Introduction_to_Religions_and_Belief_Systems.pptx

Lesson 1: Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems

1. ‹#›

2. ‹#› EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT 1. DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EDUCATION Major in Institutional Resilience and Sustainability St. Paul University Manila 2. MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION Major in EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT (M.A.Ed.) Pasig Catholic College (PPC), Pasig City, 2016 3. TRAINERS METHODOLOGY LEVEL I St. Joseph Technical Skills Institute Inc. St. Joseph’s Academy, Las Piñas City, 2015 4. HOUSEHOLD SERVICES NC II KL Home Care Training and Assessment Center, Inc. 376 El Grande Ave. BF Homes , Parañaque City, 2015 5. AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC II, Las Piñas Manpower Training Center, 2013 6. SUPPLEMENTAL UNITS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION University of Perpetual Help Rizal Pamplona, Las Pinas City, 2004 7. CATECHETICS / RELIGIOUS STUDIES Institute of Catechetics of the Archdiocese of Manila Guadalupe, Makati City, 1999 8. BASIC COURSE IN YOUTH MINISTRY (BCYM) Lay Formation Center – San Carlos Seminary Guadalupe, Makati City, 1998 9. BACHELOR OF ARTS IN PHILOSOPHY AND MASS COMMUNICATION St. Paul Seminary Silang, Cavite, 1998 10. SECONDARY EDUCATION Sto. Domingo National High School Sto. Domingo,Albay , 1992 11. PRIMARY EDUCATION Sto. Domingo Central School Sto. Domingo,Albay , 1988 GOVERNMENT EXAM & TESDA CERTIFICATION 1. Licensure Examination for Teacher(LET) August 2004 2. Automotive Servicing National Certificate II August 2013 3. Household Services National Certificate II February 2015 4. Trainers Methodology Level 1 December 2015

3. ‹#›

4. ‹#› RELIGION IN THE 21ST CENTURY SEMESTER 1 QUARTER 1 WORLD RELIGIONS IN FOCUS Understanding the Nature of Religion Origin of World Religions Positive and Negative Effects of Religion ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS Judaism Christianity Islam Comparative Analysis of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam SEMESTER 1 QUARTER 2 DHARMIC RELIGIONS Hinduism Theravada Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism Comparative Analysis of Hinduism, Theravada B uddhism, and Mahayana Buddhism DAOIC RELIGIONS Confucianism Taoism Shintoism Comparative Analysis of Confucianism, Daoism, and Shintoism

5. ‹#› Give an example of a belief system or a worldview .

6. Religion is an important aspect of life and a significant sector of the society. ‹#› "Relihiyon ay isang mahalagang aspeto ng buhay at isang makabuluhang sektor ng lipunan."

7. ‹#› Studying religions is valuable for several reasons: 1. Cultural Understanding : Religions often play a significant role in shaping the culture and traditions of societies. Learning about different religions can enhance your understanding of various cultures and their customs. 2. Historical Perspective : Religions have been central to many historical events and movements. Studying them can provide insights into the past and the factors that have influenced the course of history. 3. Ethical and Moral Reflection : Religions often provide ethical and moral frameworks for their followers. Learning about different religious perspectives can help individuals reflect on their own values and beliefs. Pang-unawa sa Kultura Kasaysayang Pananaw Etikal at Moral na Pagmumuni-muni

8. ‹#› Studying religions is valuable for several reasons: 4. Interfaith Dialogue : In our diverse and interconnected world, understanding different religions can foster tolerance, respect, and dialogue among people of different faiths, contributing to peace and harmony. 5. Personal Growth : Studying religions can be a journey of personal growth and self-discovery. It can help individuals explore questions about the meaning of life, purpose, and spirituality. 6. Academic and Career Opportunities : Knowledge of religions can open up academic and career opportunities, particularly in fields like religious studies, anthropology, sociology, and international relations. Diyalogong Panrelihiyon Pansariling Pag-unlad Akademikong at Pagkakataong Pangkarera

9. ‹#› Studying religions is valuable for several reasons: 7 . Conflict Resolution : Understanding the religious dimensions of conflicts can be crucial for effective conflict resolution and peacebuilding efforts, as religious factors often play a role in disputes. 8. Global Perspective : In a globalized world, having knowledge of different religions can be essential for engaging in international affairs, business, and diplomacy. 9. Literature and Arts : Religious themes and motifs are prevalent in literature, art, and music. Familiarity with religions can enhance your appreciation of these forms of cultural expression. 10. Personal Enlightenment : Some individuals study religions as a means of seeking personal enlightenment, spiritual growth, or a deeper connection to the divine. Pag-aayos ng Alituntunin Pananaw sa Pandaigdig Panitikan at Sining Personal na Pagka-ilaw

10. ‹#›

11. ‹#› There are different religions and belief systems in the world.

12. ‹#›

13. What Symbol Am I? ‹#› Identify the religion that each symbol represents. Choose your answer from the list below . Buddhism Islam Christianity Judaism Confucianism Shintoism Hinduism Taoism

14. What religion do I symbolize? ‹#›

15. What religion do I symbolize? ‹#›

16. What religion do I symbolize? ‹#›

17. What religion do I symbolize? ‹#›

18. What religion do I Symbolize? ‹#›

19. W H at religion do I symbolize? ‹#›

20. What religion do I symBolize? ‹#›

21. What religion do I symbolize? ‹#›

22. Why is studying religions valuable for gaining insights into various cultures and their customs? A. To become a religious expert B. To learn about the history of religions C. To enhance cultural understanding D. To promote religious beliefs ‹#›

23. Why do some individuals study religions, seeking personal enlightenment, spiritual growth, or a deeper connection to the divine?" A. To become religious scholars B. To write books about religious history C. To enhance personal spirituality and growth D. To engage in interfaith dialogue ‹#›

24. What counts as a “religion”? Anong itinuturing na “relihiyon”? ‹#› The definition of "religion" is a complex and debated concept, and it can vary depending on cultural, legal, and scholarly perspectives. There isn't a universally accepted definition , but there are common elements that are often associated with religions : 1. Belief in the Supernatural : Religions typically involve beliefs in supernatural beings, forces, or entities. These may include gods, spirits, ancestors, or other divine entities. 2. Sacred Texts : Many religions have sacred texts or scriptures that contain teachings, stories, or guidelines for how followers should live their lives. Examples include the Bible in Christianity, the Quran in Islam, and the Bhagavad Gita in Hinduism. Paniniwala sa Sobrenatural Mga Banal na Teksto

25. What counts as a “religion”? Anong itinuturing na “relihiyon”? ‹#› The definition of "religion" is a complex and debated concept, and it can vary depending on cultural, legal, and scholarly perspectives. There isn't a universally accepted definition , but there are common elements that are often associated with religions : 3. Rituals and Practices : Religions often have specific rituals, ceremonies, and practices that are performed by their followers. These can include prayer, meditation, worship, and various rites of passage. 4. Community and Worship : Religions often involve a sense of community, with regular gatherings for worship, fellowship, and the reinforcement of religious beliefs and values. These gatherings can take the form of churches, mosques, temples, synagogues, or other places of worship. Mga Seremonya at Pamamaraan Pamayanan at Pagsamba

26. What counts as a “religion”? Anong itinuturing na “relihiyon”? ‹#› 5. Morality and Ethics : Religions often provide a moral and ethical framework for their followers, guiding them on how to behave and make ethical decisions. 6. Cosmology and Creation Stories : Religions often offer explanations about the origin of the universe, humanity, and the purpose of life. These explanations are often tied to their belief in the supernatural. 7. Symbols and Iconograp h y : Religions often use symbols, icons, and art to represent their beliefs and teachings. For example, the cross in Christianity or the crescent moon and star in Islam. 8. Faith and Belief : Central to most religions is faith or belief in the teachings, doctrines, and narratives of the religion. Moralidad at Etika Kosmolohiya at Kuwento ng Paglikha Mga Sagisag at Ikonograpiya Pananampalataya at Paniniwala

27. Pick one that is most familiar to you. How do you think this religion came about? ‹#› Do you think there is a “true” religion?

28. Do you think there is a “true” religion? ‹#› The concept of a "true" religion is a matter of individual belief, faith, and personal perspective. People around the world follow a wide range of religions and belief systems, and what one person considers the "true" religion may differ from someone else's perspective. Belief in a particular religion often depends on cultural, familial, personal, and spiritual factors. It's important to respect and understand the diversity of beliefs and religions that exist and to engage in respectful dialogue and exploration of these beliefs to foster mutual understanding and tolerance. The question of whether there is a "true" religion is a deeply philosophical and theological one that has been debated for centuries and may never have a definitive answer. How would you define religion ?

29. ‹#› How would you define religion ?

30. Defining Religion The lexical origin of a word refers to its historical and linguistic source or origin. It is the study of where a word came from, how it evolved over time, and how it may have been influenced by other languages or word forms. Understanding the lexical origin of a word involves tracing its etymology, which is the study of the history and development of words. ‹#›

31. Definition of Religion Lexical Origin The word "religion" has a complex lexical origin. It is derived from the Latin word "religio." However, the precise origin of the Latin word "religio" is a subject of debate among scholars. There are several theories about the etymology of "religio," but none are universally accepted. Here are a couple of prominent theories: Cicero's Theory : The Roman philosopher and orator Cicero, in his work "De Natura Deorum" (On the Nature of the Gods), suggested that "religio" is derived from the Latin verb " relegere ," which means " to go over again " or " to read again with care ." According to Cicero, " religio " referred to the careful and conscientious observance of rituals and duties in the worship of the gods . Cicero, whose full name was Marcus Tullius Cicero, was a prominent Roman statesman, orator, lawyer, and philosopher who lived from 106 BCE to 43 BCE. He is widely regarded as one of the most significant figures in the history of Roman literature and oratory. ‹#›

32. Definition of Religion Lexical Origin Augustine's Theory : The Christian theologian Saint Augustine proposed a different origin for "religio." He believed that it was derived from the Latin word " religare ," meaning " to bind fast " or " to bind together ." In Augustine's view, " religio " signified the binding of humans to God through faith and worship. The exact origin of the word "religion" remains a topic of scholarly discussion and interpretation, and it may incorporate elements from both of these proposed etymologies. Over time, the meaning of "religion" has evolved to encompass a wide range of belief systems, practices, and worldviews, extending beyond its original Latin roots. Saint Augustine, also known as Augustine of Hippo (354-430 AD), was a Christian theologian, philosopher, and bishop in the Roman province of Africa (modern-day Algeria). He is one of the most significant figures in the history of Christianity and Western philosophy. ‹#›

33. Definition of Religion Religion believing into something of a higher power, usually a supernatural being, practicing a set of customs and traditions towards achieving an “ideal religious life” ‹#› Is “God” a universal, standard entity? Why do you say so?

34. ‹#› ‹#› Is “God” a universal, standard entity? The concept of "God" is not a universal, standard entity that is consistent across all cultures, religions, and belief systems. The concept of God varies significantly among different cultures, religions, and philosophical traditions.

35. ‹#› ‹#› Is “God” a universal, standard entity? Here are a few reasons why "God" is not a universal, standard entity: 1. Multiplicity of Beliefs : There are numerous belief systems and religions in the world, each with its own understanding of the divine or the sacred. These beliefs range from monotheism (belief in one God) to polytheism (belief in multiple gods) to atheism (lack of belief in gods). Even within monotheistic religions like Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, there are variations in the understanding of God. Kasalimuotan ng mga Paniniwala

36. ‹#› ‹#› Is “God” a universal, standard entity? Here are a few reasons why "God" is not a universal, standard entity: 2. Cultural and Historical Context: The concept of God is often shaped by cultural and historical factors. Different cultures have their own myths, stories, and traditions that influence their understanding of the divine. For example, the gods of ancient Greece were very different from the God of monotheistic religions. Kultural at Kasaysayang Konteksto

37. ‹#› ‹#› Is “God” a universal, standard entity? 3. Philosophical Differences : Philosophical and theological differences also lead to varying conceptions of God. For example, the concept of God in classical theism, as understood by philosophers like Thomas Aquinas, is different from the deistic view of God as a distant creator who does not interfere in the world. Philosopikal na Pagkakaiba

38. ‹#› ‹#› Is “God” a universal, standard entity? Why do you say so? 4. Atheism and Non-Theistic Beliefs : Not all belief systems include a concept of God. Atheism, for example, rejects the existence of gods altogether. Some Eastern philosophies, like Buddhism and certain forms of Hinduism, are non-theistic, focusing on individual enlightenment rather than worshiping a deity. Paniniwalang Hindi-Teista

39. ‹#› ‹#› Is “God” a universal, standard entity? Why do you say so? 5. Evolution of Religious Thought : Religious beliefs and concepts of God can evolve over time. What people believe about God today may differ from what their ancestors believed centuries ago, and religious doctrines can change or adapt. Pag-unlad ng Pananampalatayang Panrelihiyon

40. Religion in the Context of Social Sciences ‹#› Relihiyon sa Konteksto ng Agham Panlipunan

41. Defining Religion in the Context of Social Sciences Types of Definition Substantive A substantive is something that is significant, substantial, or essential in a particular context, often referring to the main point, importance, or tangible value of something. Functional Functional" refers to something that is designed to work efficiently and serve its intended purpose effectively. ‹#› makabuluhan" or "may laman pumipilit" or "maaaring gamitin Answers the question “What makes religion different from other fields in social sciences? Answers the question “What does religion do for the society?

42. Substantive Definition “ Religion is the belief to a ‘supreme being.’ People use it to explain things that they cannot really explain. ” Sir Edward Tylor Sir Edward Burnett Tylor ‹#› Defining Religion in the Context of Social Sciences

43. Functional Definition Religion is a “system of beliefs and practices by which a group of people interprets and responds to what they feel is sacred and, usually, supernatural as well.” Ronald Johnstone ‹#› Defining Religion in the Context of Social Sciences

44. ‹#› E xplain the ways to define religion using your own words.

45. Dimensions of Religion ‹#› Mga Dimensyon ng Relihiyon

46. Dimensions of Religion Dimensions - "Dimensions" typically refers to aspects or facets of something that can be measured, assessed, or considered. In the context of religion, it often refers to different aspects or components that contribute to the overall understanding or experience of a particular faith or belief system. These dimensions can include theological, ritualistic, ethical, social, and experiential aspects, among others. They help provide a comprehensive view of the complexity and richness of religious traditions. elements that are present, in different levels, in all religions used to ‘classify’ religions ‹#› Mga elemento na umiiral, sa iba't ibang antas, sa lahat ng relihiyon

47. Dimensions of Religion beliefs rituals spiritual experience community ‹#›

48. DIMENSIONS OF RELIGIONS ‹#› Belief/Doctrinal Dimension : This dimension relates to the core beliefs and teachings of a religious tradition. It includes concepts about God or the divine, the nature of the cosmos, the afterlife, morality, and ethical principles. Beliefs are often articulated in sacred texts and religious doctrines. Ritual/Practical Dimension : Rituals and practices are the tangible expressions of religious beliefs. This dimension involves religious ceremonies, worship services, prayer, meditation, sacraments, pilgrimages, and other rituals that are performed by adherents. These practices vary widely among different religious traditions. Experiential/Emotional Dimension : This dimension focuses on the personal and emotional experiences of individuals within a religious context. It includes mystical experiences, feelings of awe and reverence, religious ecstasy, and the sense of connection with the divine. Many religious traditions emphasize the importance of personal spiritual experiences. Community/Institutional/Social Dimension : Religions often have organized institutions, such as churches, mosques, temples, and synagogues, that provide a social structure for their members. This dimension encompasses the roles of clergy, religious leaders, and the community in religious life. It also involves aspects of religious governance and administration.

49. Dimensions of Religion Beliefs religious knowledge ideas and concepts that guide religious followers on how to act and understand the world ‹#› Doctrinal/Belief Dimension: This dimension relates to the core beliefs and teachings of a religious tradition. It includes concepts about God or the divine, the nature of the cosmos, the afterlife, morality, and ethical principles. Beliefs are often articulated in sacred texts and religious doctrines.

50. Dimensions of Religion ‹#› Classification Belief Example Monotheism There is only one god/supreme being. Christianity, Islam Polytheism There are many gods/supreme beings. Hinduism Atheism There is no god/supreme being. Buddhism, Taoism Animism The supreme being is not human in form. Shintoism Table 1 . Classifications of religions based on belief

51. Dimensions of Religion Rituals religious actions activities done habitually to practice and/or reinforce religious teachings ‹#› Ritual/Practical Dimension : Rituals and practices are the tangible expressions of religious beliefs. This dimension involves religious ceremonies, worship services, prayer, meditation, sacraments, pilgrimages, and other rituals that are performed by adherents. These practices vary widely among different religious traditions.

52. Dimensions of Religion ‹#›

53. Dimensions of Religion Spiritual Experiences experiencing a “trance” state a feeling of being connected to a supreme being ‹#› Experiential/Emotional Dimension : This dimension focuses on the personal and emotional experiences of individuals within a religious context. It includes mystical experiences, feelings of awe and reverence, religious ecstasy, and the sense of connection with the divine. Many religious traditions emphasize the importance of personal spiritual experiences.

54. Dimensions of Religion ‹#›

55. Dimensions of Religion Community beliefs, rituals, and spiritual experiences shared by a group of people group of people who believe and practice the same religion ‹#› Community/Institutional/Social Dimension : Religions often have organized institutions, such as churches, mosques, temples, and synagogues, that provide a social structure for their members. This dimension encompasses the roles of clergy, religious leaders, and the community in religious life. It also involves aspects of religious governance and administration.

56. Dimensions of Religion Community ‹#›

57. Dimensions of Religion ‹#› Classification Size and Influence Example Church l arge, well-organized, well- structured , integrated in the society Ecclesia h as formal ties with the state Anglican Church of England Catholic Church of Spain Denomination h as no formal ties with the state United Church of Christ in the Philippines Sect a small religious organization formed when there is a breakaway from a larger religious group The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Cult similar to sects but is more secluded and secretive and generally follows a charismatic leader Peoples Temple of the Disciples of Christ (Jim Jones) Table 2 . Classifications of religion based on size and influence

58. Christianity is Here are some of the major Christian denominations: 1. Roman Catholicism : The largest Christian denomination in the world, Roman Catholicism is led by the Pope and is known for its hierarchical structure, emphasis on tradition, and the seven sacraments. The Vatican City is the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church. 2. Eastern Orthodoxy : Eastern Orthodoxy includes several autocephalous (self-governing) churches, with the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople considered "first among equals." This branch emphasizes liturgy, icons, and mysticism.

59. 3. Protestantism : Protestantism is a diverse group of denominations and traditions that emerged from the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century. Major branches of Protestantism include: Lutheranism : Founded by Martin Luther, Lutherans emphasize justification by faith and the authority of the Bible. Reformed/Presbyterian : Rooted in the teachings of John Calvin, this branch emphasizes predestination and a form of church governance with elders. Anglicanism : The Church of England, which later gave rise to the Episcopal Church in the United States, is a part of Anglicanism. Anglicans have a hierarchical structure and a blend of Catholic and Reformed elements. Baptist : Baptists emphasize believer's baptism by immersion and congregational autonomy. Methodism : Founded by John Wesley, Methodists focus on personal holiness and social justice. Pentecostalism : Known for the belief in the baptism of the Holy Spirit, speaking in tongues, and charismatic worship.

60. 4. Non-denominational Christianity : Some Christians choose to worship in non-denominational or independent churches, which may vary widely in beliefs and practices. They often prioritize a personal relationship with Jesus Christ and less formal structures. 5. Latter-day Saint Movement (Mormonism) : The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and other groups within the Latter-day Saint movement have unique beliefs, including the Book of Mormon as an additional scripture. 6. Jehovah's Witnesses : This denomination is known for its distinct beliefs, such as non-trinitarianism and door-to-door evangelism.

61. 7. Christian Science : Founded by Mary Baker Eddy, Christian Scientists believe in spiritual healing and rely on prayer for physical and mental health. 8. Unitarian Universalism : This denomination emphasizes inclusivity, social justice, and freedom of belief. It welcomes people from various religious backgrounds. 9. Quakerism (Religious Society of Friends) : Quakers emphasize direct communion with God and a lack of formal clergy. They often engage in silent worship and social activism. 10. Evangelical Christianity : Evangelicalism is a broad movement characterized by a strong emphasis on personal conversion, evangelism, and the authority of the Bible. It can be found within various Protestant denominations and independent churches.

62. ‹#› Give other examples of a church, a sect, and a cult.

63. ‹#› E xamples of a church, a sect, and a cult. The terms "church," "sect," and "cult" are often used in sociology and religious studies to describe different types of religious organizations, and they can sometimes have overlapping characteristics. Here are examples of each: Church Roman Catholic Church: The Roman Catholic Church is one of the largest and most widely recognized Christian churches in the world. It has a hierarchical structure led by the Pope and a long history dating back to the early days of Christianity.

64. ‹#› E xamples of a church, a sect, and a cult. The terms "church," "sect," and "cult" are often used in sociology and religious studies to describe different types of religious organizations, and they can sometimes have overlapping characteristics. Here are examples of each: Sect Amish: The Amish are a religious sect within Anabaptist Christianity. They are known for their distinctive way of life, which includes plain dress, rejection of modern technology, and a strong sense of community. The Amish emerged as a sect in the 16th century in Europe.

65. ‹#› E xamples of a church, a sect, and a cult. The terms "church," "sect," and "cult" are often used in sociology and religious studies to describe different types of religious organizations, and they can sometimes have overlapping characteristics. Here are examples of each: Cult Heaven's Gate: Heaven's Gate was a cult led by Marshall Applewhite and Bonnie Nettles. It gained notoriety in the 1990s when its members believed in the imminent arrival of a spaceship that would take them to a higher plane of existence. In 1997, the cult members committed mass suicide.

66. ‹#› E xamples of a church, a sect, and a cult. It's important to note that the terms "sect" and "cult" can be pejorative and are often used in a judgmental or derogatory manner. They do not necessarily reflect the legitimacy or beliefs of a religious group. Additionally, what is considered a "sect" or a "cult" can vary depending on the perspective of the observer and the context in which the terms are used. In academic and sociological discussions, these terms are used cautiously and with an understanding of their potential biases. “ Pejorative" is an adjective used to describe words, expressions, or statements that convey a negative or disparaging connotation

67. ‹#›

68. Identify whether the word or phrase in each item belongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. ‹#› Belief/Doctrinal Dimension : This dimension relates to the core beliefs and teachings of a religious tradition. It includes concepts about God or the divine, the nature of the cosmos, the afterlife, morality, and ethical principles. Beliefs are often articulated in sacred texts and religious doctrines. Ritual/Practical Dimension : Rituals and practices are the tangible expressions of religious beliefs. This dimension involves religious ceremonies, worship services, prayer, meditation, sacraments, pilgrimages, and other rituals that are performed by adherents. These practices vary widely among different religious traditions. Experiential/Emotional Dimension : This dimension focuses on the personal and emotional experiences of individuals within a religious context. It includes mystical experiences, feelings of awe and reverence, religious ecstasy, and the sense of connection with the divine. Many religious traditions emphasize the importance of personal spiritual experiences. Community/Institutional/Social Dimension : Religions often have organized institutions, such as churches, mosques, temples, and synagogues, that provide a social structure for their members. This dimension encompasses the roles of clergy, religious leaders, and the community in religious life. It also involves aspects of religious governance and administration.

69. Identify whethe r the word or phrase in each item belongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. 1. simbang-gabi ‹#› “S imbang Gabi" is a Filipino Christmas tradition that involves a series of nine dawn Masses or novena Masses. These Masses are celebrated in the Philippines in the days leading up to Christmas, specifically from December 16th to December 24th. The term "Simbang Gabi" translates to "Night Mass" or "Evening Mass" in English, but these Masses are typically held early in the morning, before dawn.

70. 2 . a pparition of a supernatural being ‹#› Identify whether the word or phrase in e ach item belongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. An apparition of a supernatural being refers to a visual or sensory experience in which a person perceives the presence of a being or entity that is not part of the natural, physical world. These experiences are often considered paranormal or supernatural in nature. Apparitions can take various forms and are reported in different cultural and religious contexts.

71. 3 . Holy Trinity ‹#› Identify whether the word or phrase in each item b elongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. The Holy Trinity is a central doctrine in Christianity, particularly in mainstream Christian denominations such as Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and most branches of Protestantism. It is the belief in the triune nature of God, which means that God exists as one God in three distinct persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit. The Holy Trinity is a theological concept that seeks to explain the nature of God as understood by many Christians.

72. 4 . Torah ‹#› Identify whether the word or phrase in each item b elongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. The Torah, in Judaism, is the central and most sacred text, often referred to as the "Law" or "Pentateuch." It consists of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament in Christianity) and plays a foundational role in Jewish faith, practice, and tradition. The Torah is believed to contain the divine revelations given to Moses on Mount Sinai. The five books of the Torah are: Genesis (Bereshit): Exodus (Shemot): Leviticus (Vayikra): Numbers (Bamidbar): Deuteronomy (Devarim):

73. 5 . caliphate ‹#› Identify whether the word or phrase in each item belongs to the belief , ritual , experien c e , or community dimension of religion. A caliphate is a form of Islamic government led by a religious and political leader known as a caliph. The term "caliphate" is derived from the Arabic word "caliph" (khalifah), which means "successor" or "representative." In Islamic tradition, a caliph is considered to be the successor to the Prophet Muhammad and the leader of the Muslim community (ummah).

74. 6 . Achieving the life of buddha ‹#› Id e ntify whether the word or phrase in each item belongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. Achieving the life of the Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, is not something that can be replicated exactly, as his path to enlightenment was deeply personal and unique. However, you can draw inspiration from his life and teachings to pursue a path of personal growth, spiritual development, and inner peace. Here are some key aspects of the Buddha's life and journey that you can consider: Seeking Truth and Enlightenment Meditation and Mindfulness Self-Discovery Renunciation and Detachment Compassion and Kindness The Noble Eightfold Path Teachings and Study Guidance and Practice Community and Support Lifelong Learning

75. 7. baptism ‹#› Identify whethe r the word or phrase in each item belongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. Baptism is a significant and widely practiced religious ritual in Christianity. It is considered a sacrament in most Christian denominations, although its meaning and practices can vary among different traditions.

76. 8. Allah ‹#› Identify whether the word or phrase in each item b elongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. "Allah" is the Arabic word for God and is the primary term used for God in Islam. It is also used by Arabic-speaking Christians and Jews to refer to God. In Islamic belief, Allah is considered the one and only God, the creator of the universe, and the sole deity worthy of worship.

77. 9. creed ‹#› Identify whether the word or phrase in each item b elongs to the belief , ritual , experience , or community dimension of religion. A "creed" is a formal statement of the beliefs or doctrines held by a religious faith or a particular group or community. Creeds serve as concise summaries of essential religious teachings and are often used as declarations of faith or confessions of belief. They play a significant role in defining the core beliefs and identity of a religious tradition.

78. 10. temple ‹#› Identify whether the word or phrase in each item belongs to the belief , ritual , experien c e , or community dimension of religion. The term "temple" can have various meanings depending on the cultural and religious context. Generally, a temple is a place dedicated to religious or spiritual practices, rituals, and worship. Temples are found in numerous religious traditions around the world, and they can vary widely in their architectural styles, purposes, and significance.

79. Religion is believing into something of a higher power, usually a supernatural being, practicing a set of customs and traditions towards achieving an “ideal religious life.” ‹#›

80. In social sciences, religion can be defined in two ways: substantive and functional. Substantive definition focuses on determining the distinct characteristics of religion that make it a unique aspect of society. Functional definition focuses on what the religion can do or how it works in a society. ‹#›

81. There are four dimensions of religion : beliefs rituals experiences community ‹#›

82. Religion based on beliefs can be classified into monotheism (one god), polytheism (many gods), atheism (no god), and animism (god is not in human form) Religious organizations can be classified into churches ( ecclesia or denomination), sects, and cults. ‹#›

83. Answer the following questions. How does religion affect society? How will you define a “good” religion?

84. Religions of world isometric flowchart Free Vector by macrovector is licensed under Free Use via Freepik.com . Slide 4, 8-13, 15: Religion icon set Free Vector by macrovector is licensed under Free Use via Freepik.com .

85. Lovely budha with flat design Free Vector by freepik is licensed under Free Use via Freepik.com .

86. Religion confession illustration Free Vector by macrovector_official is licensed under Free Use via Freepik.com .