en/open-culture-definition-en
6. Openness
Can users retain, reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?
“Some rights reserved”
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Further reading
•“The 5 Rs” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_content
•Creative Commons: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license
•Open culture - http://www.ciac.ca/en/open-culture-definition-en
6. Openness
Can users retain, reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?
KB Catalogue
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Flickr
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
(metadata)
Project
Gutenberg
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
The Commons
Europeana
Collections
(metadata)
Project
Gutenberg
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Flickr
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
Project
Gutenberg
KB Catalogue
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Google books
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Delpher
Europeana
Collections
(metadata)
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
Project
Gutenberg
KB Catalogue
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Google books
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Delpher
Europeana
Collections
(metadata)
Flickr
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
Wikisource
(CC-BY-SA)
Project
Gutenberg
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Google books
Delpher
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Europeana
Collections
(metadata)
The Commons
Memory of the
Netherlands
Wikisource
(CC-BY-SA)
Project
Gutenberg
KB Catalogue
Rijksmuseum
/studio
Closed ©
You can only use our
content for personal use
or non-commercial
research purposes
Fully open
You can do anything
you like with our content,
no conditions apply
Part closed,
part open
Part of content is public
domain, other part is ©
Creative Commons
You can remix and share under
certain conditions
Google books
Delpher
Digital Library for
Dutch Literature
Europeana
Collections
(metadata)
These plots represent some
trends in DL-development
Past Present
1.0 2.0
“Not” “Hot”
trends in DL-development
Past Present
1.0 2.0
“Not” “Hot”
CONCEPT PAST PRESENT
Content –
Presentation - UX
Metadata in your face
- “Raw” library catalogue
- No / low-res images
Objects in your face
- Full-texts & OCR
- Hi-res images
- Metadata “under the hood”
Collaboration
between institutions
Single institution
Institutions do it themselves, no
partners
Multiple institutions, networks
Institutions realize they stand stronger
with partners in networks
Collaboration
between domains
Single domain
Institutions collaborate within own
domain
Single & cross-domain
Institutions also collaborate outside own
domains, are aware of added value cross-
domain approach can bring
Geo-scope of DL Local
Scope is local (regional, national),
unaware of bigger world
‘Global village’
Local initiatives & services are aware of
the bigger world, and their roles within it
User contribution Institutions add content & value
- 1-directional institutional broadcasting
- Users are passive consumers
Users also add content & value
- Users are creators
- Harnassing collective intellligence,
crowd-curation, folksonomy
Control Institution(s) in control
The wishes of our users are scary and
complex, we know what’s best for them
User voice heard
Our users are our co-developers, they
give us valuable input how we should
develop our DL. P2P communication
Openness of
content
(reuse, revise, remix,
redistribute)
Closed
- You can use our content yourself, but
you can’t build upon it
- © , All rights reserved
Open
- We propagate sharing & remixing our
content, as far as legitimate rightholders
are not harmed
- Creative Commons
1.0 1.0 1.0
2.0 2.0 2.0
Content –
Presentation - UX
Metadata in your face
- “Raw” library catalogue
- No / low-res images
Objects in your face
- Full-texts & OCR
- Hi-res images
- Metadata “under the hood”
Collaboration
between institutions
Single institution
Institutions do it themselves, no
partners
Multiple institutions, networks
Institutions realize they stand stronger
with partners in networks
Collaboration
between domains
Single domain
Institutions collaborate within own
domain
Single & cross-domain
Institutions also collaborate outside own
domains, are aware of added value cross-
domain approach can bring
Geo-scope of DL Local
Scope is local (regional, national),
unaware of bigger world
‘Global village’
Local initiatives & services are aware of
the bigger world, and their roles within it
User contribution Institutions add content & value
- 1-directional institutional broadcasting
- Users are passive consumers
Users also add content & value
- Users are creators
- Harnassing collective intellligence,
crowd-curation, folksonomy
Control Institution(s) in control
The wishes of our users are scary and
complex, we know what’s best for them
User voice heard
Our users are our co-developers, they
give us valuable input how we should
develop our DL. P2P communication
Openness of
content
(reuse, revise, remix,
redistribute)
Closed
- You can use our content yourself, but
you can’t build upon it
- © , All rights reserved
Open
- We propagate sharing & remixing our
content, as far as legitimate rightholders
are not harmed
- Creative Commons
1.0 1.0 1.0
2.0 2.0 2.0
CONCEPT PAST PRESENT
Content –
Presentation - UX
Metadata in your face
- “Raw” library catalogue
- No / low-res images
Objects in your face
- Full-texts & OCR
- Hi-res images
- Metadata “under the hood”
Collaboration
between institutions
Single institution
Institutions do it themselves, no
partners
Multiple institutions, networks
Institutions realize they stand stronger
with partners in networks
Collaboration
between domains
Single domain
Institutions collaborate within own
domain
Single & cross-domain
Institutions also collaborate outside own
domains, are aware of added value cross-
domain approach can bring
Geo-scope of DL Local
Scope is local (regional, national),
unaware of bigger world
‘Global village’
Local initiatives & services are aware of
the bigger world, and their roles within it
User contribution Institutions add content & value
- 1-directional institutional broadcasting
- Users are passive consumers
Users also add content & value
- Users are creators
- Harnassing collective intellligence,
crowd-curation, folksonomy
Control Institution(s) in control
The wishes of our users are scary and
complex, we know what’s best for them
User voice heard
Our users are our co-developers, they
give us valuable input how we should
develop our DL. P2P communication
Openness of
content
(reuse, revise, remix,
redistribute)
Closed
- You can use our content yourself, but
you can’t build upon it
- © , All rights reserved
Open
- We propagate sharing & remixing our
content, as far as legitimate rightholders
are not harmed
- Creative Commons
1.0 1.0 1.0
2.0 2.0 2.0
Content –
Presentation - UX
Metadata in your face
- “Raw” library catalogue
- No / low-res images
Objects in your face
- Full-texts & OCR
- Hi-res images
- Metadata “under the hood”
Collaboration
between institutions
Single institution
Institutions do it themselves, no
partners
Multiple institutions, networks
Institutions realize they stand stronger
with partners in networks
Collaboration
between domains
Single domain
Institutions collaborate within own
domain
Single & cross-domain
Institutions also collaborate outside own
domains, are aware of added value cross-
domain approach can bring
Geo-scope of DL Local
Scope is local (regional, national),
unaware of bigger world
‘Global village’
Local initiatives & services are aware of
the bigger world, and their roles within it
User contribution Institutions add content & value
- 1-directional institutional broadcasting
- Users are passive consumers
Users also add content & value
- Users are creators
- Harnassing collective intellligence,
crowd-curation, folksonomy
Control Institution(s) in control
The wishes of our users are scary and
complex, we know what’s best for them
User voice heard
Our users are our co-developers, they
give us valuable input how we should
develop our DL. P2P communication
Openness of
content
(reuse, revise, remix,
redistribute)
Closed
- You can use our content yourself, but
you can’t build upon it
- © , All rights reserved
Open
- We propagate sharing & remixing our
content, as far as legitimate rightholders
are not harmed
- Creative Commons
1.0 1.0 1.0
2.0 2.0 2.0
OK, now we have at least
some understanding of
basic concepts and trends
in DLs…
some understanding of
basic concepts and trends
in DLs…
In terms of
we’ve just looked at…
we’ve just looked at…
Let’s now look at
3 less directly visible
ingredients of DLs
3 less directly visible
ingredients of DLs
strategy
What I’m trying to say here:
Digital libraries don’t just run by themselves.
It takes
organisation, management & strategy
to build them, keep ‘m running and make ‘m
grow….
Digital libraries don’t just run by themselves.
It takes
organisation, management & strategy
to build them, keep ‘m running and make ‘m
grow….
Let’s take a look at (only)
two trends
in these fields…
two trends
in these fields…
Trend 1. Content & brand distribution
↓ Less “Come to daddy”
↑ More “Dressing up as pandas”
↓ Less “Come to daddy”
↑ More “Dressing up as pandas”
http://communist812.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/come-to-daddy-2.jpg
Many GLAMs still expect people to visit
their little, geeky, not-so-sexy DL-sites, to there
consume their DL-content, services &
brand
Many GLAMs still expect people to visit
their little, geeky, not-so-sexy DL-sites, to there
consume their DL-content, services &
brand
http://communist812.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/come-to-daddy-2.jpg
Many GLAMs still expect people to visit
their little, geeky, not-so-sexy DL-sites, to there
consume their DL-content, services &
brand
They have to make an awful lot of
noise (=institutional marketing) to
draw people into their little boutiques
On the modern web
(nearly all) DL-sites are niche market
“boutiques” with relatively local or
specialized audiences
… but honestly, often
they’re just too small
for that..
Many GLAMs still expect people to visit
their little, geeky, not-so-sexy DL-sites, to there
consume their DL-content, services &
brand
They have to make an awful lot of
noise (=institutional marketing) to
draw people into their little boutiques
On the modern web
(nearly all) DL-sites are niche market
“boutiques” with relatively local or
specialized audiences
… but honestly, often
they’re just too small
for that..
http://communist812.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/come-to-daddy-2.jpg
We (ie. GLAMs) expect people to take the
trouble to leave their trusted online
hang-outs to visit our little, geeky, not-so-sexy
DL-site, to consume our DL-content &
brand
We have to make an awful lot of noise
(=institutional marketing) to try to
make people like our little, geeky, not-so-sexy
DL-site & brand
http://www.collaboration-incontext.com/2006/12/enterprise_20_t.html
Web2.0:
“The long tail”
We (ie. GLAMs) expect people to take the
trouble to leave their trusted online
hang-outs to visit our little, geeky, not-so-sexy
DL-site, to consume our DL-content &
brand
We have to make an awful lot of noise
(=institutional marketing) to try to
make people like our little, geeky, not-so-sexy
DL-site & brand
http://www.collaboration-incontext.com/2006/12/enterprise_20_t.html
Web2.0:
“The long tail”
At the same time, GLAMs know the big,
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Mass markets
“Department stores”
with global audiences
(head of long tail)
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Mass markets
“Department stores”
with global audiences
(head of long tail)
At the same time, GLAMs know the big,
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Because they realize most normal people
won’t take the trouble to come to their little,
geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site,
Most people go to
department stores
instead of boutiques
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Because they realize most normal people
won’t take the trouble to come to their little,
geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site,
Most people go to
department stores
instead of boutiques
At the same time, GLAMs know the big,
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Because they realize most normal people
won’t take the trouble to come to their little,
geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site, they have to find a …
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Because they realize most normal people
won’t take the trouble to come to their little,
geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site, they have to find a …
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1336070/Why-Chinese-
scientists-dressing-Panda-suits-fool-bear-cubs.html
At the same time, GLAMs know the big,
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Because they realize most normal people
won’t take the trouble to come to their little,
geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site, they have to find a …
Cunning trick!
They “dress up as pandas” to seamlessly
fit into the existing platforms, communities
and workflows, so they can
more easily distribute their niche DL-
content, services & brand to global
audiences
They set up in-store
boutiques!
scientists-dressing-Panda-suits-fool-bear-cubs.html
At the same time, GLAMs know the big,
cool, popular platforms & communities
normal people use in their daily lives
Because they realize most normal people
won’t take the trouble to come to their little,
geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site, they have to find a …
Cunning trick!
They “dress up as pandas” to seamlessly
fit into the existing platforms, communities
and workflows, so they can
more easily distribute their niche DL-
content, services & brand to global
audiences
They set up in-store
boutiques!
Some dressing up styles of GLAMs
1.Search engine optimisation
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
•Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
•Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
•Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen & gossiped about)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMs
http://fc01.deviantart.net/fs71/i/2013/118/2/4/google_in_a_dress_by_wingsade-d63g1ce.png
Further reading
•What is SEO? - http://searchengineland.com/guide/what-is-seo
•What’s the problem? - http://jpwilkin.blogspot.nl/2011/01/our-hidden-digital-libraries-july-27.html
•SEO and metadata - http://eprints.rclis.org/13518/1/AD_Google.doc.pdf
•Best paractices - http://www.libsuccess.org/Search_Engine_Optimization_%28SEO%29
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
•Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
•Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
•Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen & gossiped about)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMs
http://fc01.deviantart.net/fs71/i/2013/118/2/4/google_in_a_dress_by_wingsade-d63g1ce.png
Further reading
•What is SEO? - http://searchengineland.com/guide/what-is-seo
•What’s the problem? - http://jpwilkin.blogspot.nl/2011/01/our-hidden-digital-libraries-july-27.html
•SEO and metadata - http://eprints.rclis.org/13518/1/AD_Google.doc.pdf
•Best paractices - http://www.libsuccess.org/Search_Engine_Optimization_%28SEO%29
1.Search engine optimisation
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
2.Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
•Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
•Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen & gossiped about)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMs
http://partnersinexcellenceblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/curious.jpg
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
2.Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
•Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
•Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen & gossiped about)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMs
http://partnersinexcellenceblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/curious.jpg
Research on the use of Wikipedia in the
Netherlands 2015
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
Netherlands 2015
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
Research on the use of Wikipedia in the
Netherlands 2015
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
“Which source do you use most for finding factual information?”
•62% Google
•30% Wikipedia
•??% books & libraries
Netherlands 2015
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
“Which source do you use most for finding factual information?”
•62% Google
•30% Wikipedia
•??% books & libraries
Research on the use of Wikipedia in the
Netherlands 2015
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
“Which source do you use most for finding factual information?”
•62% Google
•30% Wikipedia
• 1% books & libraries
Netherlands 2015
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
“Which source do you use most for finding factual information?”
•62% Google
•30% Wikipedia
• 1% books & libraries
World War 2
Dutch
Parliament
Parliament
Dutch writers
Onderzoek onder lezers Wikipedia 2015
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
“80% of Dutch people use Wikipedia”
https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bestand:Rapportage_Motivaction_Lezers.pdf
“80% of Dutch people use Wikipedia”
(Digital) libraries can reach big audiences
by exposing their materials on Wikipedia
KB manuscripts case study
by exposing their materials on Wikipedia
KB manuscripts case study
Medieval Illuminated Manuscripts
manuscripts.kb.nl
This site contains
11.141 images,
including...
manuscripts.kb.nl
This site contains
11.141 images,
including...
…this baker image
Acèh Afrikaans Alemannisch አማርኛ Aragonés Ænglisc ةيبرعلا ܐܝܡܪܐ ىرصم অসমীয়া
Asturianu Aymar aru Azərbaycanca Башҡортса Boarisch Žemaitėška Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Български भोजपुरी Bamanankan ব়াাংল়া བོད་ཡིག Brezhoneg
Bosanski Буряад Català Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Cebuano Chamoru ᏣᎳᎩ یدروک Čeština
Словѣньскъ Чӑвашла Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Zazaki ް ސަބިހެވިދ Ελληνικά Emiliàn e
rumagnòl English Esperanto Español Eesti Euskara یسراف Suomi Võro Føroyskt Français
Arpetan Nordfriisk Furlan Frysk Gaeilge 贛語 Gàidhlig Galego یکليگ Avañe'ẽ ગુજરાતી
Gaelg 客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî תירבע हिन्दी Fiji Hindi Hrvatski Kreyòl ayisyen Magyar Հայերեն
Interlingua Bahasa Indonesia Interlingue Iñupiak Ilokano Ido Íslenska Italiano 日本語
Lojban Basa Jawa ქართული Kongo Қазақша Kalaallisut ភាសាខ្មែរ ಕನ್ನಡ 한국어 Перем
Коми Къарачай-малкъар Ripoarisch Kurdî Коми Kernowek Кыргызча Latina Ladino
Lëtzebuergesch Лезги Limburgs Lumbaart Lingála ລາວ Lietuvių Latgaļu Latviešu Basa
Banyumasan Malagasy Олык марий Baso Minangkabau Македонски മലയാളം
Монгол मराठी Bahasa Melayu ینور
ِ
ز Nāhuatl Napulitano Plattdüütsch Nederlands
Nedersaksies नेपाली नेपाल भाषा Norsk nynorsk Norsk bokmål Novial Nouormand Occitan
ଓଡ଼ିଆ Ирон ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Papiamentu Picard Deitsch Norfuk / Pitkern Polski Piemontèis یباجنپ وتښپ
Português Runa Simi Rumantsch Romani Română Armãneashce Русский Русиньскый
संस्कृतम् Саха тыла Sardu Sicilianu Scots Sámegiella Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
සිංහල Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Gagana Samoa Shqip Српски / srpski
Sranantongo Sesotho Seeltersk Basa Sunda Svenska Kiswahili Ślůnski தமிழ்
తెలుగుТоҷикӣ ไทย Türkmençe Tagalog Tok Pisin Türkçe Татарча/tatarça Українська ودرا
Oʻzbekcha Vèneto Vepsän kel’ Tiếng Việt Volapük Walon Winaray Wolof 吴语 IsiXhosa
שידִיי Yorùbá Zeêuws 中文 文言 Bân-lâm-gú 粵語
Wikipedia covers 292 languages
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia/Versions
Asturianu Aymar aru Azərbaycanca Башҡортса Boarisch Žemaitėška Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Български भोजपुरी Bamanankan ব়াাংল়া བོད་ཡིག Brezhoneg
Bosanski Буряад Català Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Cebuano Chamoru ᏣᎳᎩ یدروک Čeština
Словѣньскъ Чӑвашла Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Zazaki ް ސަބިހެވިދ Ελληνικά Emiliàn e
rumagnòl English Esperanto Español Eesti Euskara یسراف Suomi Võro Føroyskt Français
Arpetan Nordfriisk Furlan Frysk Gaeilge 贛語 Gàidhlig Galego یکليگ Avañe'ẽ ગુજરાતી
Gaelg 客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî תירבע हिन्दी Fiji Hindi Hrvatski Kreyòl ayisyen Magyar Հայերեն
Interlingua Bahasa Indonesia Interlingue Iñupiak Ilokano Ido Íslenska Italiano 日本語
Lojban Basa Jawa ქართული Kongo Қазақша Kalaallisut ភាសាខ្មែរ ಕನ್ನಡ 한국어 Перем
Коми Къарачай-малкъар Ripoarisch Kurdî Коми Kernowek Кыргызча Latina Ladino
Lëtzebuergesch Лезги Limburgs Lumbaart Lingála ລາວ Lietuvių Latgaļu Latviešu Basa
Banyumasan Malagasy Олык марий Baso Minangkabau Македонски മലയാളം
Монгол मराठी Bahasa Melayu ینور
ِ
ز Nāhuatl Napulitano Plattdüütsch Nederlands
Nedersaksies नेपाली नेपाल भाषा Norsk nynorsk Norsk bokmål Novial Nouormand Occitan
ଓଡ଼ିଆ Ирон ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Papiamentu Picard Deitsch Norfuk / Pitkern Polski Piemontèis یباجنپ وتښپ
Português Runa Simi Rumantsch Romani Română Armãneashce Русский Русиньскый
संस्कृतम् Саха тыла Sardu Sicilianu Scots Sámegiella Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
සිංහල Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Gagana Samoa Shqip Српски / srpski
Sranantongo Sesotho Seeltersk Basa Sunda Svenska Kiswahili Ślůnski தமிழ்
తెలుగుТоҷикӣ ไทย Türkmençe Tagalog Tok Pisin Türkçe Татарча/tatarça Українська ودرا
Oʻzbekcha Vèneto Vepsän kel’ Tiếng Việt Volapük Walon Winaray Wolof 吴语 IsiXhosa
שידִיי Yorùbá Zeêuws 中文 文言 Bân-lâm-gú 粵語
Wikipedia covers 292 languages
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia/Versions
Wikipedia in German
This images is used
on many
Wikipedias
This images is used
on many
Wikipedias
Wikipedia in French
Wikipedia in Bavarian
Wikipedia in Hungarian
Wikipedia in Russian
Wikipedia in Chinese
Wikipedia in Korean
This baker image is not the only image from KB that is used on
Wikipedia.
In total KB offers 11.5K images for Wikipedia
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Koninklijke_Bibliotheek
Wikipedia.
In total KB offers 11.5K images for Wikipedia
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Koninklijke_Bibliotheek
Using Wikipedia, these images are seen all over the world
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CountryWorldMap_LangaugeVersionsWikipediaContainingKBImages_30092013.png#file
This maps shows the countries (red) in which Wikipedia articles containing images related
to the National library of the Netherlands (KB) have been consulted (dd 30-9-2013)
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CountryWorldMap_LangaugeVersionsWikipediaContainingKBImages_30092013.png#file
This maps shows the countries (red) in which Wikipedia articles containing images related
to the National library of the Netherlands (KB) have been consulted (dd 30-9-2013)
Some statistics on the KB manuscripts
(*)
As said, this site contains
11.141 images
*http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Koninklijke_Bibliotheek_en_Nationaal_Archief/Resultaten/KPIs/KPI8/CasestudyKBManuscripten#Impact_Wikipe
dia_:_casestudy_KB-manuscripten (in Dutch)
On this KB-site, these 11.141 images are
requested 11K times per month (1 req per img)
(*)
As said, this site contains
11.141 images
*http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Koninklijke_Bibliotheek_en_Nationaal_Archief/Resultaten/KPIs/KPI8/CasestudyKBManuscripten#Impact_Wikipe
dia_:_casestudy_KB-manuscripten (in Dutch)
On this KB-site, these 11.141 images are
requested 11K times per month (1 req per img)
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Manuscripts_from_Koninklijke_Bibliotheek
Of these 11.141 images,
(only) 163 are used in
Wikipedia articles
On Wikipedia, these 163 images are requested
779K times per month (4777 req per img)
Some statistics on the KB manuscripts
(*)
x 4777
BANG!!
Of these 11.141 images,
(only) 163 are used in
Wikipedia articles
On Wikipedia, these 163 images are requested
779K times per month (4777 req per img)
Some statistics on the KB manuscripts
(*)
x 4777
BANG!!
1.Search engine optimisation
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
2.Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
3.Social content sharing (Instagram, Pinterest, Flickr...)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
•Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen & gossiped about)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMS
http://tweakers.net/ext/f/ABh9LXs58VV9cBY3VnMBvbLf/full.jpg
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
2.Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
3.Social content sharing (Instagram, Pinterest, Flickr...)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
•Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen & gossiped about)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMS
http://tweakers.net/ext/f/ABh9LXs58VV9cBY3VnMBvbLf/full.jpg
http://www.pinterest.com/britishlibrary
https://www.instagram.com/nypl/
Library of Congress @ Flickr
1.Search engine optimisation
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
2.Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
3.Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
4.Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen, gossiped and liked)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMS
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-fGneNjF84zM/TZTAzh8wd6I/AAAAAAAAGCc/jWh3C5gk6LI/s1600/gossip1.jpg
(dressing up to be liked by Google)
2.Collaboration with Wikipedia
(dressing up to be liked by curious people)
3.Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)
(dressing up to be visually liked)
4.Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)
(dressing up to be seen, gossiped and liked)
•Offering APIs
(dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)
Some dressing up styles of GLAMS
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-fGneNjF84zM/TZTAzh8wd6I/AAAAAAAAGCc/jWh3C5gk6LI/s1600/gossip1.jpg
Screenshot of my Twitter feed dd 02-11-2016
“seamlessly fit into people’s
exisiting workflows”
“seamlessly fit into people’s
exisiting workflows”
Mouth-to-mouth gossip
about Delpher.nl
about Delpher.nl
Mouth-to-mouth gossip
about Delpher.nl
about Delpher.nl
Trend 2. Digital library funding
Trend 2. Digital library funding
Less Public
More Private & social
- Public-private partnerships
- Sponsoring
- Crowdfunding
Less Public
More Private & social
- Public-private partnerships
- Sponsoring
- Crowdfunding
Trend 2. Digital library funding
Less Public
More Private & social
1. Public-private partnerships
2. Sponsoring
3. Crowdfunding
Less Public
More Private & social
1. Public-private partnerships
2. Sponsoring
3. Crowdfunding
1. Public-private
partnerships
http://kb.nl/en/news/news-archive-2010/koninklijke-bibliotheek-and-google-
sign-book-digitisation-agreement
http://kb.nl/en/news/news-archive-2011/digitisation-by-proquest-of-early-
printed-books-in-kb-collection
partnerships
http://kb.nl/en/news/news-archive-2010/koninklijke-bibliotheek-and-google-
sign-book-digitisation-agreement
http://kb.nl/en/news/news-archive-2011/digitisation-by-proquest-of-early-
printed-books-in-kb-collection
Astrid Verheusen,The Library - Digitisation, 30 October 2014, slide 26
Beer card: http://assets.catawiki.nl/assets/2012/5/11/4/7/d/47d64100-7dc7-012f-8f22-005056960006.jpg
1. Public-private
partnerships
Beer card: http://assets.catawiki.nl/assets/2012/5/11/4/7/d/47d64100-7dc7-012f-8f22-005056960006.jpg
1. Public-private
partnerships
Astrid Verheusen,The Library - Digitisation, 30 October 2014, slide 26
Beer card: http://assets.catawiki.nl/assets/2012/5/11/4/7/d/47d64100-7dc7-012f-8f22-005056960006.jpg
1. Public-private
partnerships
Deals with Google
and Proquest are
worth 63M€
Beer card: http://assets.catawiki.nl/assets/2012/5/11/4/7/d/47d64100-7dc7-012f-8f22-005056960006.jpg
1. Public-private
partnerships
Deals with Google
and Proquest are
worth 63M€
2. (Corporate) Sponsoring
Rijksmuseum
Rijksmuseum
2. (Corporate) Sponsoring
Rijksmuseum Annual Report 2012, p 98
Rijksmuseum Annual Report 2012, p 98
2. (Corporate) Sponsoring
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/about/sponsors.html
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/about/sponsors.html
http://artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=54147#.Uo4SGZyrF8E
2. (Corporate) Sponsoring
2. (Corporate) Sponsoring
3. Crowdfunding
“Cooperation of normal people who pool their money
together to support efforts initiated by others”
https://blog.flattr.net/2012/04/project
-gutenberg-taps-into-crowdfunding//
https://flattr.com/thing/509045
“Cooperation of normal people who pool their money
together to support efforts initiated by others”
https://blog.flattr.net/2012/04/project
-gutenberg-taps-into-crowdfunding//
https://flattr.com/thing/509045
http://blog.flattr.net/2012/04/project-
gutenberg-taps-into-crowdfunding/
https://flattr.com/thing/509045
https://flattr.com/thing/449169/Internet-Archive-Blogs
kickstarter.com/projects/1692978335/library-for-all-a-digital-library-for-the-developi
gutenberg-taps-into-crowdfunding/
https://flattr.com/thing/509045
https://flattr.com/thing/449169/Internet-Archive-Blogs
kickstarter.com/projects/1692978335/library-for-all-a-digital-library-for-the-developi
http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/vatican-library-making-4000-ancient-manuscripts-available-online-free-photos-1470911#
OK, that was about it…
.. but please let me do
update the trends table
for you!
.. but please let me do
update the trends table
for you!
CONCEPT PAST PRESENT
Geo-scope of DL Local
Scope is local (regional, national),
unaware of bigger world
‘Global village’
Local initiatives & services are aware of
the bigger world, and their roles within it
User contribution Institutions add content & value
- 1-directional institutional broadcasting
- Users are passive consumers
Users also add content & value
- Users are creators
- Harnassing collective intellligence,
crowd-curation, folksonomy
Control Institution(s) in control
The wishes of our users are scary and
complex, we know what’s best for them
User voice heard
Our users are our co-developers, they
give us valuable input how we should
develop our DL. P2P communication
Openness of
content
(reuse, revise, remix,
redistribute)
Closed
- You can use our content yourself, but
you can’t build upon it
- © , All rights reserved
Open
- We propagate sharing & remixing our
content, as far as legitimate rightholders
are not harmed
- Creative Commons
Content
distribution
Come to daddy
- People need to visit our website
- Only niche-markets are reached
Dressing up as pandas
- DL-content/services/brand embedded in
user’s daily workflows
- Niche and global audiences are reached
Funding of DLs
- Public - Mix of public, public-private, (corporate)
sponsors, crowdfunding
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Geo-scope of DL Local
Scope is local (regional, national),
unaware of bigger world
‘Global village’
Local initiatives & services are aware of
the bigger world, and their roles within it
User contribution Institutions add content & value
- 1-directional institutional broadcasting
- Users are passive consumers
Users also add content & value
- Users are creators
- Harnassing collective intellligence,
crowd-curation, folksonomy
Control Institution(s) in control
The wishes of our users are scary and
complex, we know what’s best for them
User voice heard
Our users are our co-developers, they
give us valuable input how we should
develop our DL. P2P communication
Openness of
content
(reuse, revise, remix,
redistribute)
Closed
- You can use our content yourself, but
you can’t build upon it
- © , All rights reserved
Open
- We propagate sharing & remixing our
content, as far as legitimate rightholders
are not harmed
- Creative Commons
Content
distribution
Come to daddy
- People need to visit our website
- Only niche-markets are reached
Dressing up as pandas
- DL-content/services/brand embedded in
user’s daily workflows
- Niche and global audiences are reached
Funding of DLs
- Public - Mix of public, public-private, (corporate)
sponsors, crowdfunding
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
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