Introduction to occupational safety and Health

Occupational safety and health

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Susan Harwood Training Grant 800 626 4748
Safety and Health Training 130 Tower Lane
Oil and Gas Industry PO Box 6615
OSHA Region III Morgantown, WV 26506-6615
DE, MD, PA, VA, WV, DC wvusafetyandhealth.org
Safety and Health Extension
Extension Service

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DISCLAIMERDISCLAIMER
•This material was produced under grant
number SH-19490-09-60-F-54 from the
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It
does not necessarily reflect the views or
policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor
does mention of trade names, commercial
products, or organizations imply endorsement
by the U.S. Government.

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Oil and Gas Industry ProcessOil and Gas Industry Process
Site Preparation
Drilling
Production

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FATALITIES IN THE OIL/GAS INDUSTRY, FATALITIES IN THE OIL/GAS INDUSTRY,
2005-20082005-2008
  
Directorate of Evaluation and AnalysisDirectorate of Evaluation and Analysis
February 2010February 2010
The data in this analysis come from the microdata
file of the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries
(CFOI) at the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
2008 data are preliminary.

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Fatal Injuries by YearFatal Injuries by Year
Year of injury Number Percent
2005 63 24%
2006 77 30%
2007 61 24%
2008 58 22%
Total 259 100%
2005 – 2008 = 259 deaths

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Days Survived After InjuryDays Survived After Injury
Days survived (0-30) Number Percent
0 223 86%
1-30 36 14%
Total 259 100%

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Nature of Fatal InjuryNature of Fatal Injury
Nature of injury Number Percent
Multiple intracranial injuries
  
44 17%
Internal injuries to organs and blood
vessels of the trunk
  
43 17%
Multiple traumatic injuries and
disorders, unspecified
  
25 10%
Electrocutions, electric shocks
  
25 10%
Other combinations of traumatic
injuries and disorders, n.e.c.
  
24 9%
Intracranial injuries 22 8%
Other* 20 8%
Intracranial injuries and injuries to
internal organs
  
19 7%
Heat burns, scalds
  
16 6%
Drownings 11 4%
Asphyxiations/strangulations,
suffocations
  
10 4%
Total 259 100%
*Other includes: other/multiple traumatic injuries, burns, amputations, poisoning/toxic effects,
heat stroke, bends, crushing injuries.

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Body Part InjuredBody Part Injured
Part of body Number Percent
Multiple body parts 86 33%
Brain, head, neck 75 29%
Chest/back/abdomen/pelvis (mostly) and
legs/ankles/feet (some) 51 20%
Body systems* 47 18%
Total 259 100%

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Event Causing FatalityEvent Causing Fatality
Event Number Percent
Struck by object or equipment 81 31%
Explosion 35 14%
Caught in or compressed by equipment or objects 30 12%
Falls 27 10%
Contact with electric current 25 10%
Accidents involving trucks, boats, other
transportation (excluding MVAs) 25 10%
Fire 19 7%
Other exposure to harmful substances or
environments
 
(heat, air pressure, poisonous substances,
confined space) 9 3%
Caught in or crushed in collapsing materials 8 3%
Total 259 100%

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Source of Fatal InjurySource of Fatal Injury
Source Number Percent
Other sources (explosive devices, low air pressure, fire, heat, water, natural gas, carbon
monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, racks, rocks, sand/gravel, co-worker, trees, hand tools, PPE)47 18%
Parts and materials, except building (clamps/couplings, chains, valves/nozzles, hoisting
accessories, electric parts, drums/pulleys) 42 16%
Building materials (including pipes) 33 13%
Floors (for falls) 27 10%
Vehicles (trucks, dump trucks, semi trucks, ATVs, forklifts, tractors, carts, boats, barges,
ships) 27 10%
Containers 19 7%
Machinery, except construction/logging/mining and pumps (heaters, cleaning machinery,
cranes, derricks, lifts, lathes) 18 7%
Construction, logging, and mining machinery (excavating machinery, loaders, drilling
machinery) 16 6%
Pumps 15 6%
Towers, poles 15 6%
Total 259 100%

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Worker Activity When Fatality OccurredWorker Activity When Fatality Occurred
Worker activity Number Percent
Repair, maintenance 37 14%
Construction, assembling, dismantling 35 14%
Materials handling operations (lifting, carrying, loading/unloading, mixing chemicals,
pushing/pulling) 34 13%
Operating heavy equipment 32 12%
Operating tools or machinery (except heavy equipment) (including turning
gauges/valves/switches on/off) 32 12%
Driving, operating, riding in or on, or getting on or off a vehicle (truck, industrial vehicle, farm
vehicle, boat) 20 8%
Physical activities (climbing/descending, standing, walking, reaching, jumping, diving) 16 6%
Inspecting or checking 15 6%
Directing, flagging traffic or walking in or near a roadway 13 5%
Cleaning, washing, clearing, spraying, painting 13 5%
Other activities 12 5%
Total 259 100%

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Intro to OSHA
Module 1

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Why is OSHA Important to You?Why is OSHA Important to You?
•OSHA began because, until 1970, there
were no national laws for safety and
health hazards
•On average, 15 workers die every day
from job injuries
•Over 5,600 Americans die from workplace
injuries annually
•Over 4 million non-fatal workplace injuries
and illnesses are reported

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What Rights Do You Have Under OSHA?What Rights Do You Have Under OSHA?
•You have the right to
–A safe and healthful workplace
–Know about hazardous chemicals
–Information about injuries and illnesses in your workplace
–Complain or request hazard correction from employer
–Training
–Hazard exposure and medical records
–File a complaint with OSHA
–Participate in an OSHA inspection
–Be free from retaliation for exercising safety and health
rights

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Your Rights to Seek Safety and Health AssistanceYour Rights to Seek Safety and Health Assistance

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Refusing to Work Because Conditions are Dangerous Refusing to Work Because Conditions are Dangerous

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What Responsibilities Does Your Employer Have What Responsibilities Does Your Employer Have
Under OSHA?Under OSHA?
•Provide a workplace free from recognized hazards and
comply with OSHA standards
•Provide training required by OSHA standards
•Keep records of injuries and illnesses
•Provide medical exams when required by OSHA
standards and provide workers access to their exposure
and medical records
•Not discriminate against workers who exercise their
rights under the Act (Section 11(c))
•Post OSHA citations and abatement verification notices
•Provide and pay for PPE

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Employer Must Provide and Pay for PPE Employer Must Provide and Pay for PPE

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Employer Must Provide and Pay for PPE Employer Must Provide and Pay for PPE

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Employer Must Provide and Pay for PPE Employer Must Provide and Pay for PPE

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What do the OSHA Standards Say?What do the OSHA Standards Say?
•OSHA standards fall into four categories:
General Industry, Construction, Maritime,
and Agriculture
•OSHA issues standards for a wide variety
of workplace hazards
•Where there are no specific OSHA
standards, employers must comply with
the General Duty Clause, Section 5(a)(1)

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What Standards Apply to the Oil and Gas Industry?What Standards Apply to the Oil and Gas Industry?
•OSHA doesn’t have a specific Oil and Gas
Standard
•What standard applies depends on the
work activity
–Most Site Preparation work falls under 29 CFR
1926 Construction
–Most Drilling and Production activities fall
under 29 CFR 1910 General Industry
–In addition to OSHA
• API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety
for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations*

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How Are OSHA Inspections Conducted?How Are OSHA Inspections Conducted?
•The OSH Act authorizes OSHA compliance
safety and health officers (CSHO’s) to
conduct workplace inspections at
reasonable times
•OSHA conducts inspections without
advance notice, except in rare
circumstances (e.g. - imminent danger)
•In fact, anyone who tells an employer
about an OSHA inspection in advance can
receive fines and a jail term

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Where Can You Go For Help?Where Can You Go For Help?
•Sources within the workplace/worksite
•Sources outside the workplace/worksite
•How to file an OSHA complaint

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Find Out More About Safety Find Out More About Safety

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Check Out OSHA’s Web Site! Check Out OSHA’s Web Site!

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Memory CheckMemory Check
1.What is the OSHA website URL?
a.safety.com
b.osha.gov
c.niosh.gov
d.none of the above

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Memory CheckMemory Check
2.What should you do if you believe
working conditions are unsafe or
unhealthful?
a.keep it to yourself and forget about it
b.call the county board of health
c.notify your employer first and then OSHA if
necessary
d.go straight to OSHA

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Memory CheckMemory Check
3.What responsibilities does your employer
have under OSHA?
a.provide a workplace free from recognized
hazards and comply with OSHA standards
b.provide training required by OSHA standards
c.not discriminating against workers who
exercise their rights under the Act (Section
11(c))
d.all of the above